Identify the hazardous factors within the scope of the company, conduct risk evaluation on them, determine the unbearable risks, formulate effective risk control procedures, and realize the whole process of safety control.
Scope of Application
This system applies to the hazard identification, evaluation and control activities in company-wide activities.
Terms and DefinitionsHazardous Factors
Hazardous factors are factors that can cause injury or death to people or sudden damage to things.
Hazardous factors are factors that can affect human health, cause disease, or cause chronic damage to things.
Often, the two are not distinguished and collectively referred to as hazardous factors, is the cause of the accident, that is, people, things, the environment, the management of several aspects of the defects, hazards is the cause of accidents, "the root cause or state".
Hazard source
The source or state that may cause death, injury, occupational disease, property damage or other losses.
Hazard identification
refers to the process of recognizing under what circumstances a hazard can occur, why it can occur, and how it can occur. The two key tasks of hazard identification are to identify specific undesired consequences that may occur; and to identify the characteristics of materials, systems, processes and equipment that lead to those consequences.
Risk evaluation
Using systems engineering methods to the proposed or existing engineering, system may exist in the hazard and its possible consequences of a comprehensive evaluation and prediction, and according to the size of the risk of accidents that may lead to the proposed risk control measures, in order to achieve the engineering, the process of system safety.
Accident
An unforeseen event that results in death, injury, occupational disease, property damage or other loss.
Responsibilities General Manager
Responsible for the organization and leadership of the company's hazard identification, risk evaluation and risk control planning, and to provide the resources necessary for the control of major hazards.
Safety and Environmental Protection Department is responsible for hazard identification, risk evaluation and major risk factors control plan. Supervision and management of the implementation of the unbearable risk control plan. Responsible for environmental pollution hazard identification and risk evaluation. Responsible for the governance and control plan of the unbearable risk of environmental pollution. Production Technology Department is responsible for organizing the hazard identification and risk evaluation of production process and engineering projects. It is responsible for the project management of the unbearable risk management project of the production process and engineering projects. In accordance with the requirements of "three simultaneous", to ensure the prevention of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, occupational safety and health facilities and the main project design, construction, and put into production and use at the same time. Responsible for the organization of electrical, mechanical equipment facilities, hazard identification and risk assessment. Responsible for electrical, mechanical equipment facilities unbearable risk management project management. Finance Department
Responsible for the unbearable risk management costs of payment, to ensure that the special funds for special purposes.
Workshops are responsible for hazard identification and risk evaluation within the scope of operation. It is responsible for the project management of the unbearable risk management project within the scope of operation. The implementation of the unit evaluated risk factors of the control program. Working Procedures Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation Organization Company Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation Leading Group
Leader: Deputy General Manager in charge of safety
Vice Leader: Director of Safety and Environmental Protection Department
Members: Heads of Departments and Departments Heads of Workshops
Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation Specialized Groups
Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation specialized groups include Safety professional group; production technology professional group, motorized energy professional group:
Safety professional hazard identification and risk evaluation team leader by the Minister of Safety and Environmental Protection Department, deputy head of the Department of Safety and Environmental Protection Department supervisors; production processes, engineering projects professional hazard identification and risk evaluation team leader by the Minister of Production Technology Department, deputy head of the Department of Production Technology Department, deputy head of the Department of Electricity, Hazard identification and risk evaluation team leader of mechanical equipment facilities is appointed by the Minister of Production Technology Department, and the deputy team leader is appointed by the production technology department in charge of electrical and mechanical equipment personnel; professional team members: safety technology management personnel, production technology management personnel, electrical and mechanical equipment technology management personnel, environmental protection technology management personnel. Workshop Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation Specialized Group
Group Leader: Workshop Director
Deputy Group Leader: Workshop Safety Deputy Director
Members: Safety Officer, Equipment Technician, Production Technician and Team Leader.
Hazard identification and risk evaluation personnel requirements: personnel with safety management experience or with relevant professional titles; with extensive on-site construction experience and the ability to analyze and express; the main personnel should have received professional training. Division of operational activities Generally, operational activities can be divided according to the following methods: division by stages of production (work) process; division by geographical area; division by production equipment; division by operational tasks; combination of the above methods. Gather relevant information, operational activity information includes: tasks: implementation of the location, duration, personnel, frequency of implementation, etc.; equipment: machinery, equipment, tools that may be used and their instructions for use; materials: used or encountered substances and their physical form (fumes, vapors, liquids, powders, solids) and chemical properties, and other relevant information; methods of control on the site: operating procedures, safety procedures, operating procedures and operating instructions, employee competence and has the right to work. instructions, the competence of employees and the relevant training they have received, on-site safety control facilities; manual handling: the size, shape, weight, surface characteristics of the materials that may have to be handled manually, the distances and heights at which the materials have to be moved by hand; data: monitoring data on the work activity and the working environment; accidents: experience of accidents related to this work activity; on-site working environment (conditions): space, height, temperature, humidity, safety protection facilities, etc. Hazard factor identification Hazard grading basis: laws and regulations (Grading of Hazard Degree of Occupational Exposure to Toxins (GB5044-85) and Grading of Toxic Operations (GB12331-90), etc.); degree and scale of hazards and casualties of accidents; frequency of accidents; degree of concern of relevant parties; amount of property damage; Difficulty of risk reduction. Classification of Hazard Factors
The types of hazards are divided according to the direct cause of the accident. Divided into four aspects: unsafe human behavior, unsafe state of things, environmental defects, and management defects.
People's unsafe behavior: operating errors, ignoring safety, ignoring warnings; caused by the failure of the safety device; the use of unsafe equipment; hand instead of tool work; goods (refers to finished products, semi-finished products, materials, tools, chips, and production supplies, etc.) stored improperly; risk entering the hazardous place; climbing on an unsafe position (such as platform guardrail, car fender, crane hook); in the lifting of the object under the work, stay ; refueling, repairing, checking, adjusting, welding, cleaning and other work while the machine is running; distracting behavior; neglecting the use of personal protective equipment and gear in operations or occasions where they must be used; unsafe attire; incorrect handling of flammable, explosive and other hazardous materials; malfunctioning; and other unsafe behaviors. Unsafe condition of things: defective equipment, facilities, tools, accessories; lack of or defective protection, insurance, signaling devices. Environmental defects: defects in the workplace; poor operating environment. Defects in management: lack of system; defective institutional setup and staffing; defective safety training, education and assessment; insufficient safety investment; supervision and daily inspection; defective emergency rescue. Classification of accidents
Referring to the Classification of Company Employee Injuries and Casualties (GB 6441-86), the accidents are mainly classified into 20 categories, including object strikes, vehicular injuries, mechanical injuries, lifting injuries, electrocution, drowning, burns, fires, falling from heights, collapses, roof-topping and sheet- ganging, water penetration, artillery discharge, gunpowder explosions, gas explosions, boiler explosions, vessel explosions, other explosions, poisonings and asphyxiation, Other injuries.
Hazard identification of the object of the work site aspects of the work site aspects mainly include the whole process of operation, the operating environment, labor protection equipment and occupational health, the above aspects of the integration of each post or job type, to "job" as a carrier, throughout the whole process of operation; mainly in each type of operation in the workplace, before work, before work, before work. Injuries that may be suffered by people of each type of work in each step of the process: after work, before work, before operation, during operation, and after operation. Production process: design: safety pre-evaluation, three simultaneous, design documents and drawings; production process: production process is suitable for the production conditions; consider the impact of special disasters; equipment and facilities match each other and meet the requirements of the process; each process matches each other and meets the requirements of the production; the sequence of the production operation and the way of production adapts to the current situation of the production; the scope of the production operation in the scope of the operation license. The scope of production operation is within the scope defined in the operation license. Production security system: transportation routes, power supply and distribution, anti-drainage, fire prevention, maintenance, etc.; change management: change management system for process modification, equipment and facility modification, etc., change system documentation, change of personnel, etc. Equipment and facilities: whole process control: planning, procurement, installation (construction), commissioning, acceptance, use, maintenance and scrapping; original technical data and drawings; repair and maintenance; testing and inspection: special equipment, safety mark products, special facilities. Hazard Identification Methods
Based on the company's production characteristics and management forms, hazard identification mainly adopts the following methods:
Inquiry and communication method; expert analysis method; on-site observation method; access to records; work task analysis method; safety checklist method; operating conditions of the hazard evaluation method.
The interview method is mainly used to find out all the types of injuries and their causes that an employee may suffer during the operation by holding a team meeting in which members of the work team question the employee and communicate with him/her.
Identification and Evaluation Procedures
Hazard identification and risk evaluation should include the following processes:
Preparation; hazard identification; conditions under which hazards are transformed into risks; quantification of risk results; and classification of risk levels. Identification and evaluation should take into account the following factors: in the evaluation of the risk of poisoning and asphyxiation, the possible causal factors should be considered, including: areas of harmful gas accumulation, poor ventilation, fire effects. When evaluating the risk of flooding, different possible sources of sudden water should be considered, including: groundwater; surface water; rainfall and snowmelt. When evaluating the risk of fire, should the possible different types of fires be considered, including: solid material fires; liquid or liquefied solid fires; gas or liquefied gas leakage fires; dust ignition fires. When evaluating the risk of mechanical injury, the different possible causal factors should be considered, including: perforating machinery; shoveling machinery; transportation machinery; earth moving machinery; crushing machinery; drainage machinery; wind pressurization machinery; and support machinery. When evaluating the risk of accidental explosions, the following should be considered: fuel oil; boilers. When evaluating the risk of motorized equipment and transportation, factors such as procurement, maintenance, inspection, natural environment, characteristics of transported materials, routes, and timeliness should be considered. Reliability, safety, and economy should be considered when risk evaluating key equipment. When investigating man-machine ergonomics, it should include: repetitive motion, use of power tools, working posture, seating comfort, environmental conditions, and accessibility. Are the following factors considered when identifying psychogenic hazards: work factors, human factors, personal living environment factors. The lighting measurement process should consider the lighting equipment, lighting duration, visibility, and lighting source arrangement in case of emergency. The percentage of quantitative monitoring should be completed for identified hazards that are exposed to physical, chemical, biological, and ergonomic factors that may pose a serious health risk. Consideration should be given to whether the monitoring of occupational hazards complies with laws and regulations and other requirements and ratios. Consideration should be given to the proportion of regular calibration of occupational hazard monitoring equipment. Consistency, auditability, and continuity of the risk overview should be considered. Risk evaluation method LEC evaluation method:
LEC method is to evaluate the size of the system risk of personnel injury and death by using the product of the values of three indicators related to the system risk rate, which are:
L - the size of the likelihood of occurrence of accidents;
E- - the frequency of human exposure to hazardous environments;
C - the consequences of damage that would result if an accident occurred.
Risk value D = consequence L × exposure E × likelihood C
Initial risk evaluation Where new processes, new engineering projects must be initial risk evaluation. The initial risk evaluation process should take into account: production process risk; risk of hazardous substances; equipment, facilities risk; environmental risk; occupational health risk; management risk; laws, regulations, standards needs; the views of the relevant parties.
5.4.3.3 The results of the initial risk evaluation should include a description of the processes in which the various risks may occur and the level of the risk, and ranked in order of danger.
5.4.3.4 The results of the initial risk evaluation shall be documented, and each unit shall manage the risk classification based on the results of the initial risk evaluation.
Continuous risk evaluation Each workshop should continuously conduct risk evaluation and deal with major risks in a timely manner. Common methods of continuous risk evaluation include: pre-use inspection; planned task observation; equipment inspection; pre-work hazard foreknowledge; handover inspection; regular safety inspection and periodic overhaul; and safety standardization system evaluation. Risk evaluation plan According to the production characteristics, the risk evaluation plan should be formulated as follows: smelting operation risk evaluation; engineering geological risk evaluation; equipment and facilities risk evaluation; occupational health risk evaluation; traffic and transportation risk evaluation; hazardous materials risk evaluation; fire risk evaluation; flood risk evaluation; emergency risk evaluation. The risk evaluation program must be equipped with appropriate resources. Risk Review
The Safety and Environmental Protection Department verifies the risk evaluation results summarized by each workshop based on the results of the initial risk evaluation work completed, and further completes other reviews.
Verify the completed risk evaluation work: verify whether the work types listed in each workshop are comprehensive, verify whether the main equipment and facilities are all included, verify whether the process flow is in line with the actual situation, verify whether the evaluation of each functional department is accurate; verify whether the work process of each work type in the evaluation table of the work process is organized and whether there are any omissions; verify whether the LEC method adopted by it is in line with the actual situation and whether it is accurate, verify whether the LEC method adopted by it is in line with the actual situation and whether it is accurate, and verify whether it is in line with the actual situation and whether it is accurate. realistic and accurate; verifying that the risk levels identified are accurate; verifying that the intolerable risks identified are accurate; and verifying that the risk control measures proposed are practical and reasonable. The following three aspects are evaluated: obtaining and identifying applicable regulations and other requirements, collecting information on regulations, systems, and safety operation procedures of each department and workshop, and evaluating whether they are sound, effective, and whether they are carried out and put in place, i.e., conformity, implementation, and validity; analyzing and summarizing past accidents, collecting information on past accident incidents, and classifying and summarizing, counting, analyzing, and summarizing them; and evaluating existing Regulations, documents, organizations and responsibilities are evaluated to see if they are sound, effective, enforced, and whether the safety responsibilities are clear. Hazard identification and risk evaluation of new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects can refer to the labor safety and health pre-evaluation report proposed by qualified institutions recognized by government units when they are executed in accordance with the requirements of the implementation guidelines.
5.4.7 Risk level determination, using the LEC evaluation method to evaluate the following risk levels.
Grade 5: more than 320, very high risk, extremely dangerous, can not continue the operation, consider abandoning and stopping this operation.
Level IV: 160 to 320, is high risk, highly dangerous and requires immediate rectification and correction.
Level 3: 70 to 160, medium risk, significant danger, need to be rectified and corrected.
Tier 2: 20 to 70, a possible risk, average danger, needs attention.
Level 1: 20 or less, an acceptable risk, slightly dangerous, acceptable to tolerate.
Risk control measures risk classification management risk level of four and above, designated as the company's key tasks, key equipment or key processes, by the Department of Production Technology, Safety and Environmental Protection Department of the organization of managed units on-site to develop safety measures; risk level of three, designated as the workshop's key tasks, key equipment or key processes, by the workshop supervisory leadership to organize the workshop production, safety and other relevant departments and offices on-site Formulate safety measures; the degree of risk of the operation reaches the second level, designated as the key tasks of the section or group, by the section or group organization of the unit's safety, technical management personnel to formulate safety measures. Risk control plan
The risk control mainly adopts one or a combination of the following measures:
A--Development of goals, targets and management programs; (Example: technological transformation, on the hardware facilities)
B-- Developing safety regulations;
C - Developing emergency plans and response;
D - Developing mission-critical work instructions;
E - -Implementation of work ticket system;
F -Implementation of hazardous work approval system;
G -Preparation of safety operation procedures;
H - -Developing safety checklists (daily and special);
I - Strengthening training and education;
J - Maintaining existing measures.
Safety and Environmental Protection Department supervises and coordinates all departments and workshops to effectively control major risks; it implements supervision and evaluation of the effectiveness of risk control in each department and workshop. Each year, the workshop carries out hazard identification and risk evaluation on the management and production activities of the unit based on the internal and external conditions of the year, and reports the results of the identification and risk evaluation to the Department of Safety and Environmental Protection. Each unit summarizes its risk level, key tasks, key equipment, key processes and various risk control measures based on the risk evaluation results. The production workshop and the Department of Safety and Environmental Protection shall formulate corresponding risk control measures based on the results of hazard identification and risk evaluation in order to achieve effective control. The determination of risk control measures should follow the following principles: elimination; substitution; engineering control, isolation; management measures; individual protection. When there is a conflict between employee safety and health and property protection, measures to ensure employee safety and health should be prioritized. Significant risk control measures are implemented in accordance with the System of Monitoring of Major Dangerous Sources and Rectification of Major Hazards. The control of major risks in the operation process is implemented according to the operation management system of the safety standardization system. Risk control of equipment and facilities is implemented in accordance with the Equipment and Facilities Management System. Risk control in process is implemented according to the Process Management System and the relevant production security system management system. Risk control measures for occupational hazards are implemented in accordance with the Occupational Hazard Control System. For hazardous operations or entry into hazardous areas, they are implemented in accordance with the Permitted Operations Management System. The Approval System for Hazardous Operations and the Work Ticket System are carefully implemented. Risk control in respect of suppliers and contractors is implemented in accordance with the Supplier Management System and the Contractor Management System. Risk control in the management process is executed according to the relevant system of the Safety Standardization System. Update of Hazard Identification and Hazard Evaluation The Safety and Environmental Protection Department shall organize relevant units to reconfirm the company's hazard sources, risk evaluation results and risk control measures in March every year, and update them if there are any changes. The Safety and Environmental Protection Department shall regularly review the hazard identification and risk evaluation. And according to the hazard identification, risk evaluation results and updates, and take corresponding control measures. The person in charge of the construction unit of a new construction project shall organize the hazard identification of the new construction project and fill in the Hazard Identification and Risk Evaluation Form.
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