Budget this thing, originally is a skilled labor. I do not memorize the quota, open the quota to see, but also can make the budget. There is a good thing about memorizing quotas, when the leader asks, when you can answer immediately.
The budget is money, finance is also money, but the biggest difference between the two is: finance can not have a penny difference, the budget can have a very big difference. It is generally believed that 3-5% or less is accurate. The same drawings of the same do three times the budget, the total cost must be different.
What is a high level of budget? Budget level is not necessarily high, the calculation of the volume of work may appear a big joke. Where is he high? Practical experience.
How to accumulate experience? Individuals have individual practices. Practical operation is essential.
The actual operation process, the main thing is to memorize the quota calculation rules. After that, the thing is to find the law, and then use EXCEL tabulation, automatic calculation. Every time I do the budget, is based on different projects to make different tables, and then enter the basic data, that is, the wall center line, the net length of the external wall line, the net length of the internal wall line, etc.. For example, when calculating the quantity of a room, I only need to input the net length line of the interior wall, the size of the door and window, and the net height of the room and then I can automatically calculate the quantity of the interior wall paint, the floor, and the ceiling. This is a trick to improve the calculation speed and accuracy. Of course, some small places may not be considered, it does not matter, the budget amount of work was not required to be 100% accurate.
How to write tender documents. Bidding documents written good or bad, directly related to the effect of settlement. Writing tender documents, there are many templates can be utilized. But pay attention to the nature of the project, geological conditions, site traffic conditions should be described clearly.
In addition, the project should be carefully considered, the possible situation should be written into the tender documents, especially mechanical and electrical works and decoration works, must be written into the equipment and material requirements. For the construction phase of the requirements of the change situation should also be written. For example, what kind of change does not count experience negotiation, how much change does not count negotiation. The most important point is the description of the qualification of the construction unit, which is very important. It is very important to describe the qualification of the constructor, because many changes can be taken into account by such a qualified constructor without economic negotiation. Other issues, remember, do not copy the template, be sure to read every word, think about every word.
Construction drawing budget
1, the basic concept of construction drawing budget
A ...... Construction drawing budget ................. [/ft] is by the design unit in the construction drawings design is completed, according to the construction drawings design drawings, the current budget quota, cost quota and regional equipment, materials, labor, construction machinery bench and other budget prices to prepare and determine the construction and installation project cost of the document.
Two ..................... The role of construction drawings budget
In the socialist market economy, the main role of the construction drawings budget is:
(1) construction drawings budget is an important link in the design stage of the control of the project cost, is to control the construction drawings design does not break through the design estimates of the important measures.
(2) construction drawing budget is the basis for preparing or adjusting the fixed asset investment plan.
(3) for the implementation of construction bidding project does not belong to the "list of specifications" provisions of the implementation of the scope of the available construction drawings can be used as a basis for the preparation of the bidding budget, at this time it is the contracting company bidding for the basis of the offer.
(4) for the implementation of the project is not suitable for bidding and the use of construction drawings budget plus adjustment price settlement, construction drawings budget can be used as a basis for determining the contract price or as a basis for reviewing the construction drawings budget proposed by the construction enterprise.
Three .................... The content of the construction drawings budget
Construction drawings budget has a unit project budget, individual project budget and the total budget of the construction project. Unit project budget is based on the construction design documents, the current budget quota; cost quota and labor, materials, equipment, machinery and other budget price information, in a certain way, the preparation of the unit project construction budget; and then summarize all the unit project construction budget, to become a single project construction budget; and then summarize all the single project construction budget is a construction project construction and installation works. Total budget.
Generally summarized to the single project construction budget.
To engage in the budget first have to understand the map, so to have an in-depth understanding of the drawings, which do the construction of the post of the data industry is also a form of professional qualifications! The first thing you need to do is to get a good understanding of the construction of the building.
Look at the drawings + familiar with the quota + experience
Look at the drawings refers to the combination of construction to see, to do a see the drawings drawn on the thing at least know the construction process of this thing, so you will know what this thing contains, counting the time to be accurate!
So don't be bored in the office to see the drawings, be sure to go down to the site, and familiar with the quota is to know what each quota subheading and the scope of application of this subheading, as well as the difference between similar subheadings. Of course, mastering the quota calculation rules and instructions is a must!
Accumulation of experience will have to pay attention to their own, and then each do a project, do to analyze! Learn more from others!
(VII) ~ the devil's tricks & lt; FYI & gt;
1. Read the relevant documents of the project, select the appropriate software. No software, you have to use a spreadsheet to set up their own formula to do.
2. Familiar with the project's construction organization design, pricing rules, costing standards.
3. According to the list, familiar with the quota, check the amount of work and decomposition of the amount of work.
4. According to the project's region is extremely nature, select the appropriate rate.
5. The list of items according to the process of applying the quota, pay attention to the conversion of units.
6. Enter the price of the ground material required for the project.
7. Calculate the unit price.
8. Fill in the relevant forms, preparation instructions, etc.. Reasonable use of unbalanced quotes.
Software
Budgeting must first learn to hand-calculate, and then learn to use the software
(a) the volume of work set price software and volume calculation software
1. Volume of work set price: the value of the workload calculated according to the existing workload
2. Volume of work calculation: according to the graphic or formula to calculate the amount of work (the two do not contradict each other, is a bidding offer of the two steps. )
(ii). Calculation software
Decoration of the amount of calculation, so far, there is no good software, set price is there. Calculate the amount of software is to draw, draw the building in, (CAD) so the amount of software to calculate the structure of the project is very convenient, while the decoration project is very complicated, paint, small components and so on, there is no way to use the software to get, even if you get out of it is not permitted, not as good as the hand calculator. Regarding the set price software, it is the principle that you put the amount of work and project code into it, he can automatically for you to make the settlement documents or tender.
(iii). Settlement
1, collect information. The main thing is to do a good job of as-built drawings, organize contact sheets and visa sheets, carefully study the contract and agreement.
2. Calculate the quantity of work (including additions and deletions), and calculate the quantity of work according to the contract and the provisions of the quota.
3, set price (list of works set price to be classified before the project fee), do a good job of material difference calculation, list of perhaps according to the contract, apply the contract list unit price.
4, list of works calculated measures and other costs.
5, according to the provisions of the fee, the list of works without this.
6, according to the provisions of the tax, the list of works in the tax before taking fees.
7, totaling all the items total price, the total civil engineering settlement price of a single project.
8, some projects need to make a claim, good example of the reasons for the claim, calculate the cost of claim.
(D) installation project budget process:
1, carefully look at the bidding documents and budget drawings to see if there are any omissions in the list of items, to know what is to be done to the construction side, which is the construction side of the separate subcontracts, which are the main materials for the supply of the A, which materials are the A recognized the quality and price of the A. The construction of the construction of the project, which is the main materials for the supply of the A, which materials are the A recognized the quality and price of the A. The tender documents and the budget drawings exist in the project. Questions about the bidding documents and drawings (such as the list of omissions, the amount of work is too different, etc.) to the A side, but also get a written answer.
2, calculating the amount of work, calculating the project is in accordance with the list of specifications and the rules of the fixed amount of calculation, according to the floor from bottom to top, so as not to miss the floor, it is best to calculate according to the order of the books and chapters of the fixed amount of the order of the order of the book, so that it will have a sense of organization.
3, on the machine set price, according to the provisions of the quota set price. 4, according to the provisions of the fixed amount of fees, generally divided into one, two, three, three categories.
5, enter the unit price of the main material. 6, calculate the cost of measures. 7, labor cost adjustment. 8, calculate the fees. 9, calculate taxes. 10, calculate the total price.
(E) civil construction is mainly counting the frame, counting steel, concrete, touch plate ........................... Normative quota set price
Decorative budget is mainly counting materials, the project is relatively small, are list offer set price ........ There is no standardized quota
General iron components, refers to railings, ladders, buried iron, roof racks, etc.; set price in accordance with the metal structure components assembly, installation.
Lightweight steel frame, wall thickness also has more than 10mm plate, but the set price is still basically the same. Are calculated according to the weight.