Introduction of the International Organization for Standardization International Organization for Standardization-ISO
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is the world's largest and most authoritative specialized agency for international standardization.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is currently the world's largest and most authoritative specialized agency for international standardization. 64 representatives from 25 countries, including China, Britain, the United States, France, and the Soviet Union, gathered in London from October 14 to 26, 1946, and formally voted to establish the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 23 February 1947, the constitution of the ISO was endorsed by the standardization bodies of 15 countries, and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was declared officially established. The 25 countries that participated in the London meeting on October 14, 1946, were the founders of ISO, which is a Class A consultative organization of the United Nations Economic and Social Council and a consolidated (i.e., top-level) consultative organization of the TDB. In addition, ISO maintains collaborative relationships with more than 600 international organizations.
The aims and purposes of ISO are "to promote the development of standardization throughout the world for the purpose of facilitating the international exchange of materials and services and of extending cooperation in knowledge, science, technology and economics". Its main activities are the formulation of international standards, coordination of standardization work worldwide, the organization of member countries and technical committees for the exchange of information, as well as cooperation with other international organizations, *** with the study of relevant standardization issues.
In accordance with the ISO constitution, its members are divided into group members and correspondence members. Group members are the most representative of the national standardization body, and each country can only have a body on behalf of its country to participate in ISO. corresponding members are developing countries (or regions) have not yet established a national standardization body. Corresponding members do not participate in the technical work of ISO, but can understand the progress of the work of ISO, after a number of years, when the conditions are ripe, can be converted to group members. the working languages of ISO are English, French and Russian, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. 143 members of the current ISO.
ISO existing technical committees (TC) 186 and sub-technical committees (SC) 552. As of the end of December 2001, ISO has developed 13544 international standards.
On September 1, 1978, China re-entered ISO in the name of the Chinese Association for Standardization (CAS), and since 1988, it has been changed to participate in the work of ISO in the name of the State Bureau of Technical Supervision. In the near future, it will be changed to participate in the work of ISO in the name of Standardization Administration of China (SAC).In September 1999, China hosted the 22nd General Assembly of ISO in Beijing.
Introduction of the International Electrotechnical CommissionInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission-IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was founded in 1906, and has a history of more than 90 years. It is the world's earliest international electrical standardization body, responsible for international standardization work in the field of electrical engineering and electronic engineering.
The purpose of the IEC is to promote international cooperation on standardization and related issues in the field of electrical and electronic engineering, and to enhance international mutual understanding. In order to achieve this purpose, the IEC publishes a variety of publications, including international standards, and expects its members to use these standards in their own national standardization work as far as their national conditions permit. Over the past 20 years, the IEC has grown considerably in terms of both its field of work and the size of its organization. Today the number of IEC member countries has increased from 35 in 1960 to 61. They are home to 80% of the world's population and consume 95% of the electricity consumed globally. Currently the IEC's field of work has been expanded from the mere study of electrical equipment, nomenclature and power of electrical machines to all aspects of electrotechnology, such as electronics, power, microelectronics and its applications, communications, audio-visual, robotics, information technology, new medical devices and nuclear instrumentation, etc. The IEC standards have been involved in 35 percent of the world's market, and by the end of the century, the figure could be up to 50 percent.
The authority of IEC standards is recognized around the world.IEC holds more than 100 international standards meetings around the world every year.Nearly 100,000 experts from all over the world are participating in the standard making and revising work of IEC.IEC now has 89 technical committees (TC) and 88 sub-technical committees (SC).The number of IEC standards has been increasing rapidly.There were only 120 standards in 1963, and as of December 12, 2001, there were only 1,000 standards in the world.The number of IEC standards has been growing rapidly. In 1963, there were only 120 standards, as of the end of December 2001, IEC has developed 5098 international standards.
China participated in the IEC in 1957, and since 1988 it has been changed to participate in the IEC in the name of the State Bureau of Technical Supervision (SBTS). Now in the name of China's National Standardization Administration (SAC) to participate in the work of ISO. At present, China is a member of IEC's governing board, executive committee and conformity assessment bureau. 1990, China hosted the 54th annual meeting of IEC in Beijing, and in October 2002, China will also host the 66th annual meeting of IEC in Beijing.
International Telecommunication UnionInternational Telecommunication Union-ITU
International Telecommunication Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations, and is the United Nations agencies in the longest history of an international organization, referred to as the "International Telecommunication Union", "ITU" or "ITU".
The international organization was founded on May 17, 1865, by France, Germany, Russia and other 20 countries at the Paris Conference in order to achieve the smooth realization of the international telegraph communication and the establishment of the international organization, named "International Telegraph Union".
In 1932, representatives of 70 countries met in Madrid, Spain, and resolved to rewrite the International Telegraph Union as the International Telecommunication Union, a name that has been used ever since.
In 1947, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) held a conference in Atlantic City, U.S.A., and with the consent of the United Nations, the ITU became a specialized agency of the United Nations. The headquarters was moved from Bern, Switzerland to Geneva. In addition, the International Frequency Registration Board (IFRB) was established.
In order to adapt to the needs of the development of telecommunications science and technology, the International Telegraph Union was established, three advisory committees were created. 1924 in Paris, the establishment of the "Consultative Committee on International Telephony (CCIF)"; in 1925 in Paris, the establishment of the "Consultative Committee on International Telegraphy (CCIT)"; in 1927 in Washington, D.C., set up the "Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR)". In 1927, the Consultative Committee for International Radio (CCIR) was established in Washington, D.C. These three advisory committees held a lot of meetings and solved a lot of problems. 1956, the International Telephone Advisory Committee and the International Telegraph Advisory Committee merged to become the "International Telegraph and Telephone Advisory Committee", that is, CCITT.
In December 1972, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) held a plenipotentiary conference in Geneva, and adopted a reform program of the ITU, the substantive work of the ITU is organized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The substantive work of the International Telecommunication Union is undertaken by three major sectors, which are: the Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T), the Radiocommunication Sector of the International Telecommunication Union and the Telecommunication Development Sector of the International Telecommunication Union. Among them, the Telecommunication Standardization Sector was formed by merging the standardization work departments of the former International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) and the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR), and its main responsibility is to complete the ITU's goal of telecommunication standardization to standardize telecommunication all over the world.
China joined the International Telegraph Union (ITU) in 1920, sent representatives to the Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in Madrid in 1932, and was elected a member of the Administrative Council and the International Frequency Registration Committee (IFRC) at the Plenipotentiary Conference in Atlantic City, U.S.A., in 1947. After the founding of the Chinese People's Republic of China, China's legitimate seat was once illegally deprived of. on May 30, 1972 in the 27th Administrative Council of the International Telecommunication Union, formally restored China's legitimate rights and seats in the International Telecommunication Union, China actively participated in the activities of the International Telecommunication Union.