2. when the basic knowledge of nurses
basic knowledge of oral nurses 1. oral care general knowledge is what ah
Teeth for everyone is a very important role, as long as healthy white teeth not only allow us to eat food flavorful, and will make people smile more excellent, and more importantly is to increase a person's confidence. The first thing you need to do is to get a good look at your teeth, and you will be able to see them.
So how do we care for our own mouth, here I will give you a few oral care common sense. Steps / methods of brushing time should not be less than 2 minutes, at least twice a day, every three months to change the toothbrush.
Oral cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. People often ignore oral lumps or blisters, which can lead to serious problems like oral cancer.
So no matter how small those signs are, seek medical attention as soon as you notice them. Exercise can also cause dental problems.
Strenuous exercise can lead to dehydration, which weakens the saliva's ability to prevent oral disease. This increases the risk of tooth decay and bacteria buildup.
The mouth signals whole-body health. The mouth affects every other part of the body.
If there are problems with the gums, the prevalence of heart disease is four times higher. If the first molars are relatively short and painful at times, it indicates digestive problems.
Discontinue painkillers before a dental visit. Some people take medications like aspirin regularly, but it can cause you to bleed profusely during a tooth extraction.
Bleeding gums are serious. Bleeding gums are a sign of inflammation, and it's likely that you've developed an infection.
Eating sweets doesn't necessarily lead to tooth decay. Eating sweets isn't too much of a problem as long as you clean them in a timely manner.
And, a balanced diet is the key to a healthy smile. For example, skipping meals often leads to an overly acidic mouth, causing cavities and gum problems.
The tongue also has health codes. A bright red tip of the tongue indicates a possible thyroid or heart problem: a yellowish-green tongue is a liver or gallbladder problem: a slightly grayish-brown color is usually associated with digestive disorders.
2. What's common sense about taking care of your mouth
1.
Brush your teeth for no less than 2 minutes. Brush your teeth for at least 2 minutes, at least twice a day, and change your toothbrush every three months.
2. Oral cancer is one of the deadliest cancers.
Often people ignore lumps or blisters in the mouth, which can lead to serious problems like oral cancer. Therefore, no matter how small those signs are, seek medical attention as soon as you notice them.
3. Wipe off your lipstick or lip balm before seeing a doctor.
Otherwise, it will rub off on the doctor's gloves, or even stain the teeth and gums, affecting the doctor's ability to identify the color and diagnose. 4.
Exercise can also cause dental problems. Strenuous exercise can lead to dehydration, weakening the saliva's ability to prevent oral disease.
This increases the risk of tooth decay and bacterial buildup. And many sports drinks contain unexpected sugars and acids that may damage your tooth enamel.
5. The mouth predicts general health.
The mouth affects every other part of the body. If you have problems with your gums, you are four times more likely to have heart disease.
If the first molars are relatively short and painful from time to time, it indicates digestive problems. 6.
Stop taking painkillers before your dental appointment. Some people take medications such as aspirin regularly, but it can make you bleed profusely during an extraction.
7. Bleeding gums are bad.
Bleeding gums are a sign of inflammation, and it's likely that you have an infection. 8.
Not all abrasives contained in toothpaste are harmful. Many people believe that the abrasives in toothpaste can damage their teeth.
In fact, the opposite is true: toothpaste contains soft abrasives like anhydrous silicic acid and papain that polish and whiten teeth. 9.
Eating sugar does not necessarily lead to tooth decay. Eating sweets isn't much of a problem as long as you clean them in time.
And, a balanced diet is the key to a healthy smile. For example, often skipping meals can lead to an overly acidic mouth, causing cavities and gum problems.
10. The tongue also has a health code.
A bright red tongue indicates a possible thyroid or heart problem; a yellowish-green tongue is a liver or gallbladder problem; and a slightly grayish-brown color is usually associated with digestive disorders.
3. What do you need to pay attention to in daily oral care
First of all, brushing every day, flossing and tongue brushing after brushing, and regular oral checkups and teeth cleaning.
The items used in oral care need to be sterilized before they can be used by the patient, abide by the principle of aseptic operation, and operate gently and meticulously to maintain the integrity of the oral membrane and avoid unnecessary damage.
The cotton ball must be clamped to prevent it from being left in the patient's mouth. And pay attention to the cotton ball is not too wet, so as to avoid the solution is inhaled into the respiratory tract.
When doing oral care, pay attention to observe the changes of the oral fusion membrane, such as whether there is congestion, inflammation, erosion, ulceration, swelling and abnormal changes in the color of the tongue. References: ground dog dental materials and equipment network, for reference
4. Stomatology nurse
I. Stomatology nurses should have the professional qualities
(1) to the patient should have a high sense of responsibility and compassion. Patients into the clinic, should take the initiative to warmly welcome, guide the patient to the seat, adjust the chair, light, according to the treatment needs to quickly prepare the required instruments and materials, and has been taken good X-ray film.
(2) Familiar with the professional knowledge. You must be familiar with the causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of common and frequent diseases in this department to facilitate active cooperation and participation in the treatment, and be able to teach preventive health care knowledge to patients at any time.
(3) Familiar with the performance, operation steps, precautions and maintenance knowledge of modern dental medical equipment and instruments.
(4) Carefully study the knowledge of four-handed operation. Combined with the characteristics of each specialty, proficient in four-handed operation skills, really achieve high
efficiency and high quality for the physician and patient services.
Second, dental nurses should have the basic knowledge of dentistry
(1) hospital infection control knowledge
(2) health care regulations
(3) medical crisis management
(4) service etiquette
(5) Introduction to oral anatomy
(6) Introduction to oral histology
p> (7) Dental Morphology and Occlusal Physiology
(8) Common Oral Diseases
(9) Common Dental Diseases
(10) Introduction to Preventive Dentistry
(11) Contents and Methods of Oral Health Education
(12) Usage and Maintenance of Commonly Used Dental Equipment
III. Theoretical Knowledge
2. To master the mechanism of the occurrence of common symptoms of oral diseases such as toothache, gingival bleeding, dental caries, pulpitis and apical periodontitis, periodontal disease, oral mucosal disease, dental defects and other key points of care.
3. Master the mechanism of the occurrence of common symptoms of oral medicine, prosthetics, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, implant dentures, maxillofacial surgical diseases and points of care.
IV. Nursing Skills
Primary Nurse
1. Understand the common instruments used in the dental clinic, such as: various types of cavity preparation needle, spatula, cushioning material, glass plate, metal mixing knife, water portal filling device, etc. Name, use and sterilization disposal.
2. Knowledge of amalgam filling instruments, resin filling instruments, inactivation instruments, pulp capping instruments, and pulp extraction instruments.
3. Familiarize with the use and care of orthodontic patients with movable and fixed orthodontic appliances.
4. Be familiar with the characteristics of modeling techniques and model revision techniques as applied in specialty care.
When the basic general knowledge of nurses 1. Essential points of nursing basics
The formation of nursing: 1, early human nursing - medical witch is not differentiated 2, medieval nursing - hospitals were created by the nuns, 3, Renaissance - became an independent and noble profession, 4, the Reformation - the Dark Ages; The basic tasks of nursing: to alleviate pain, to prevent disease, to restore health. Promote health The physical environment of the hospital; space, temperature, humidity, ventilation, light, sound, decoration; where the distance between the beds shall not be less than one meter between the beds should be surrounded by curtains to cover up when necessary.
The temperature of the general hospital room is 18~22, and the temperature of the hospital room for newborns and the elderly should be maintained at 22~24. The humidity of the hospital room is 50%~60%.
Open the window for 30 minutes to achieve the purpose of replacing indoor air. The ideal noise intensity in the hospital during the day should be maintained at 35~45 decibels. Nursing staff should do "four light" that is to say light, walk light, operate light, open and close the door light.
The operating room should be decorated in green or blue to give patients a sense of quiet trust! Hospital interpersonal relationships are: nurse-patient relationship, patient relationship, the relationship between the patient and other personnel. Patient bed unit refers to the hospitalization during the medical institutions to supply the patient with the use of furniture and equipment it is the patient's rest, sleep, diet and excretion activities and treatment of the most basic unit of life.
The bed-making method has a spare bed, temporary empty bed, anesthesia bed, bedridden patient bed organization, in the operation of moving the bedside table about 20 cm, bedside chair 15 cm. Nursing admission patient admission procedures: admission procedures, the implementation of health disposal, escorting patients into the hospital area. General patient care after admission: prepare the bed unit, meet new patients, measure the patient's temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and weight, when necessary, measure height and record, notify the doctor to visit the patient, if necessary, to assist in physical examination or treatment, fill out the admission case and the relevant nursing forms (fill out the inpatient cases page by page in the eyebrow column and a variety of forms, with a red pen, in the temperature list between the corresponding day of admission and the time of admission to the column of the vertical writing admission time) Record the first basic vital signs and height and weight to fill out the admission registration card diagnostic card bedside card), make a good introduction and guidance, according to the doctor's orders to implement the treatment and care measures, admission nursing assessment.
Nursing care for emergency patients after admission to the hospital; prepare bed units, prepare first aid items and medicines, cooperate with the resuscitation, and temporarily stay with the accompanying personnel Classified care; according to the severity of the condition and the patient's ability to take care of themselves, the different levels of nursing care are divided into four levels, that is, special nursing care, first-class nursing care, second-class nursing care, and tertiary nursing care. The nursing object of special care; the patient's condition is critical and needs to be observed at any time for resuscitation.
(Such as severe trauma complex and difficult major surgery after organ transplantation, large area burns and serious internal diseases.) The content of nursing; arrange special 24-hour care, closely observe the condition and vital signs changes, develop a nursing plan, strictly implement the diagnosis and treatment and nursing measures, timely and accurately fill in the special nursing records, ready for first aid drugs and medicines, do a good job of basic care, and prevent complications to ensure that the patient's safety.
First-class care; applicable object; the patient's condition is critical and needs absolute rest. (such as a variety of major surgery, shock, coma, paralysis, high fever, hemorrhage, hepatic and renal failure and preterm infants, etc.) Nursing content; every 15-30 minutes to visit the patient to observe the condition and changes in vital signs; the development of nursing plans, the strict implementation of all diagnostic and treatment and nursing care measures, fill out the special care records timely and accurately; do a good job of basic nursing care to prevent complications, to meet the patient's physical and mental needs.
Secondary care, applicable to the object; the patient's condition is more serious, life can not take care of themselves, (such as major surgery after the stabilization of the condition, as well as the elderly and frail, chronic disease is not easy to do more activities, young children, etc.) Nursing content; every 1 ~ 2 hours to visit the patient to observe the condition; according to the nursing routine nursing care: to give the necessary life and heart support to meet the patient's physical and mental needs. Tertiary care, the applicable object; the patient's condition is mild, life can basically take care of themselves.
(such as general chronic diseases, disease recovery and choose the preparatory stage before surgery, etc.) Nursing content: visit the patient twice a day to observe the condition; according to the nursing routine care; to give health care guidance, urge patients to comply with the hospital rules, to meet the physical and mental needs of patients. Chapter 4 Comfort and Safety Comfort; is a sense of self that the individual is in a relaxed, satisfied, comfortable, no anxiety, no pain, healthy, peaceful state.
Uncomfortable; the individual is physically and mentally unsound or defective, physiological and psychological needs can not be fully satisfied a sense of self, pain is the most serious form of manifestation of discomfort. Principles of nursing care for uncomfortable patients; prevention as the mainstay, promote patient comfort; strengthen observation, timely discovery of the causes of discomfort; take effective measures to eliminate or alleviate discomfort; mutual trust, give psychological support.
Reclining position; classification of recumbent position; active recumbent position, passive recumbent position and forced recumbent position. Change *** at least every two hours.
Commonly used lying position; supine position (supine position to the pillow ~ anesthesia patients; concave position ~ shock patients; bent knee supine position ~ abdominal examination, catheterization of patients;), lateral position (***, *** examination and with the gastroscope, enteroscopy, intramuscular injection, prevention of pressure ulcers), semi-sedentary position (face and neck surgery patients, cardiopulmonary diseases caused by dyspnea patients, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic surgery patients with inflammation, patients recovering from surgery), semi-sitting position (face and neck surgery patients, cardiopulmonary diseases caused by respiratory difficulties, chest, abdominal and pelvic surgery). Sitting position (patients with heart failure, pericardial effusion, bronchial asthma attacks), prone position (lumbar back examination or with cholangiopancreatography, spinal surgery, abdominal pain caused by gastrointestinal distension), head-low-feet-high position (drainage of pulmonary secretions, duodenal drainage, premature rupture of membranes in pregnancy, heel and tibial tubercle traction), head-high-feet-high position (patients with cervical spine fracture), head-high-feet-high position (patients with cervical spine fracture), head-high-feet-high position (patients with cervical spine fracture), head-high-feet-high position (patients with cervical spine fracture) Low position (cranial traction for patients with cervical spine fracture, counter-traction, prevention of cerebral edema, patients after cranio-cerebral surgery), knee-chest position (***, rectal, sigmoidoscopy, correction of fetal malposition or uterine anterior tilt, promotion of post-partum uterine recovery), truncal position (examination of the perineum *** part of the perineum, maternal labor and delivery) Concept of pain; refers to the subjective sensation accompanied by the existing or potential tissue damage is the body's response to a harmful defense *** a form of pain. (Harmful ***) Characteristics of pain 1. Pain is a warning of danger to the individual of aggression; 2. Pain is a feeling of physical and mental discomfort; 3. Pain is often accompanied by physical, behavioral, and emotional responses. Nursing assessment of pain; what to assess; site of pain, duration of pain, nature of pain, magnitude of pain, expression of pain . The World Health Organization divides pain into four levels, which are; level 0, painless;.
2. What are the most basic basic knowledge to be mastered as a nurse
The most basic basic knowledge to be mastered by nurses are the following five:
First, a certain degree of cultural cultivation, nursing theory and knowledge of the humanities, as well as participation in the basic knowledge of nursing education and nursing research. Competent nursing work, and the courage to study business technology, to maintain a high level of care.
II. Strong nursing skills and the ability to apply the working methods of the nursing program to solve existing or potential health problems of patients.
Third, a healthy mind, cheerful, stable emotions, tolerance and open-mindedness, robust physical fitness. Work style is rigorous and subtle, proactive, decisive, agile and pragmatic.
Fourth, pay attention to civilized manners, standardized terminology, amiable attitude, steady and dignified, neat clothing, generous instrument.
Fifth, have good medical ethics, integrity and public service. Do not do unlawful operation against moral conscience or disloyal work to maintain the reputation of the profession.
Extended Information:
The nurse's work content:
1, can not violate the rules and regulations of the operation, labor insurance wear neatly, the implementation of basic and specialized nursing routines, nursing technical operation procedures and related rules and regulations.
2, to assist the doctor to do a good job on the patients and their families of consultation, counseling, reception and treatment. The patient should have a high degree of sympathy, considerate and loving, active and enthusiastic, friendly expression, speak gently, work patiently and meticulously, ask questions and answer them, do not argue with the patient.
3, the implementation of medical advice and nursing technical operations. Pay attention to patrol, observe the condition and infusion situation, find abnormalities timely report to the physician; to assist in the treatment of new, surgical, emergency, critical patients; responsible for blood preparation, blood, escorting critically ill patients out of the examination.
4, regular in-depth ward and patient communication, in order to obtain information about the patient's condition, to understand the patient's concerns, to solve the patient's problems in a timely manner, to give psychological support and humanistic care.
5, to strengthen the medical and nursing new knowledge of learning, focusing on learning the relevant knowledge of the room. Each patient's condition of the room medication treatment know as well as in the treatment and care check, to do a good job. Once the error, can be found early, accurate judgment.
6, responsible for the management of medical documents and goods, do a good job of inventory handover of goods. After work, do a good job of cleaning and hygiene and the next day's work in advance, to maintain a clean and beautiful working environment. Timely reporting, reflecting the views of patients on hospital services and requirements, and make records.
References:
3. Basic knowledge that nurses need to master
Nurse qualification requirements:
1, full-time 3 years of nursing, midwifery professional course of study.
2, including the completion of more than 8 months of nursing clinical internship in teaching, general hospitals, and obtain the appropriate academic certificate, you can apply for the nurse licensing examination.
The subjects of the examination are: "Professional Practice", "Practical Ability"
Among the examination content contains:
1, "Professional Practice": the examination content involves medical knowledge related to health and disease, basic nursing and skills, and the ability to use the clinical application of social and humanistic knowledge related to nursing.
2, "Practice Competence": the examination involves the clinical manifestations of disease, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures and nursing expertise, health education and other knowledge of the clinical application.
You have to master the knowledge of basic nursing, pediatric nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing, etc. are often examined Oh.
4. What are the basic knowledge of nurses ah
Drug delivery nurse should have the conditions:
(1) master the basic knowledge of drugs: including pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic knowledge.
(2) Master the correct method of drug administration, skills, and strict compliance with the principle of safe drug use.
(3) Strict medication management to protect the rights of the user and ensure safety and comfort.
(4) Familiarize themselves with the patient's condition, the purpose of the medication, and observe the reaction to the medication.
(5) Be responsible, question medical advice in case of doubt, and refuse to provide unsafe drugs.
Strictly abide by the principle of safe drug administration, according to the doctor's orders to give drugs, pay attention to the observation of the condition and efficacy of the drug therapy nurses should be:
(1) the patient's side: familiar with the condition, clear the purpose of the drug, pay attention to the observation of the response to the use of drugs.
(2) Drugs: familiar with the dose, efficacy, adverse effects and contraindications of the drugs commonly used in the ward.
(3) Strictly according to the doctor's orders to give drugs.
Strict implementation of the checking system, in case of doubt should be verified clearly before implementation. The first step in the process is to check that the patient's condition is correct and that the patient's condition is correct and that the patient's condition is correct. Seven pairs: bed number, name, drug name, concentration, dose, method, time.
5. Nurses must know the general knowledge
To help you look around 貌似这个比较符合你的要求 1.2 Emergency nurses should have the ability to respond to emergencies One of the characteristics of emergency is the onset of the patient's acute, rapid changes, critical condition, mostly due to traffic accidents, accidental injuries, sudden onset of disease. Therefore, time is life, must respond quickly, scramble for time, deal with timely, in order to save the patient's life to fight for time.
1.3 Emergency nurses should have good language skills Emergency rescue often includes pre-hospital rescue and in-hospital emergency, so its work scope is large, the service population is complex, involves a lot of related departments, and requires a lot of coordination work. And the situation is very urgent, so the emergency department nurses must have good language expression ability and communication ability, in order to coordinate and organize the large-scale rescue and accident handling.
2 Emergency nurses should have the quality
2.1 Physical quality The work of the emergency department has a great responsibility, heavy tasks, randomness, poor conditions of the emergency environment, and high physical intensity. In dealing with large car accidents and other accidents, critical patients are often involved in the handling of patients, requiring strong physical strength, and at the same time, because of the rescue of patients sometimes need a long time to fight, so there is no strong body, there is no way to talk about doing a good job in emergency rescue work.
2.2 Political quality Emergency patients are often some of the sudden, often no family or accompanied, in the process of rescue, observation of the patient, many times only one nurse is present; there are some patients with no money and no master, this time we need to be a nurse to a large extent a kind of dedication. Therefore, the emergency nurses must have a high political quality and moral cultivation, good medical ethics and medical style, have a noble state of mind, have a good spirit of prudence, with full enthusiasm to serve the patients. Not caring about personal gains and losses, the patient's life above all. The interests of the patient, the interests of the hospital as a priority.
2.3 Business quality Emergency patients are often fierce, urgent situation, so we need our medical staff to have a superb, skillful rescue skills; able to react keenly, skillful operation, cooperate with the tacit understanding, organized; have a more accurate foresight. Therefore, the emergency department nurses must constantly strengthen the business skills learning, training, to adhere to the old, learn the old, all work must be "stable, accurate, fast", in order to scramble for the momentum, and strive to improve the quality of medical care and the level of resuscitation. Skilled in the basic knowledge and skills of pre-hospital emergency care, skilled in the use of rescue equipment and custody; skilled in the role of commonly used rescue drugs, usage and precautions, strong communication skills and techniques.
In short, the emergency department nurses must have good personal training, to have "people-oriented" service concept; to have the spirit of selfless dedication, to have all for the patient, all for the sake of the idea of life; to have no fear of hard work, no fear of fatigue and the patient's safety above all the professional ethics.
6. As a nurse must know the common sense of what
three check eight on the most important, communication attitude to pay attention to, speak with the right words, treat the young people to sweet mouth, treat the elderly to be patient, treat the children to encourage.
The eyes, children, mouths, hands and feet need to be diligent. If there is a condensed question more checking, do not understand the problem must ask for advice.
The operation technique should be practiced more, after the operation should be checked again, the critically ill patients should be observed more, the issue of medicine, injection is not anxious, the oral medical advice must be repeated, the knowledge of first aid must be remembered, the record writing should be clear. These are the experience I have gained from my internship, although not too comprehensive, but what you do your mouth will speak to their own help is very big, no matter what you do three check eight on your serious, generally will not be a problem, the patient's condensation ask yourself will not be sure to check the doctor's orders, ask for advice.
Don't be so stressed, I believe you can do well.
This is the first time I've ever seen a woman in a hospital.