2. Service areas:
The service field of mechanical engineering is broad and multifaceted. All departments that use machinery and tools, as well as energy and material production, need mechanical engineering services. Generally speaking, modern mechanical engineering has five major service areas.
Develop and provide energy conversion machinery, including various power machinery that converts thermal energy, chemical energy, atomic energy, electric energy, fluid pressure energy and natural mechanical energy into mechanical energy suitable for application, and energy conversion machinery that converts mechanical energy into other required energy (electric energy, thermal energy, fluid pressure energy, potential energy, etc.). ).
Develop and provide machinery for producing various products, including agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery machinery and mining machinery used in the primary industry, as well as various heavy industry machinery and light industry machinery used in the secondary industry.
Develop and provide machinery engaged in various services, including transportation machinery, material handling machinery, office machinery, medical equipment, ventilation, heating and air conditioning equipment, dust removal, purification, noise elimination and other environmental protection equipment.
Develop and provide machinery for family and personal life, such as washing machines, refrigerators, clocks, cameras, sports equipment, etc.
Develop and supply all kinds of mechanical weapons.
Work content:
No matter what field you serve, the work content of mechanical engineering is basically the same, which can be divided into six aspects according to the nature of the work.
Establish and develop engineering theoretical basis that can be directly applied to mechanical engineering. This aspect mainly includes: engineering mechanics and fluid mechanics, which study force and motion; Engineering materials science studies the properties and applications of metal and nonmetal materials; Mechanics of materials, which studies the stress and strain of materials under the action of external forces; Combustion, heat transfer and thermodynamics, studying the generation, conduction and transformation of thermal energy; Study the tribology of friction, wear and lubrication; Study the mechanism of relative motion between components in machinery; Learn the working principle, structure, design and calculation of various mechanical parts with independent functions, mechanical principles and mechanical parts science; Learn metal technology and nonmetal technology in metal and nonmetal forming and cutting.
Research, design and develop new mechanical products, constantly improve existing mechanical products, and produce a new generation of mechanical products to meet current and future needs. This aspect includes: investigating and forecasting the new demand of society for mechanical products; Explore and apply new theories, technologies, materials and processes in mechanical engineering and other engineering technologies, and conduct necessary new product testing, trial production, improvement, evaluation, identification and finalization; Analyze the shortcomings, problems and faults of the machinery being tried and officially used, and seek solutions.
Production of mechanical products. Including: planning and implementation of production facilities; Production planning and production scheduling; Prepare and implement manufacturing process; Design and manufacture tools and molds; Determine the labor quota and material quota; Organize processing, assembly, debugging, packaging and shipment; Effectively control product quality.
Operation and management of machinery manufacturing enterprises. Generally speaking, machinery is a complex product assembled by many precision parts through unique molding and processing technology. Production batches include single piece and small batch, medium batch and large batch, and they are mass production. The sales target covers all industries, individuals and families, and the sales volume may fluctuate greatly due to social and economic conditions. Therefore, the management and operation of machinery manufacturing enterprises are particularly complicated and difficult. The research on production management, planning and operation of enterprises also began in the machinery industry. Production engineering and industrial engineering were both branches of mechanical engineering before they became independent disciplines.
Application of mechanical products. This includes the selection, ordering, acceptance, installation, adjustment, operation, maintenance, repair and transformation of machinery and complete sets of machinery and equipment used in various industries to ensure the reliability and economy of mechanical products in long-term use.
This paper studies the environmental pollution and excessive consumption of natural resources caused by mechanical products in the manufacturing process, especially in the use process, and its control measures. This is a particularly important task of modern mechanical engineering, and its importance is increasing day by day.