Preface:
Table tennis is a sport that combines fitness, competition and recreation. It has high exercise value. As a whole-body sport, table tennis is characterized by high speed and many variations, which determines that the participants can benefit from the following aspects: I. The muscles and joint tissues of the whole body are activated, which improves the speed of movement and the ability of the upper and lower limbs to move. Secondly, it is very effective in developing reaction, sensitivity, coordination and operational thinking ability. Secondly, due to the sport's extremely obvious competitive characteristics and entertainment functions, it has become an effective sport to cultivate the qualities of bravery and tenacity, resourcefulness and decisiveness, as well as to maintain youthful vigor and regulate the nerves. As a Japanese man said: "Table tennis will be the number one sport of the 21st century. It would be a pleasure to increase the interest in table tennis among those who wish to remain youthful, fit, and avoid unfortunate accidents." The game of table tennis is increasingly attracting attention from all quarters as an excellent means of enhancing intelligence, improving work efficiency, and for health, medical care and rehabilitation. An American scientist puts it this way, "If time permits and a suitable opponent is available, table tennis is the best way to improve hand-eye coordination. The sport can be very rewarding; it requires agility, complexity of action and decisive reaction; it also has many subtleties, techniques, overall coordination, sense of rhythm, strategy, and high demands on the mind and physical ability. Competition will fully reflect your extraordinary self-improvement and self-discipline when expectation and pressure go hand in hand, and playing table tennis is a great way to open your mind."
Because of these characteristics and the exercise value of table tennis, table tennis players and enthusiasts of the sport have been able to develop good mental qualities and exceed the norm in some other ways. According to the results of a study on the psychological qualities of table tennis players in some provinces and cities of China by psychologists using psychometric tests, they are generally characterized by a higher level of intelligence, a better operating ability than ordinary students, emotional stability, self-confidence, self-reliance, independence, agility of thought, and the coordination of the development of intellectual factors and personality factors. In conclusion, table tennis does have some unique functions that are not found in other sports, which can benefit the participants for a lifetime.
Table of Contents:
Overview of Table Tennis
Second, Grip, Position and Preparation
Third, Basic Steps
Four, Flat Blocking
Five, Push Blocking (Backhand Push)
Fourth, Forehand Attacking from the Table
Seventh, Parallel Movements and Left Push Attacking
Twenty-four, Cross-step Forehand Attacking with Downward Spin
Eight, Crossover and Cross-step Forehand Attacking with Downward Spin
Eight, Cross-step forehand downspin and forehand and backhand rolling
9. Sending and receiving side up and downspin
10. Forehand pulling the curved ball
Overview of Table Tennis
Table Tennis is a ball game in which two or more pairs of players take turns hitting the ball with their paddles at the ends of the table, where a net is placed in the center of the space between the two balls. The ball is made of celluloid, has a diameter of 40 millimeters and weighs 2.65-2.80 grams. Table tennis is characterized by a small ball speed, change, fun, equipment is relatively simple, not subject to age, gender and physical conditions, has a wide range of adaptability and high exercise value, easier to carry out and popularize. Regular participation in this sport can develop human sensitivity and coordination, improve the speed of movement and the ability of upper and lower limb activities, improve cardiovascular function, enhance physical fitness, and can cultivate people's courage and tenacity, resourcefulness and decisiveness and other qualities.
Table tennis development and development direction
Table tennis originated in England at the end of the 19th century, and became popular in Europe. tennis is the predecessor of table tennis, and the celluloid ball appeared around 1900.
The history of the development of table tennis technology, in a sense, is in the racket tools continue to innovate, so that the ball in the speed and rotation of the competition between each other in the process of moving forward. 1988, table tennis was included in the official Olympic Games, which greatly promoted the further development of the world table tennis.
Learn how to hold the racket, stand, and prepare for the position
(1) Holding the racket
● Horizontal Racket Grip: The general grip of the horizontal racket is the same as the handshake in a meeting, with the middle, ring, and pinky fingers gripping the racket handle, the tiger's muzzle holding the shoulder of the racket, the thumb slightly bent and pinched, or diagonally stretching out the racket face, and the forefinger diagonally stretching out on the other side of the racket (as shown in the figure).
● Straight racket grip: the second index finger and the first knuckle of the thumb in front of the racket to form a pincer, the handle of the racket against the tiger's mouth, the back of the racket, the three fingers naturally bent against the upper end of the racket 1/3 (as shown in the figure)
(B) Standing and preparation posture
● Methods: the stand should be based on the different types of individual playing style to determine the general standing in the middle of the left side of the table, away from the stage, 30-50 centimeters. Position. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart or slightly wider, keeping your center of gravity steady. Lift the heel slightly and land hard on the inside of the forefoot to ensure a quick start and move. Bend both knees slightly and buckle inward, slightly chest and abdomen, lean forward slightly, hold the racket arm naturally bent, straight grip elbow slightly outward, wrist relaxation, the racket is placed on the right front side of the abdomen at 20-30 centimeters, in order to facilitate the left and right care to speed up the batting speed; horizontal grip elbow down, the forearm is naturally raised flat. Eyes on the incoming ball, to strengthen the judgment.
Three, the basic footwork
I, single step: one foot as the axis, the other foot forward, back, left and right in different directions, the center of gravity followed. Fast attack athletes in the return of short-term ball, chipping chasing the ball, commonly used in this step.
Second, stride: one foot forward, back or left and right in different directions, the center of gravity then moved to the swing foot, and the other foot also quickly slide half a step to follow.
Third, parallel step: one foot first moves half a step toward the other foot, and the other foot moves in the same direction after the moving foot lands.
Four, jumping step: from the ball in the same direction as the foot to the ground mainly. In the process of moving, both feet have a short time to leave the ground at the same time, in the case of the incoming ball is faster, the angle is larger.
V. Crossover: When the ball is far away from the body, and you still can't get a proper position for the ball by using the parallel step or the hopping step, you can use the crossover step.
VI. Issues to be noted in footwork practice
(1) Reaction and judgment should be fast.
(ii) footwork should be flexible
(iii) the center of gravity of the body should be adjusted after the ball is played
(iv) the athletes must concentrate on the ball during the training, especially the students should be able to keep their eyes on the opponent's racket when it touches the ball.
Fourth, learn flat blocking ball
● flat blocking ball characteristics: ball speed is slow, power is small, simple action, easy to master, is the beginner's technology, repeated practice can be familiar with the nature of the ball to experience the changes in the beat when hitting the ball to improve the control of the ball's ability.
● Flat block: stand parallel to the ball with your feet and body close to the table. Before hitting the ball, both knees are slightly bent, chest and abdomen. When hitting the ball, the racket is from the back to the front, the racket touching the racket surface and the table surface is nearly vertical, in the rising period of the middle of the ball, with the help of the opposing side of the ball rebound force will be blocked back to the ball. After hitting the ball, quickly restore and prepare for the next shot. As shown in the picture
V. Learning to Push and Block (Backhand Fast Push)
● Characteristics: small movement, using the force to hit back, fast return speed, easy to control, and good change of landing point.
● Action: stand close to the table, right foot slightly behind or parallel to the feet, upper arm and elbow joint close to the right side of the body. When hitting the ball, the forearm is pushed forward, the index finger presses the racket, the thumb is relaxed, the racket is tilted forward, and the ball is hit in the middle and upper part of the incoming ball during the rising period. After hitting the ball, the arm is sent forward with the momentum.
Sixth, learn forehand close to the table attack
● Characteristics: stand close, small movement, fast speed, use the power to return, can shorten the opponent to prepare for the return time to fight for the initiative, to create conditions for the attack can also be directly scored.
● Action: (right-handed grip, for example), the body close to the table, the right foot a little back, knees slightly bent, slightly leaning forward. Before hitting the ball, lead the racket to the right side of the body into a semi-transverse shape, the upper arm and the body at about 35 degrees, and the forearm at about 120 degrees. When the ball bounces off the table, the arm swings rapidly from the right side to the upper left side, and the forearm is the main force. When hitting the ball, the index finger relaxes and the thumb presses down on the racket so that the racket is tilted in front of the face and combines with the wrist's inward movement to hit the upper center of the ball before it rises (Figure).
VII. Learning to move in parallel and push left and attack right
(1) Parallel Steps
Features: The range of this step is larger than that of a single step, and since there is no vacating movement, it is conducive to moving quickly and keeping the center of gravity of the body stable.
Methods: When moving, the foot in the opposite direction from the ball takes a step to the inside of the foot in the same direction, then the foot in the same direction takes a step to the direction of the ball and brakes at the same time, then swings the arm to hit the ball.
(2) Left Push Right Attack
Features: close standing, fast speed, conducive to improve the swing speed, pre-emptive strike.
Methods: When one side attacks the corners, the other side attacks with a combination of backhand blocking and forehand attacking, which is called left-push-right attack. The left-push-right attack can't take care of both sides at the same time, but should focus on it, and generally use the push-block transition to look for opportunities to lure the opponent to change the line and attack with the forehand.
The forehand attack should be decisive and bold. After pushing the block, the center of gravity of the body on the left foot, into the forehand attack, the left foot stomped on the ground, the right foot quickly to the right side of the stride (stride distance depending on the opponent's ball landing point), the left foot immediately followed, the arm at the same time, quickly swung forward to hit the ball. When hitting the ball, the racket surface is slightly tilted forward, in the rising phase of the incoming ball in the middle and upper part of the ball.
When the opponent is attacking the right corner of the court, the forehand attack on the right side of the ball back to the opponent becomes the forehand hitting back technique. If you use this technique well, you can often turn passive into active. Because the opponent attacked the ball over the speed of the fast, their hands are generally first in place, the formation of forward pouncing out of the action. Before hitting the ball, the upper arm is pulled away, but not thrown too high, the arm is extended to the right, the racket is slightly lower than the incoming ball, the wrist can not be shaken, forward force to hit the ball.
VIII. Cross-step forehand downswing and forehand and backhand roll
(1) Forehand downswing
The main points: the right foot back. When the ball is thrown, the racket hand leads the racket to the upper right and the wrist is extended. When the ball drops to the same height as the net, the arm quickly swings to the lower left, and the wrist quickly turns downward at the moment of touching the ball, so that the racket rubs downward from the center of the ball.
(2) Forehand and Backhand Rubbing
Rubbing the ball can be divided into forehand and backhand rubbing fast rubbing and slow rubbing
Backhand slow rubbing action: the body is a little far away from the stage, the arm naturally bends and bends, and leads the racket to the left upper side. When hitting the ball, the forearm rotates internally with the wrist turning motion and exerts force forward and downward, the racket surface is tilted back, rubbing the middle and lower part of the ball during the descending period of the incoming ball, and then rubbing the ball out.
The backhand quick roll action: the body is close to the table. When hitting the ball, the racket face is slightly tilted back, and the forearm is sent forward and downward with the wrist movement, rubbing the middle and lower part of the ball during the rising period of the incoming ball, and rubbing the ball out quickly.
Forehand rolling: Stand with your feet parallel or with your right foot slightly in front of you. Before hitting the ball, the right hand leads the racket to the upper right, and the racket face is slightly tilted back. When hitting the ball, the forearm and wrist swing to the left front and down, rubbing the middle and lower part of the ball during the rising or falling period, and rubbing the ball out.
9.Learning to Serve and Receive the Side Top and Bottom Spin Balls
● Forehand Serve Side Top and Bottom Spin Balls Movement: Right foot backward. When the ball is thrown, the racket hand leads the racket to the upper right and the wrist is extended. When the ball falls to the same height as the net, the arm quickly swings to the lower left, and the wrist quickly turns to the upper left at the moment of touching the ball, so that the racket rubs from the center of the ball to the upper left. When serving the left side of the ball, the wrist quickly turns to the lower left, so that the racket rubs from the center of the ball to the lower left. As shown in the figure:
● Backhand side topspin and bottomspin: the right foot is in front, the racket hand leads the racket to the upper left, and the racket handle is slightly downward. When the ball falls to the same height as the net, the forearm and wrist at the same time, touching the ball instantly wrist to the upper right, so that the racket from the middle of the ball to the upper right friction. When serving the right side of the ball, the wrist turns to the lower right, so that the racket rubs from the center of the ball to the lower right. As shown in the picture:
●Techniques that can be used to receive serve: the key to receive serve is to judge the nature of the ball, including rotation, landing point, speed, and then quickly and reasonably move, using forehand and backhand fast, slow rubbing, blocking, attacking the ball, and other mastered techniques to hit back.
X. Learning to pull the arc ball with the forehand
The main points of the action: stand close to the table, the right foot is slightly behind, the center of gravity is supported on the right foot. Before hitting the ball, lead the racket to the lower right side of the body into a semi-horizontal shape, the racket surface is nearly vertical. The upper arm is approximately 35 degrees to the body and 130 degrees to the forearm. When the ball starts to descend from the highest point, the right foot stirs and turns the hips inward, while the upper arm and forearm swing from back to front and upward, and the forearm quickly closes inward, combining the power of wrist rotation to rub the middle and lower parts of the ball. After hitting the ball, the center of gravity is shifted to the left foot, and the racket is swung to the head (as shown in the picture)