1. Scope of application
This Guide specifies the basic requirements for the preparation procedures and contents of environmental emergency plans for petrochemical enterprises (hereinafter referred to as "emergency plans").
This guide is applicable to the preparation of environmental emergency plans for petrochemical enterprises (including petroleum refining and chemical industry).
2. Compilation basis
This Guide is prepared according to the Environmental Protection Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Emergency Response Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), the National Emergency Plan for Environmental Emergencies, and relevant laws, regulations and normative legal documents.
3. Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this guide.
3. 1 environmental emergency plan
In view of possible environmental pollution incidents, an action plan is formulated in advance to carry out environmental emergency actions quickly and orderly.
3.2 Environmentally sensitive areas
Refers to all kinds of natural and cultural reserves established according to law, as well as areas that are particularly sensitive to some pollution factors or ecological impact factors of construction projects, mainly including: nature reserves, scenic spots, world cultural and natural heritage sites, and drinking water source protection areas; Basic farmland protection areas, basic grasslands, forest parks, geological parks, important wetlands, natural forests, natural concentrated distribution areas of rare and endangered wild animals and plants, natural spawning grounds and feeding grounds for important aquatic organisms, wintering grounds and migration routes, natural fishing grounds, resource-poor areas, key prevention and control areas for soil erosion, protected areas for desertified land, closed and semi-closed sea areas and eutrophic water areas; Areas with residence, medical care, culture and education, scientific research and administrative office as the main functions, cultural relics protection units and protected areas with special historical, cultural, scientific and national significance.
3.3 Environmental protection objectives
Environmental sensitive areas around petrochemical enterprises that need to be protected.
3.4 Hazardous substances
A substance or a mixture of substances that can cause fire, explosion or poisoning.
3.5 Hazardous waste
It refers to the solid waste with hazardous characteristics listed in the National Hazardous Waste List or identified according to the Hazardous Waste Identification Standards and Technical Specifications (HJ/T298).
3.6 Hazard sources of environmental pollution events
In the production process of petrochemical enterprises, the pollution sources that may lead to environmental pollution events include hazardous substances produced, stored, managed, used and transported, as well as places, equipment and devices that generate, collect, utilize and dispose of hazardous wastes.
3.7 Environmental pollution incidents and sudden environmental incidents
Environmental pollution events refer to economic and social activities and behaviors that violate environmental protection laws and regulations, and events that cause environmental pollution, ecosystem disturbance, human health damage, social wealth loss and adverse social impact due to force majeure.
Sudden environmental events refer to environmental events that occur suddenly, cause or may cause casualties and property losses, pose threats and damages to the economic and social stability, political stability and environmental safety of the whole country or a certain region, and have a significant social impact on public safety.
3.8 classification
Refers to the classification of environmental pollution events according to the process, nature and mechanism of environmental pollution.
3.9 classification
Refers to the classification of environmental pollution incidents according to their severity, urgency and harm.
3. 10 emergency preparedness
Refers to the possible environmental pollution events, in order to quickly and orderly conduct pre-emergency actions and emergency protection.
3. 1 1 emergency response
Refers to the emergency actions taken by relevant organizations or personnel after an environmental pollution incident.
3. 12 emergency rescue
Refers to the rescue measures or actions taken to eliminate, reduce and prevent the deterioration of environmental pollution incidents and minimize the loss or harm of the incidents.
3. 13 recovery
Refers to the measures or actions taken to restore the production, work, life and ecological environment to a normal state as soon as possible after the impact of environmental pollution incidents is initially controlled.
4. Emergency plan preparation procedures
4. 1 set up a working group to prepare the plan.
Set up an emergency plan preparation working group led by the main person in charge of the enterprise, and allocate the plan preparation personnel according to the possible event categories and emergency responsibilities and the functional division of various departments of the enterprise. The personnel preparing the plan should come from the relevant functional departments and professional departments of the enterprise, including professionals in emergency command, environmental risk assessment, production process control, safety, organization and management, monitoring, fire fighting, engineering emergency rescue, medical first aid, chemical prevention, and internal and external experts of the enterprise. The planning working group shall carry out the division of responsibilities and formulate the tasks and work plans for planning.
4.2 Basic situation investigation
The basic situation of the enterprise, the harm of environmental pollution incidents, the surrounding environment of the enterprise and the environmental protection objectives should be investigated and explained in detail.
4.2. 1 Survey on the basic situation of enterprises
4.2. 1. 1 enterprise name and detailed address.
4.2. 1.2 Economic nature, affiliation and number of employees of the enterprise.
4.2. 1.3 Geographical location (latitude and longitude) of the enterprise.
4.2. 1.4 Other instructions.
4.2.2 Investigation on the basic situation of environmental pollution hazards in enterprises
4.2.2. 1 Names and daily output of main by-products and intermediates produced in the production process of enterprises, names and daily consumption of raw materials and fuels, maximum storage capacity and handling capacity of materials, and names and quantities of hazardous substances involved.
4.2.2.2 investigated the production technology, main production devices and storage methods of hazardous substances (cans, tanks, pools, pits, piles, etc.). ), and collected the layout of the enterprise, rainwater, clean sewage collection and drainage pipe network diagram, emergency facilities (equipment) layout diagram, enterprise fire control facilities configuration diagram.
4.2.2.3 investigated the name and quantity of pollutants discharged by enterprises, the treatment capacity of pollution control facilities and the amount of waste produced after treatment, pollution control technology, equipment and other environmental protection measures.
4.2.2.4 investigated the generation, storage, transfer and disposal of hazardous waste in enterprises, as well as the name, address, contact information, qualification, location of disposal sites, design specifications for hazardous waste treatment and prevention of environmental risks.
4.2.2.5 investigated the transportation (handling) unit, transportation mode, daily traffic volume, transportation location, transportation route and protective measures of hazardous substances and hazardous wastes in enterprises.
4.2.3 Investigation on the surrounding environment and environmental protection objectives of the enterprise
4.2.3. 1 Climatic (meteorological) characteristics of the enterprise's location, such as wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, rainstorm period, etc.
The topography of the area where 4.2.3.2 enterprises are located and the special conditions of the site (such as sloping fields and river banks).
Geographical location map of 4.2.3.3 enterprises (scale 1:5000 and 1: 50000), including the following contents:
(1) annual wind direction rose chart;
(2) Roads, railways, waters and pipelines for transporting materials (in and out of the factory);
(3) Receiving waters of enterprise wastewater (including effluent from sewage treatment plants, directly discharged clean sewage and rainwater), wastewater discharge paths and locations of sewage outlets, and solid waste disposal sites outside the enterprise factory;
(4) Road traffic in surrounding areas, evacuation routes, distribution of enterprises in surrounding areas, important community infrastructure, etc.
(5) Regional environmental sensitive protection targets (the investigation scope is determined according to HJ/T 169).
The discharge destination (name of water area), wastewater transportation mode, sewage outlet location and water function category of enterprise wastewater (including effluent from sewage treatment plant, directly discharged sewage and rainwater) in 4.2.3.4. Names of environmentally sensitive protection targets downstream of enterprise sewage outlets (surface water and groundwater intakes, drinking water source protection areas, rare animal and plant habitats or special ecosystems, mangroves, coral reefs, fish and shrimp spawning grounds, important wetlands and natural fishing grounds, etc.). ), protection level, and the distance from the enterprise sewage outlet.
4.2.3.5's list shows the name of the environmental protection target, the location and distance from the enterprise boundary, the population of densely populated residential areas, the relative location of schools and students, and the relative location and contact information of hospitals.
4.2.3.6 enterprises are involved in surface water, groundwater, sea area, atmospheric environmental function zoning, receiving water bodies (including tributaries and main streams) and environmental standards implemented, and environmental standards implemented by regional surface water, groundwater (or seawater) and regional ambient air.
Design scale, daily water supply and contact information of downstream water supply facilities service area of 4.2.3.7 enterprises; Name, location and distance of water intake, geographical location (latitude and longitude), irrigation area within the service scope, and basic farmland protection area.
Groundwater pumping downstream of enterprises in 4.2.3.8.
Basic information of enterprises around 4.2.3.9.
4.2.3. 10 The road conditions around the enterprise and the flow direction of traffic trunk lines.
4.2.3. 1 1 Description of environmental protection objectives of transportation (transportation) routes for hazardous substances and hazardous wastes of enterprises.
4.2.3. 12 List of other enterprises producing similar pollutants in the same basin or region and their pollution discharge.
4.3 Environmental risk assessment and emergency response capability assessment
4.3. 1 Define the hazards existing in the enterprise, the results of environmental risk assessment, the consequences and scope of possible environmental pollution incidents.
4.3.2 Identify the risks of environmental pollution incidents existing in enterprises.
4.3.3 For dangerous targets that may cause environmental pollution incidents, the degree of danger of key devices, key parts and major environmental hazards should be analyzed as the main basis for event classification.
4.3.4 According to the risk degree of environmental pollution events, analyze and evaluate the emergency resources, disposal capacity and comprehensive emergency capacity of employees of the enterprise, find out the shortcomings, and take corresponding strengthening measures in emergency support.
4.4 Emergency plan preparation
On the basis of the above investigation and analysis results, according to the type and influence scope of possible environmental pollution events, the emergency plan is prepared. Make specific arrangements for the responsibilities, personnel, technology, equipment, facilities (equipment), materials, rescue operations and their command and coordination of emergency agencies in advance. Emergency plans should make full use of social emergency resources and be linked with the plans of local governments, higher authorities and relevant departments.
4.5 Review, release and update of emergency plan
After the preparation of the emergency plan is completed, it should be reviewed. The review shall be organized by the principal responsible person of the enterprise, relevant departments and professionals. The external review is organized by the superior competent department, and the relevant enterprises, environmental protection departments, surrounding public representatives and experts review the enterprise's plan. After the scheme is reviewed and improved, it will be signed and released by the principal responsible person of the unit and reported to the local environmental protection department for the record as required. At the same time, clear implementation time, departments, enterprises, communities, etc. When the institutions and personnel involved in the laws and regulations on which the enterprise's emergency plan is based have undergone major changes, or major defects are found in the implementation, the enterprise shall promptly organize the revision. The enterprise shall organize the annual review of the plan, and timely organize the revision according to the review conclusion.
4.6 Implementation of emergency plan
After the plan is approved and released, the enterprise shall implement all the work and facilities in the plan, clarify the division of responsibilities and tasks, strengthen the publicity, education and training of emergency knowledge, organize emergency plan drills regularly, and realize the continuous improvement of emergency plan.
5. The main contents of the emergency plan
5. 1 general rules
5. 1. 1 compilation purpose
Clarify the purpose, goal and function of planning.
5. 1.2 Compilation basis
Clear national laws, regulations, rules, departmental documents, technical specifications and standards of relevant industries, as well as relevant systems and management measures of enterprises on emergency work.
5. 1.3 Scope of application
Clarify the applicable object and scope of the emergency plan, as well as the types and grades of environmental pollution incidents.
5. 1.4 event classification
Refer to the national emergency plan for sudden environmental incidents.
5. 1.5 working principle
It is clear that emergency work should follow the principles of prevention first, harm reduction, unified leadership and graded responsibility, enterprise self-help, territorial management, resource integration and linkage disposal.
5. 1.6 Description of emergency plan relationship
Clarify the relationship between emergency plans and internal emergency plans of enterprises and other external emergency plans, supplement the corresponding relationship diagram, and express the horizontal connection and up-and-down connection between plans.
5.2 Organization and responsibilities
5.2. 1 organization
Clarify the composition of emergency organizations. Generally, it is composed of emergency leading group, emergency command center, offices and working institutions, major emergency departments, emergency work support departments, information groups, expert groups and on-site emergency headquarters. , and try to express it in the form of structure diagram.
5.2.2 Responsibility
Clarify the emergency work responsibilities, coordination and management categories, main problems to be solved and specific operation steps of each department in the emergency organization system.
5.3 Prevention and early warning
5.3. 1 hazard monitoring
Make a clear investigation, registration and evaluation of the dangerous sources and dangerous areas that may cause major environmental emergencies in this area, organize inspection and monitoring, and take safety precautions to prevent the occurrence of environmental emergencies.
After confirming the information that may lead to sudden environmental incidents, the emergency command organization shall promptly study and determine the response plan, and notify relevant departments and units to take corresponding measures to prevent the occurrence of incidents.
Prevention and emergency preparedness
Clarify the prevention and emergency preparedness work that members of emergency organizations need to carry out according to their own responsibilities, such as improving emergency plans, emergency training, drills, relevant knowledge training, emergency platform construction, new technology research and development, etc.
Monitoring and early warning
5.3.3. 1 Conduct routine monitoring of key sewage outlets according to the principle of early detection, early reporting and early disposal.
According to the emergency capacity of enterprises and the level of possible environmental emergencies, 5.3.3.2 has carried out targeted emergency monitoring.
5.4 Emergency response
5.4. 1 Response Process
According to the types and characteristics of the plan, the process and steps of emergency response are defined and represented by flow chart.
Hierarchical response
According to the degree of urgency and hazard, the emergency response is graded.
Starting condition
Define the starting conditions of different levels of plans.
Information reporting and disposal
5.4.4. 1 Define 24-hour emergency call, format and requirements of internal information report, and notification process of event information;
5.4.4.2 clarified the department, method, content and time limit of incident information reporting;
5.4.4.3 has made clear the ways and methods of sending relevant information to the units that may be affected by the accident and the units that request assistance after the accident.
contingency reserve
Make clear the preparatory work before the implementation of emergency action, including issuing the order to start the plan, convening an emergency meeting and contacting members of emergency organizations.
Emergency monitoring
5.4.6. 1 It is clear that in case of emergency, the enterprise shall cooperate with the work according to the requirements of the environmental protection department of the people's government where the incident occurred.
5.4.6.2 has defined the emergency monitoring plan, including emergency monitoring of contaminated sites and laboratories.
Methods, instruments and drugs.
When environmental emergencies occur in 5.4.6.3, enterprise environmental monitoring institutions should immediately carry out emergency monitoring, and cooperate with relevant agencies of government departments to monitor after the government departments arrive.
site disposal
5.4.7. 1 On-site disposal of water environmental pollution incidents
According to the nature, event type, controllability, severity, influence scope and water environment status of pollutants, the following contents need to be determined:
(1) Description of the water body that may be affected, including water body scale, hydrological conditions, water body function, water quality status, etc.
(2) Make monitoring plan and implement emergency monitoring;
(3) Effective methods to cut off pollution sources and technical methods to control and reduce the leakage of pollutants to the external environment after the incident;
(4) Formulate preventive measures for water poisoning incidents and rescue measures for poisoned personnel;
(5) Description of other measures that need to be taken (such as other enterprises restricting and stopping sewage discharge, water diversion, diversion of polluted water bodies, emergency measures of water plants, etc.). );
(6) Describe the emergency measures for transboundary pollution incidents;
(7) Other explanations.
On-site Disposal of Toxic Gas Diffusion Event in 5.4.7.2
According to the nature and event type of pollutants, controllability, severity and influence range of events, wind direction, wind speed and terrain conditions, the following contents need to be determined:
(1) Effective measures to cut off pollution sources;
(2) Formulate on-site decontamination measures or other disposal measures for gas leakage events;
(3) Identify the areas and regional environmental conditions that may be affected;
(4) Make monitoring plan and implement emergency monitoring;
(5) Evacuation methods and routes, basic protective measures and personal protective methods for enterprises, units and communities in the area that may be affected;
(6) Temporary resettlement places;
(7) the surrounding road isolation or traffic diversion scheme;
(8) Other explanations.
On-site Disposal of 5.4.7.3 Oil Spill Accident
According to the amount of oil spilled and the types of oil products, the following contents need to be determined:
(1) Formulate effective measures to cut off the oil spill source and control the affected areas;
(2) Make monitoring plan and implement emergency monitoring;
(3) Formulate measures to isolate and alert the accident site to prevent fire and explosion;
(4) Formulate oil recovery measures to reduce environmental pollution;
(5) Formulate measures to reduce the social impact caused by oil spill;
(6) Other explanations.
On-site Disposal of Hazardous Chemicals and Hazardous Wastes Pollution Events in 5.4.7.4
According to the nature, pollution severity and influence scope of hazardous chemicals and hazardous wastes, the following contents need to be determined:
(1) Effective measures to cut off pollution sources;
(2) Formulate measures to prevent the occurrence of secondary environmental pollution incidents;
(3) Identify the areas and regional environmental conditions that may be affected;
(4) Make monitoring plan and implement emergency monitoring;
(5) Manners and routes of personnel evacuation, basic protective measures and personal protective methods in areas that may be affected;
(6) Temporary resettlement places;
(7) the surrounding road isolation or traffic diversion scheme;
(8) Other explanations.
On-site Disposal of Radiation Events in 5.4.7.5
(1) If the radioactive source is lost, stolen or robbed, the following contents shall be determined:
1) Formulate measures and steps to search for radioactive sources;
2) Formulate methods to publicize the characteristics of radioactive hazards in designated areas;
3) Other instructions.
(2) For radioactive material leakage, the following contents shall be determined:
1) formulate measures to cut off the way to expand the radiation range;
2) Develop a real-time monitoring scheme;
3) Formulate personal protective measures for on-site professional and technical personnel;
4) To formulate protection measures and prevention plans for the surrounding people;
5) Other instructions.
On-site rescue, treatment and hospital treatment of the injured in 5.4.7.6.
According to the classification of events, the setting and handling capacity of nearby disease control medical institutions, an operable disposal plan shall be formulated, which shall include the following contents:
(1) List of available emergency resources, such as emergency centers, hospitals, CDC, ambulances, emergency personnel, etc.
(2) List of emergency rescue centers and poisoning control centers;
(3) National Poisoning Emergency Network;
(4) The common sense of first aid for the wounded.
5.5 Safety protection
5.5. 1 Safety protection of emergency personnel. Clear the protection measures at the scene of the incident;
5.5.2 Safety protection of affected personnel. Formulate safety protection measures, evacuation measures and medical rescue plans for patients.
5.6 Prevention of Secondary Disasters
Formulate secondary disaster prevention measures, on-site monitoring plans and on-site personnel evacuation plans to prevent personnel poisoning or secondary environmental incidents.
5.7 The state of emergency is lifted
5.7. 1 Define the conditions for emergency termination;
5.7.2 Determine the procedures for emergency termination;
5.7.3 After the emergency state is clear, continue to follow the environmental monitoring and assessment plan.
5.8 aftermath
5.8. 1 Define the resettlement and loss compensation scheme for the affected people;
5.8.2 Cooperate with relevant departments to assess the long-term environmental impact of environmental pollution incidents;
5.8.3 Define the contents and procedures of environmental restoration and reconstruction.
5.9 Emergency Support
5.9. 1 Emergency Support Plan
Set the target of emergency resources construction and reserve, implement the main body of responsibility, clarify the source of emergency special funds, determine the external supporting institutions, and formulate measures for the shortcomings found in emergency capacity assessment.
Emergency resources
The main body responsible for emergency support shall, according to the existing emergency support plan, implement the standards and measures for emergency experts, emergency teams, emergency funds and emergency materials allocation and deployment.
5.9.3 Emergency supplies and equipment support
Enterprises should establish and improve the material security system based on emergency material reserves and supplemented by social relief materials, and establish a dynamic management system for emergency materials.
emergency communication
Clarify the contact information and methods of units and personnel related to emergency work, and provide backup plans. Establish and improve the emergency communication system and supporting facilities to ensure smooth information in case of emergency.
Emergency technology
Explain the technical means and institutions of emergency response.
Other guarantees
According to the needs of emergency work, determine other relevant safeguard measures (transportation, public security, medical care, logistics, institutional mechanisms, external information release guarantee, etc.). ).
5. 10 plan management
5. 10. 1 preplan training
Explain the emergency training plan, methods and requirements of this enterprise. If the planning involves relevant parties, it shall be clearly publicized and informed.
5. 10.2 preplan drill
Explain the mode and frequency of emergency drills, formulate specific plans for enterprise emergency drills, organize planning and implementation, summarize after the drills, and organize relevant enterprises and experts to observe and exchange some emergency drills in due course.
5. 10.3 plan revision
Explain the basic requirements and time limit for the revision, change and improvement of the emergency plan, as well as the ways adopted to achieve continuous improvement.
5. 10.4 plan filing
Explain the filing method, audit requirements and filing department of the plan.
5. 1 1 Supplementary clauses
5. 1 1. 1 scheme signing and explanation
Define the signer of the plan and the plan interpretation department.
5. 1 1.2 Implementation of the Plan
Clear the implementation time of the plan.
5. 12 attachment
(1) environmental risk assessment document;
(2) hazardous waste registration documents or enterprise hazardous waste list;
(3) enterprise emergency address book;
(4) Address book of emergency experts;
(5) The distribution of enterprise environmental monitoring emergency network;
(6) Contact address book of enterprise environmental monitoring institutions;
(7) External (relevant government departments, rescue units, experts, environmental protection targets, etc.) address book. ) contact unit;
(8) unit location map, regional location, distribution of surrounding environmental protection targets, location relationship map, unit and surrounding evacuation routes;
(9) Location map of major hazard sources (production and storage devices, etc.). ) unit;
(10) emergency facilities (standby) layout;
(1 1) hazardous substance transportation (transportation) route and environmental protection target location map;
(12) Network diagram of rainwater, clean sewage and sewage collection and discharge of enterprises;
(13) groundwater flow diagram and planning diagram of drinking water source protection area in the area where the enterprise is located;
(14) Various systems and procedures, such as information report (format) form of environmental emergencies, emergency plan start (termination) order (format), emergency plan change record form, etc.
(15) Catalogue of relevant national and local environmental standards;
(16) others.
Ministry of environmental protection
20 10 year 1 month