Nitrogen is used as a protective gas; Prolong the life of the light bulb; Used to store food; Antioxidant; Making fertilizer; Used for health care.
1, used as shielding gas: at room temperature, the chemical properties of nitrogen are relatively stable, so it can be used as inert gas and shielding gas when welding metals.
2, prolong the life of the bulb: nitrogen has the function of anti-oxidation, which can be poured into the bulb to prevent the tungsten wire from being oxidized, thus prolonging the life of the bulb.
3, used to store food: nitrogen can be used to store food, so as to avoid moth, mildew, deterioration and other phenomena.
4. Oxidation resistance: When producing glass, nitrogen can be used as protective gas to avoid tin bath oxidation.
5. Can be used as fertilizer: Nitrogen can be used as fertilizer, which is the raw material for making chlorophyll and protein.
6. Used in medical care: Nitrogen can also be used in medical care, and this gas has made an important contribution to medical care.
What is the use of nitrogen?
Nitrogen is widely used in national economy and daily life. First of all, using its "withdrawn character", we can fill it in the bulb, which can prevent the oxidation of tungsten wire, slow down the volatilization speed of tungsten wire and prolong the service life of the bulb. When welding metal, it can also be used to replace inert gas as shielding gas.
In museums, some rare pictures and books are often kept in cylinders filled with nitrogen, which makes moths suffocate in nitrogen. Using nitrogen to make grain dormant and anoxic, the metabolism is slow, which can achieve good effects of insect prevention, mildew prevention and deterioration prevention. The grain is not polluted, the management is relatively simple and the cost is not high, so it has made rapid progress in recent years. At present, Japan, Italy and other countries have entered the pilot stage of small-scale production. In recent years. Nitrogen is also used to preserve grain in many areas of our country, which is called "vacuum nitrogen storage" and can also be used to preserve agricultural and sideline products such as fruits.
Cooling the scalpel with liquid nitrogen becomes a "cold knife". Doctors can use "cold knife" to operate, which can reduce bleeding or not, and the patient will recover faster after operation. The use of liquid nitrogen to treat patients with skin diseases has also achieved good results. This is because the gasification temperature of liquid nitrogen is-195.8℃. Therefore, when it is used to treat superficial skin diseases, it is often easy to make the skin at the lesion necrosis and fall off. In the past, dermatologists often used "dry ice" to treat hemangioma. Although the intention is the same, the degree of cold is far less than that of liquid nitrogen. The "artificial pneumothorax" for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is also to inject nitrogen into the chest cavity of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis to compress the diseased lungs and make them rest.
At present, people still use the low temperature generated by liquid nitrogen to preserve the sperm of improved livestock, store it and transport it to various places, and then use it for artificial insemination after thawing. For example, Guangxi Fisheries Research Institute tried to preserve giant fish semen with liquid nitrogen, which was successful. Nitrogen is also an important chemical raw material, which can be used to make various fertilizers and explosives.
Nitrogen is "the foundation of life". It is not only the raw material for crops to make chlorophyll, but also the raw material for crops to make protein. According to statistics, crops all over the world will absorb more than 40 million tons of nitrogen from the soil within one year.
Scientists have high hopes for nitrogen, they think; The reason why rhizobia have a clever method can directly capture nitrogen in the air and convert it into nitrogen fertilizer. Because there is a nitrogenase in it, which is an expert in capturing nitrogen. If a large number of nitrogenase can be artificially synthesized by chemical method, isn't it easy to change nitrogen into nitrogen fertilizer?
What are the uses of nitrogen?
Nitrogen is usually a colorless and odorless gas, and its density is usually smaller than that of air. Its chemical properties are inactive, and it can change chemically with some substances under high energy conditions to synthesize new substances for people to use. Do you know the purpose of nitrogen?
chemical synthesis
Nitrogen is mainly used for synthetic ammonia, and the reaction formula is N2+3H22NH3. It is also an important raw material for synthetic fiber, synthetic resin and synthetic rubber. Nitrogen is a nutrient element and can also be used to make fertilizer. For example: ammonium bicarbonate NH4HCO3, ammonium chloride NH4Cl, ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, etc.
car tyre
1. Improve the stability and comfort of tires. Nitrogen is almost an inert diatomic gas with extremely inactive chemical properties. Gas molecules are larger than oxygen molecules, which are not easy to expand with heat and contract with cold, and the deformation range is small. The speed of its penetration into the tire sidewall is about 30-40% slower than that of air, which can maintain a stable tire pressure, improve the stability of tire driving and ensure driving comfort. The audio conductivity of nitrogen is low, which is equivalent to 1/5 of ordinary air. Using nitrogen can effectively reduce the noise of tires and improve the quietness of driving.
2. Pre-puncture and tire-by-tire puncture are the number one killers of road traffic accidents. According to statistics, 46% of traffic accidents on expressways are caused by tire failures, of which puncture accounts for 70% of the total number of tire accidents. When a car is driving, the tire temperature will rise due to friction with the ground, especially when driving at high speed and braking suddenly, the temperature of gas in the tire will rise rapidly, and the tire pressure will suddenly rise, so there will be the possibility of puncture. High temperature leads to tire rubber aging, fatigue strength decline and serious tread wear, which is also an important factor that may cause tire puncture. Compared with ordinary high-pressure air, high-purity nitrogen has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient, low thermal conductivity and slow temperature rise, which reduces the speed of tire heat collection, is nonflammable and does not support combustion, so it can greatly reduce the probability of tire puncture.
3. Extend the service life of tires. After using nitrogen, the stable volume of tire pressure changes little, which greatly reduces the possibility of irregular friction of tire such as crown wear, shoulder wear and eccentric wear, and improves the service life of tire. The aging of rubber is caused by the oxidation of oxygen molecules in the air. After aging, its strength and elasticity decrease, and cracks will appear, which is one of the reasons for shortening the service life of tires. Nitrogen separation device can remove impurities such as oxygen, sulfur, oil and water in the air to a great extent, effectively reduce the oxidation degree of tire liner and rubber corrosion, and will not corrode metal rims, prolong the service life of tires and greatly reduce the rust of rims.
4. Reduce fuel consumption and protect the environment. Insufficient tire pressure will increase the rolling resistance after heating, which will increase the fuel consumption of the car when driving; Nitrogen can not only keep the tire pressure stable and delay the tire pressure reduction, but also is dry, oil-free and waterless, with low thermal conductivity and slow temperature rise, which reduces the temperature rise when the tire is walking, improves the tire grip, has small deformation and reduces the rolling resistance, thus achieving the purpose of reducing fuel consumption.
Other functions
Because of its chemical inertness, nitrogen is often used as a protective gas, such as fruit, food and light bulb filling gas. In order to prevent some objects from being oxidized by oxygen when exposed to the air, filling nitrogen into the granary can keep the grain from mildew and germination for a long time. Liquid nitrogen can also be used as a deep refrigerant. As a refrigerant, it is often used in hospital freckle, steamed stuffed bun and bean surgery, that is, frozen spots, steamed stuffed bun and beans, but it is easy to scar and is not recommended. High purity nitrogen is used as carrier gas for chromatograph and other instruments. Used as protective gas for bright annealing of copper tubes. Used as laser gas of laser cutting machine together with high-purity helium and high-purity carbon dioxide. Nitrogen is also used as a protective gas for food preservation. In chemical industry, nitrogen is mainly used as protective gas, displacement gas, washing gas and safety gas. Used as protective gas for aluminum products, aluminum profile processing, aluminum thin rolling, etc. Used as shielding gas for reflow soldering and wave soldering to improve welding quality. Used as protective gas in float glass production to prevent tin bath oxidation.
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Special emergency plan for nitrogen poisoning accident
1, use
This plan is formulated in order to ensure that hidden dangers caused by problems such as lack of oxygen, gas facilities and nitrogen leakage can be found and eliminated in time, and accidents can be reduced and controlled during the maintenance of closed containers.
2. Scope of application
Closed containers of nitrogen-containing media such as boxes, pipes and coal mills involved in various units of ironmaking plant.
3, nitrogen hazard analysis
3. 1. Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless and tasteless inert gas at normal temperature and pressure, and can be liquid after pressurization;
3.2. Nitrogen poisoning under normal pressure is characterized by simple suffocation. Nitrogen accounts for about four fifths of the air. When the nitrogen content in the air increases, the oxygen in the air can be excluded, which leads to the low partial pressure of oxygen in the inhaled air, which makes people feel suffocated and suffocated.
3.3, high concentration of nitrogen can cause simple asphyxia, manifested as headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, chest pain, numbness of limbs, increased muscle tension, paroxysmal spasm, cyanosis, pupil contraction, weakened response to light and other crisis symptoms, severe cases of rapid coma, and even death;
3.4. Under high pressure, nitrogen can first cause decompression sickness. Secondly, when the partial pressure of nitrogen in the inhaled air exceeds 3.2ATA, nitrogen anesthesia can be produced, which mainly acts on the nervous system, leading to mental activity disorder and neuromuscular coordination disorder. This state is usually reversible;
3.5. In addition, liquid nitrogen has the effect of deep hypothermia, and even a small amount of skin contact can cause serious burns.
4. Emergency response
4. 1 Emergency reporting procedure
4. 1. 1 After the accident, the parties or witnesses should report to the office of the emergency command leading group in time, and the rescue team members can enter the scene of the accident after wearing air respirator, so that the asphyxiated personnel can leave the scene of the accident as soon as possible and strive for rescue time.
4. 1.2 If the factory emergency command leading group office receives the accident report first, it must first confirm the accident location and the number of injured people, and then quickly organize the members of the recent rescue team after confirmation, and organize effective rescue in strict accordance with the emergency rescue measures to avoid the accident from expanding.
4. 1.3 While organizing rescue, the office of the emergency command leading group of the factory shall, according to the accident occurrence and progress, notify the gas prevention station, the hospital, the leader of the command leading group, the company's safety management, environmental protection department, the company's production department, the company's logistics department, the security department and other relevant departments or personnel in turn.
4. 1.4 The office of the factory emergency command leading group shall arrange relevant personnel familiar with the regional distribution of the ironworks to meet the ambulance and other accident rescue teams at the eye-catching intersection of the factory.
4. 1.5 Before the safety department arrives at the scene of the accident, the office of the emergency command leading group of the factory should organize personnel to do a good job in the vigilance of the scene of the accident and the safe evacuation of relevant personnel.
4. 1.6 After receiving the report, the emergency department and relevant personnel should immediately rush to the scene of the accident.
4. 1.7 After the rescuers arrive at the scene of the accident, they should implement effective rescue according to emergency rescue measures on the premise of ensuring their own safety to avoid the accident from expanding.
4.2, emergency rescue
4.2. 1 The main symptoms of nitrogen poisoning are: headache, dizziness, chest tightness, fatigue, irritability, vomiting, abdominal pain and nausea; In severe cases, coma, unconsciousness, convulsions, incontinence, breathing and cardiac arrest occur.
4.2.2 Due to nitrogen poisoning, especially high-concentration nitrogen poisoning, the victims are hurt faster than gas, and the rescue is more difficult. Therefore, it is the premise of successful rescue to be able to find out in time and then race against time to effectively rescue the poisoned person.
4.2.3 If anyone is found to be poisoned by nitrogen, reliable measures should be taken immediately, and the poisoned person should be rescued from the dangerous area quickly on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescuers, and the poisoning degree of the victim should be judged. If the poisoned person's condition is mild, he can be given oxygen immediately and sent to the hospital for treatment immediately.
4.2.4 If the poisoned person has lost consciousness and his breathing and heartbeat have stopped, artificial respiration and cardiac compression should be carried out at the scene after the rescue in the dangerous area, and the medical staff should be sent to the hospital immediately for large-flow oxygen supply, and oxygen supply should not be stopped on the way to the hospital.
4.2.5 It should be noted that in the process of rescuing the poisoned person, the rescuer must take reliable protective measures before rescuing, otherwise it will lead to the expansion of the accident.
5 Prevention and control measures
5. 1, first stop using the container, open the vent hole for ventilation, reliably close all harmful gas sources, strictly implement the maintenance listing system, and hang up the maintenance signboard.
5.2. Before entering the container, oxygen, gas and other gases should be detected first. When testing, use a rope to put the detector in the dead corner at the bottom of the container for testing. Only after being qualified and filling in the Work Permit Confirmation Form can you work with oxygen detector and carbon monoxide detector.
5.3. When entering the container, you must wear a gas mask, fasten your seat belt, and strictly check its safety to meet the use requirements. At the same time, the necessary rescue equipment should be prepared at the scene for rescue.
5.4, designated persons on-site monitoring, on-site guardians are strictly prohibited to monitor the scene, and observe the situation at any time, report in time if any abnormality is found.
5.5. Install an axial fan at the manhole to blow air inward, and the bag-type dust collector will pump air outward at the lower manhole to keep the axial fan running normally. Never turn off the fan without the permission of the person in charge.
5.6, before entering the bag dust box, must test the gas and oxygen content qualified rear can enter the work.
5.7 After the maintenance, the principal, monitor and other personnel should check that there are no personnel and tools in the container, and fill in the confirmation form, and then the principal should issue an order to block the box.
What is the purpose of nitrogen?
Main uses of nitrogen:
1, compound manufacturing: the manufacture of chemical fertilizers, ammonia, nitric acid and other compounds;
2. Inert protection: inert protective medium, quick-frozen food;
3. Refrigerant: refrigerant and coolant crushed at low temperature;
4. Electronic industry: epitaxy, diffusion, chemical vapor deposition, ion implantation, plasma dry etching, photolithography, etc. In the electronics industry;
5. Reference material: used as reference gas, calibration gas, zero gas, balance gas, etc.
Extended data:
physical features
Nitrogen is a colorless and odorless gas under normal conditions, with a melting point of 63K, a boiling point of 77K and a critical temperature of 126K, which makes it difficult to liquefy. The solubility is very small. Under the atmospheric pressure of 283K, integrated water can dissolve 0.02 volume of nitrogen.
Nitrogen is a gas that is difficult to liquefy. Nitrogen will liquefy into colorless liquid at extremely low temperature, and white crystalline solid will be formed when the temperature is further lowered. In production, nitrogen is usually filled in black steel cylinders.
Because of its chemical inertness, nitrogen is often used as a protective gas, such as fruit, food and light bulb filling gas. In order to prevent some objects from being oxidized by oxygen when exposed to the air, filling nitrogen into the granary can keep the grain from mildew and germination for a long time. Liquid nitrogen can also be used as a deep refrigerant.
Baidu encyclopedia-nitrogen
What is the use of nitrogen?
The main uses of nitrogen are:
chemical synthesis
The main way for human beings to use nitrogen effectively is to synthesize ammonia, but it is very demanding. In recent years, people are trying to understand the mechanism of plant nitrogen fixation, and strive to simulate biological nitrogen fixation with chemical methods to realize the development and utilization of nitrogen resources in the air under mild conditions.
Other uses
Because of its chemical inertness, nitrogen is often used as a protective gas, such as fruit, food and light bulb filling gas. In order to prevent some objects from being oxidized by oxygen when exposed to the air, filling nitrogen into the granary can keep the grain from mildew and germination for a long time. Liquid nitrogen can also be used as a deep refrigerant. As a refrigerant, it is often used in hospital freckle, steamed stuffed bun and bean surgery, that is, frozen spots, steamed stuffed bun and beans, but it is easy to scar and is not recommended. High purity nitrogen is used as carrier gas for chromatograph and other instruments.
Extended data:
Matters needing attention in nitrogen operation, disposal and storage
Precautions for operation: closed operation. Closed operation to provide good natural ventilation. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. Prevent the gas in the workplace from leaking into the air. Lightly load and unload when handling, so as to prevent the cylinders and accessories from being damaged. Equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.
Precautions for storage: Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Stay away from fire and heat sources. The reservoir temperature should not exceed 30℃. The storage area should be equipped with emergency treatment equipment for leakage.
Baidu encyclopedia-nitrogen
What is the purpose of nitrogen?
Main uses of nitrogen:
1, compound manufacturing: the manufacture of chemical fertilizers, ammonia, nitric acid and other compounds;
2. Inert protection: inert protective medium, quick-frozen food; ?
3. Refrigerant: refrigerant and coolant crushed at low temperature;
4. Electronic industry: epitaxy, diffusion, chemical vapor deposition, ion implantation, plasma dry etching, photolithography, etc. In the electronics industry;
5. Reference material: used as reference gas, calibration gas, zero gas, balance gas, etc.
Extended data:
Nitrogen with the chemical formula N2 is usually a colorless and odorless gas, which is usually less dense than air. Nitrogen accounts for 78.08% of the total atmosphere and is one of the main components of air. At standard atmospheric pressure, nitrogen turns into colorless liquid when it is cooled to-195.8℃, and turns into snow-like solid when it is cooled to -209.8℃.
Nitrogen is chemically inactive and difficult to react with other substances at room temperature, so it is often used to make preservatives. But under the condition of high temperature and high energy, it can change chemically with some substances and make new substances useful to human beings.
Nitrogen is a colorless and odorless gas under normal conditions, with a melting point of 63K, a boiling point of 77K and a critical temperature of 126K, which makes it difficult to liquefy. The solubility is very small. Under the atmospheric pressure of 283K, integrated water can dissolve 0.02 volume of nitrogen. Nitrogen is a gas that is difficult to liquefy. Nitrogen will liquefy into colorless liquid at extremely low temperature, and white crystalline solid will be formed when the temperature is further lowered.
Because of its chemical inertness, nitrogen is often used as a protective gas, such as fruit, food and light bulb filling gas. In order to prevent some objects from being oxidized by oxygen when exposed to the air, filling nitrogen into the granary can keep the grain from mildew and germination for a long time. Liquid nitrogen can also be used as a deep refrigerant.
As a refrigerant, it is often used in hospital freckle, steamed stuffed bun and bean surgery, that is, frozen spots, steamed stuffed bun and beans, but it is easy to scar and is not recommended. High purity nitrogen is used as carrier gas for chromatograph and other instruments. Used as protective gas for bright annealing of copper tubes. Used as laser gas of laser cutting machine together with high-purity helium and high-purity carbon dioxide.
Nitrogen is also used as a protective gas for food preservation. In chemical industry, nitrogen is mainly used as protective gas, displacement gas, washing gas and safety gas. Used as protective gas for aluminum products, aluminum profile processing, aluminum thin rolling, etc. Used as shielding gas for reflow soldering and wave soldering to improve welding quality. Used as protective gas in float glass production to prevent tin bath oxidation.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-nitrogen