Abstract: The homemade fish tank filter is a water purification and oxygenation device used in fish farming equipment. Its purpose is to remove feces and other dirt in the water and keep the water clear, with sufficient oxygen, no harmful substances, and no pollution. , suitable for the growth of fish. Only with a good filtration device in the fish tank can you raise the fish well and change the water less. So, what are the pros and cons of homemade fish tank filters? Barrel-type external filters are generally closed barrel-type filters placed outside the fish tank container. Different filter materials can be placed according to different needs to achieve different filtration effects. The advantages are that it does not take up space, is beautiful, has low noise, can be placed with more filter villages, and has good filtering effect. Let’s take a look at the relevant knowledge about homemade fish tank filters! 1. Introduction to fish tank filters
Filtration methods
The main filtration methods include: physical filtration, biological filtration, chemical filtration, etc.
Types of filters
There are many types of filters, such as: gas-lift biochemical cotton filters, barrel-type external filters, aquarium top filters, filters with shapes fish tank filters, etc.
2. Advantages and disadvantages of homemade fish tank filters
1. Gas lift biochemical cotton filter
Suck the biochemical cotton to the bottom and connect it to the air pump or water pump , relying on the flow of gas in the water to drive the water flow to circulate in the biochemical cotton. Organic substances such as residual bait and biological excrement in the water can be adsorbed on the sponge surface.
Advantages: simple structure, low unit price, can be directly put into the fish tank water for use.
Disadvantages: The filtration principle is simple and the effect is poor. The biochemical cotton needs to be cleaned frequently and it will affect the viewing when placed in the fish tank. It is suitable for excessive use in small fish tanks during the breeding period and isolation treatment period, but it has little effect when the water quality is too dirty.
2. Barrel-type external filter
Generally, the closed barrel-type filter is placed outside the fish tank container. Different filter materials can be placed according to different needs to achieve different filtration effects.
Advantages: Does not take up space, is beautiful, has low noise, can place more filter villages, and has good filtering effect.
Disadvantages: Cleaning is troublesome, the price is relatively expensive, and it is only suitable for use in larger fish tanks.
3. The aquarium top filter
is a filtering device placed on the top of the aquarium. The water in the aquarium is pumped into the filter box with a filter layer placed through a small water pump. The water flows through the filter layer and back into the aquarium, thereby removing impurities contained in the water and purifying the water quality.
Advantages: It can make full use of the space on the top of the aquarium, and it is convenient for daily maintenance and cleaning.
Disadvantages: Placing a filter device on the top of the fish tank affects viewing from top to bottom and is not suitable for raising back-viewing fish.
4. Fish tank filter with shape
A multi-functional filter device that adopts emerging technologies such as invisible filtration device and ecological-like principle. It comprehensively uses ecological-like filtration principle internally and externally. The beautiful shape can be used to decorate the fish tank and can be placed directly on the bottom of the fish tank for use.
Advantages: Beautiful appearance, in addition to filtering and oxygenating, it can also decorate the fish tank, does not affect the viewing, uses the principle of imitating ecological filtration, has good filtration effect, and can extend the water change time to the maximum time; simple and convenient to use, just place it directly The bottom of the fish tank.
Disadvantages: The volume is not easy to be too large, so it is not suitable for large fish tanks.
3. What is the principle of the filter?
The filter must have two or more filtration methods: physical filtration, biochemical filtration, and chemical filtration
Physical filtration: It uses mechanical means to separate larger particles from the water. Such as remaining feed pellets, dead fish bones, fish excrement, secretions, vomitus, body surface mucus, etc. Generally, sponges, spray cotton, fine-mesh nylon nets, palm leaf fibers, etc. are used. It is usually set at the initial end of the filtration system for easy cleaning.
Biological filtration: Cultivate beneficial bacteria and use bacteria to decompose harmful elements, such as ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, etc.
Commonly used filter materials include: biochemical balls, ceramic rings, glass rings, coral sand, etc. (the most important filtration method, maintaining the ecosystem)
Chemical filtration: It uses chemical agents to remove impurities from water. Methods, the preparations used include water quality stabilizers, flocculants, algaecides, protein decomposers, deodorants, etc.
Adsorption filtration: It is a substance containing wood, coal, fruit shells, animal bones, etc. Substances with extremely high carbon content can absorb proteins, trace elements, decolorize and remove odors in seawater, and even ozone molecules can be absorbed by it. Fish urine, microalgae and drugs in the water can also be adsorbed by it
Because nitrifying bacteria must live in the filter cotton, glass ring or bottom sand of flowing water, the filter should Open 24 hours.
IV. Classification by filtration principle
1. Self-cleaning filter
The self-cleaning filter uses a filter to directly intercept impurities in the water and remove them. Precision equipment that reduces suspended solids and particulate matter in water, reduces turbidity, purifies water quality, and reduces system dirt, bacteria, algae, rust, etc., in order to purify water quality and protect the normal operation of other equipment in the system.
The main components of the self-cleaning filter include: motor, electric control box, control pipeline, main pipe assembly, filter element assembly, 316L stainless steel brush, frame assembly, drive shaft, inlet and outlet connecting flange, etc.
The self-cleaning filter overcomes the many shortcomings of traditional filtration products such as small dirt holding capacity, easy to be clogged by dirt, the filter part needs to be disassembled and cleaned, and the filter status cannot be monitored. It has the ability to filter raw water and automatically clean the water. The filter element performs the function of cleaning and draining sewage.
The system provides uninterrupted water supply when the self-cleaning filter is being cleaned and discharged. It can monitor the working status of the filter and has a high degree of automation. Covering various filtering precision requirements from 10um to 3000um.
The self-cleaning filter adopts advanced equipment technology in the international water treatment industry and can be installed vertically, horizontally, or inverted in any direction and at any position. It can be used in industry, agriculture, municipal power, electronics, medicine, food, printing and dyeing , construction, steel, metallurgy, papermaking and other industries water filtration.
2. Fully automatic filter
The fully automatic filter is a set of equipment widely used in the filtration industry. It overcomes the problems of traditional filtration products such as small dirt holding capacity, easy to be blocked by dirt, The filter part needs to be disassembled and cleaned, and the filter status cannot be monitored. It has the function of filtering raw water and automatically cleaning and draining the filter element.
The fully automatic filter consists of a housing, a multi-element filter element, a backwash mechanism, an electric control box, a reducer, an electric valve and a differential pressure controller. The diaphragm in the housing divides the inner cavity into upper and lower chambers. The upper chamber is equipped with multiple filter elements, which makes full use of the filter space and significantly reduces the filter volume. A backwash suction cup is installed in the lower chamber. .
When the fully automatic filter is working, the turbid liquid enters the lower chamber of the filter through the inlet, and then enters the inner chamber of the filter element through the partition hole. Impurities larger than the gap in the filter element are intercepted, and the clean liquid passes through the gap to reach the filter element. upper chamber, and finally sent out from the exit.
The default precision of fully automatic filtration is 10 microns, and it is optional from 100 to 3000 microns. It has a large filtration area and high dirt holding capacity. Users can customize it according to actual working conditions. The cleaning method is simple, and the cleaning cycle is electronically monitored, which can realize automatic cleaning and sewage discharge. All parameters in the fully automatic self-cleaning filter control system can be adjusted.
3. Stainless steel brush filter
The types of stainless steel brush filters include: fully automatic stainless steel brush filter, hand-operated stainless steel brush filter. Its main function is to remove suspended solids in the water, reduce the concentration of suspended solids and particulate matter in the water, reduce turbidity, purify water quality, reduce system dirt, bacteria and algae, rust, purify water quality, etc.
The stainless steel brush filter adopts a patented internal mechanical structure to achieve a true high-pressure backwash function, which can easily and thoroughly remove impurities trapped by the filter screen, without any dead ends in cleaning, and with no attenuation of flux. , ensuring filtration efficiency and long service life.
The stainless steel brush filter realizes automatic backwashing through its own retrieval and strain functions, which can cope with unstable water quality fluctuations without manual intervention.
During the backwashing process of the stainless steel brush filter, each filter (group) performs the backwash operation in sequence; ensuring safe and efficient cleaning of the filter, while other filters are not affected and continue to filter.
The stainless steel brush filter adopts an automatic drain valve, which has short backwashing time, low backwash water consumption, and is environmentally friendly and economical. There are few wearing parts, no consumables, low operation and maintenance costs, and simple operation and management.
Summary: The filter is one of the indispensable equipment for raising aquatic organisms. The filter can purify the water quality and ensure the water quality is clean and stable for a longer period of time. Nowadays, when you go to the aquarium market to buy a fish tank, it is usually equipped with standard filter equipment. Of course, if you are an experienced and ingenious fish farmer, you can also make your own filter.