A, home furnishing wire purchase method
1, selection classroom: home furnishing wire purchase method
2, selection classroom: wire purchase method analysis
2, home furnishing wire installation precautions
3, wire groove purchase and installation precautions home furnishing is no small matter
4, can not be ignored hidden engineering home furnishing wire Precautions
5, home furnishing wire purchase tips to be careful of hidden projects at home
three, home furnishing wire routine maintenance
6, home furnishing circuit safety is the most important tips wire installation and maintenance
In home furnishing, many people in the choice of wire in order to save money, that wire does not have to be too expensive, the general can be, in fact, this idea is wrong. . Because the wire is generally installed in the wall, once the quality problem to repair, it will be very troublesome, so be sure to buy high-quality wire. So, the choice and use of home improvement wire should pay attention to what? Follow the editorial below to understand the purchase of wire approach.
One, recognize the "CCC" certification mark
Wire and cable products with the majority of consumers have a close relationship with life, its quality, safety or not directly affect the majority of consumers' personal and property safety. Therefore, wire and cable products is the national mandatory safety certification of products, all manufacturers must obtain the China Electrical Product Certification Committee certification "CCC" certification, access to "CCC" certification mark, in the certificate or product "CCC" certification mark.
Two, insulation
National standards on the uniformity of the wire insulation to be thinner, the average thickness of a clear data requirements. Regular wire insulation thickness uniformity, not partial core, and tightly wrapped in the conductor.
Three, the core
Choose pure copper raw materials production and after strict drawing, annealing (softening), stranded core. Its surface should be bright, smooth, burr-free, stranded tightness flat, soft and tough, not easy to break. You can ask the merchant to cut a severed head to see the copper core material.
Four, the product appearance smooth and round, uniform color. In order to improve product quality, to ensure that the product meets the requirements of national standards, in the purchase of raw materials, production equipment, production processes and other aspects of strict control. Therefore, the production of wire and cable products in line with the appearance of the standard requirements: smooth and round, uniform color.
Fifth, the conductor has a glossy, DC resistance, conductor structure size and other requirements in line with national standards. Meet the national standard requirements of the wire and cable products, whether it is aluminum material conductor, or copper material conductor is relatively bright, no oil, and thus the DC resistance of the conductor is in full compliance with national standards, has good electrical conductivity, high security.
Wire is an essential building materials in home improvement, home improvement in many people will ignore the importance of hidden projects, and because of the building materials market is cluttered, many times it is difficult for consumers to buy a satisfactory product, this issue of the editorial staff to give you detailed tips on how to choose and buy home improvement wires, come to understand it.
Theoretically, the wire should be used first to meet the standard of copper core wire. Insulation material should be reliable, anti-aging damage. Specific standards are appropriate to use BVV2 × 2.5 and BVV2 × 1.5 models of wire. BVV is the national standard code for copper sheathed wire, 2 × 2.5 and 2 × 1.5 represent 2 core 2.5 square millimeters and 2 core 1.5 square millimeters, respectively. In general, 2 × 2.5 to do the main line, trunk line, 2 × 1.5 to do a single appliance branch line, switch line. Single-phase air-conditioning dedicated line with BVV2 × 4, another special ground line.
The first move, the way to buy
In big cities, buy the genuine is actually very easy, directly to the factory call to buy.
For the small city is much more trouble. Before you buy, you can give the factory a call and ask if there is any agent in this city and if there is delivery. If not, try not to choose these brands of wire, most of the ones bought outside are fake. Buy unknown manufacturers of wire, try to choose the big city wire factory products, it is best to go to the agent to buy, and cheap, and reliable.
The second move, carefully test
Decoration will generally buy red, blue, flower three wires, the three wires will be cut off a section of each planing, do the following tests
1, with a magnet to suck, to see if the wire contains iron.
2, spiral micrometer (micrometer), to see the diameter of the copper wire. 2.5 square of 1.78 mm, not less than 1.762. 4 square of 2.25 mm.
3. Bring a meter and measure the resistivity.
4, look at the copper color, the first look at the three kinds of line color is consistent, fake line due to poor production process, the color of a variety of colors, thickness is not consistent; real wire thickness is consistent, the color is consistent, especially bright metallic color (because it is also an alloy itself, and the color of the pure copper has a little difference).
The third trick, observe the indicators
1, first look at the roll of wire packaging card, with or without the China Electrical Product Certification Committee "Great Wall logo" and production license number.
2, and then look at the wire outer plastic skin is bright color, fine texture, lit with a lighter should be no open flame. Informal products use recycled plastic, dull color, loose texture, can ignite an open flame.
3, followed by the length, than the price. BVV2 × 2.5 length of each roll is 100 ± 5 meters, the market price of about 280 yuan. Informal products vary in length from 60-80 meters. Some manufacturers make the insulation thicker, making it difficult for insiders to see the problem. You can count the number of turns of the wire, and then multiply it by the radius of the whole roll, you can roughly deduce the length. Prices in this category range from $100-$130.
Wire is an indispensable basic building materials for home decoration, but also an important element of the hidden project, whether the quality of the wire is too high, directly related to the effect of the decoration and the safety of electricity. Therefore, in the purchase or selection of wire, how to quickly and accurately check the quality of wire good or bad? Follow the editor to learn how to choose and buy wires.
1, look at the packaging
Look at the packaging has a complete certificate of conformity, certificate of conformity should include specifications, the implementation of the scale, rated voltage, length, date, factory name and address and other complete information. Look for China's national compulsory product certification "CCC" and production license number; look for quality system certification; see whether the certificate of conformity is standardized; see whether the wire is printed on the trademark, specifications, voltage, etc..
2, check the size of the wire
In the relevant scale, the length of the wire can not be more than 2% error, cross-section diameter can not be more than 0.02%, but there is a large number of the market in the length of the short catty, in the cross-section on the phenomenon of falsehoods.
3, look at the color of copper
Qualified copper core wire copper core should be purplish red, shiny, soft touch. And shoddy copper core wire copper core is purple basalt, yellowish or whitish.
4, look at the insulation skin
Shoddy wire insulation looks as if it is very thick, in fact, most of them are made of recycled plastic, as long as a little hard to squeeze, squeeze the place will be white, and there is a powder fall.
5, look at the weight of the wire
Good quality wire, generally in the delineation of the weight range. Such as the commonly used cross-sectional area of 1.5mm2 plastic insulated single-stranded copper wire, per 100m weight of 1.8 ~ 1.9kg.
Home improvement, the quality of the wire and our lives and property safety is closely related, do not be greedy for cheap and choose poor quality wire, so the choice and use of wires should be based on the national mandatory safety certification of the product requirements in order to rest assured that the use of the product. Follow the editor to understand the purchase method of the wire.
I. Length
The BV2.5 square specifications, for example (such line for the family's most commonly used specifications) the national standard (hereinafter referred to as the national standard), is the length of 100 meters, filament diameter: 1.78mm, the copper used is purple copper. This is often used in the jerry-built one of the tricks, some people will say, I bought the wire marked above the number of meters, see is 100 meters, you have to pay attention to, he has a meter mark, but in the middle part, some shady businessmen are undercounted by 10 meters. For example, after 30 meters, then start marking 40 meters.
Then if you take a ruler a little bit of measurement, is not very troublesome? Editors recommend a calculation method to you, the error is within 1 meter.
As shown in the figure above, the number of A roots of the wire across the surface; B roots of the wire on the firm surface; C length from either side of the edge to the length of the inner disk (in meters), not to unravel the disk, this disk of wire meters = A roots × B roots × C length × 3.14.
If a disk of BV2.5 wire: A roots of 12, B roots of 16, C length of 16.5 centimeters , which is 0.165 meters, then the length of this reel of wire is: 12 × 16 × 0.165 × 3.14 = 99.47 meters, the error is within 1 meter.
Knowing this method, no matter which kind of wire, 2 square, 4 square, you just need to count, a little measure can know the number of meters.
Two, wire diameter
This is one of the most common ways to cut corners. For example, 2.5 square BV wire, commonly known as copper single, is a wire of copper wire, why call it 2.5 square? Because this wire cross-section of copper wire is 2.5 square millimeters, that 2.5 square BV line, the diameter of its copper wire is 1.78mm
From the chart we can see that the disk BV2.5 square wire, copper wire diameter is 1.772mm because the state allows a certain error, so this error is also defaulted to the range of sensible. That readers should pay attention to, look at the picture above, I am measured from the two ends of the wire. The real crooks, is not in the two ends of the tampering. Do something about the place, is in the middle part. The following diagram:
At both ends of the wire, are the standard wire diameter, but after three meters, it began to become thin, jerry-built from here onwards.
III. Copper quality
The real purple copper, is reddish color, and brass is yellowish. Additionally purple copper is soft and brass is hard.
As long as you don't buy copper clad aluminum (aluminum, but plated with a layer of copper on the outside, generally used in soft wires), brass is not too much of a fake.
Four.PVC material
This is too professional, not here not to speak more. But you can be sure that no one to do the copper wire are very standard, and go in the PVC above cutting corners. Because a ton of good PVC is only 8000 yuan. And copper a ton to 59,000 yuan. So can in a lot is cutting corners on top of the copper.
Electricity safety is related to the life and health of every family member, in addition to these intuitive building materials, in fact, more important is the hidden project of the wire, in the purchase of wire, will inevitably encounter the quality of substandard products, then how to buy high-quality wire? What are the precautions to be taken when buying wires? The following one to understand it.
One, wire purchase channels
The price is not too sensitive to the user can go to the regular shopping malls to buy wires, after all, have access to the physical, more intuitive, recognize the wire printed on the trademark, specifications, voltage, etc., in case of error.
If you want to buy a cost-effective wire, you can only choose the online shopping channels, some brands also opened on Taobao brand flagship store, belonging to the official direct, you can rest assured that the biggest advantage is that the price is much cheaper than the offline shopping malls, because the elimination of site rent, sanitation fees and layers of agents markups and other links.
Two, wire type
The two most important types of wire in the home furnishing wire is BV and BVR wire, the current home furnishing bv wire is used more than the bvr wire.
The degree of softness and hardness, BV wire hardness is greater than BVR wire, the inner core are 99.99% oxygen-free copper.
BV:
Advantages: long service life, due to the small ratio of circular area / cross-sectional area, not easy to oxidize, short-circuit current impact resistance. Generally used in shielding projects; in some strict requirements, such as current transformer secondary lead wire, the specification is clearly marked to prohibit the use of BVR wire.
Disadvantages: the wire is harder, it is difficult to straighten after bending, many times repeatedly bending - straighten easy to be injured, in the set of small tube labor. Mostly used in fixed, buried environment.
BVR:
Advantages: because the line is softer, more in the activities of the power place and temporary power place, installation, drag and drop together to move easily.
Disadvantages: short service life, due to the ratio of the outer circular area / cross-sectional area, oxidation speed, if the short-circuit current impact, after high temperature, the surface of the serious oxidation, the effective cross-section is greatly reduced, prone to core breakage, localized heating and other issues, from the safety of electricity should be replaced in a timely manner.
Three, flame retardant wire
In recent years, the higher safety factor of flame retardant wire, has become the preferred choice of many users, flame retardant BV is an upgrade of ordinary BV, is a security technology revolution, so the process and raw material requirements are higher, so the cost is higher, the general market price is higher than the ordinary BV by 10% or so, a lot of brands are still because of a lack of technological strength, there is no way to produce! Flame-retardant BV, flame-retardant BV can withstand high temperatures up to 1000 degrees, while the ordinary BV 200-300 degrees has burned up, posing a security risk. The main reason why flame retardant BV has a high ignition point is that the outer sheath is made of flame retardant plastic, and there are flame retardant components inside. At high temperatures, this flame retardant sheath will not burn, only melt. Therefore, it will not burn directly like ordinary BV, and the safety factor will be much more. For long term safety, we recommend you to use flame retardant BV wires!
Four, wire purchase notes
Wire a length of 100 meters, plus or minus 0.5 meters, some businesses also provide zero-cut wire, this short section of the wire to meet the needs of some users to buy a small amount of wire.
Common specifications for 1 square / 1.5 square / 2.5 square / 4 square / 6 square / 10 square, etc.;
Generally used for sockets is a single-core wire bv2.5 square wire;
3 hp air conditioning more than a single-core wire bv4-square wire, according to the color of the 3 rolls of a set of different colors (used for the zero line, the firewire, the ground line);
Used for lamps and lanterns Lighting is a single-core wire bv1.5 square wire, according to different colors of two rolls of a group (for zero and fire);
Single-core wire bv6 square wire used to enter the home bus;
Fire is generally yellow, green, red, zero line for the blue, the ground can be optional color yellow-green bi-color line;
Two-core, three-core sheathed wire is to do the use of the open wire, used for the site of the construction with more
Two-core, three-core sheathed wire is used as open wire, mostly used for construction in the construction site, home furnishing is not used, three-core sheathed wire 2.5 square can be used for cabinet air conditioning.
Electricity safety is a clichéd topic, but also an important issue related to the safety of our lives and property, in the process of renovation, electricity, electrical conduit processing and other aspects should be handled with care, otherwise it will leave the renovation regrets, so that there is a hidden danger of home electricity safety.
1, wire without insulation pipe sleeve wire vulnerable to damage
Some irresponsible builders in the construction of wires buried directly into the wall, the wires are not insulated pipe sleeve, wire connectors are directly exposed, this is prone to cause safety hazards, is a typical jerry-built phenomenon. In the future life, the wire lack of protection, easy to be chewed off by rats or receive external damage, and wire short circuit.
Solution:
The laying of wires is clearly regulated, and the wires must be protected by insulated sleeves outside, and the joints cannot be exposed. Therefore, in the construction supervision, the owner must supervise the construction party whether the construction according to the requirements of the construction. If the wires have been laid, it is recommended to re-demolish the wall rectification to ensure the safety of home electricity.
2, the circuit color is not clear easy to cause electrical hazards
Homeowner Mr. Huang's home has just been renovated, but due to the renovation process belongs to the superintendent, the home inspection found that the laying of the wires color is not clear. Such a situation is mostly due to the construction workers will be used in other construction sites with the remaining wires cobbled together to your home to use the situation caused by this for the maintenance of the later left a security risk.
Solution:
According to the construction regulations, the red color code for the fire line, blue, green or black color code for the zero line, yellow and green color line for the ground color code. In a set of housing color code need to distinguish clearly, the installation of the use of uniform color separation. If the line has been installed without a unified color, it is recommended that another left mark on the line, and clearly marked on the circuit diagram for future viewing.
Electrical engineering construction tips:
Outlets should be installed more, rather than lack. Stairwells must have outlets. Next to the furnace hood, gas water heater above, next to the sink do not design outlets, there are security risks. Switches should not be placed behind the door and other narrow distance. Walkway as well as the elderly room is best to design a dual-control lamp, this end on, that end off.
Home improvement is no small matter, in the electrician to carry on the circuit line, often will use the wire trough. Wire trough is a suitable for the installation of wires arranged in the base, so that the wires will not be exposed outside the opening, so that the top cover can easily cover the base, the wires have a protective effect. So how to buy wire trough? The following small make up to introduce the classification of the wire trough and the notes on the installation of the wire trough, come to understand it.
1, wire trough classification
Common wire trough a variety of types, such as: insulated wiring trough, toggle type wiring trough, miniature wiring trough, partition type wiring trough, indoor decorative wiring trough, one-piece insulated wiring trough, telephone wiring trough, Japanese telephone wiring trough, wiring trough, open wire wiring trough, round wiring tube, exhibition with partition wiring trough, round floor wiring trough, soft round floor wiring trough, cover wiring trough, soft round floor wiring trough. The user can select the suitable wire trough according to the decoration needs.
2, wire trough installation
1, wire trough flat without twisting deformation, no burrs on the inner wall, the joints are tight and straight, a variety of accessories.
2, wire groove with interface should be flat, the joints are tight and straight, groove cover should be mounted on the flat, no warping, the correct location of the outlet.
3, the line trough through the deformation joints, the line trough itself should be disconnected, the line trough connected with the connection plate, shall not be fixed, the protection of the ground wire should be compensated for the margin, the line trough CT300 * 100 below and the cross Dan fixed 1 bolt, CT400 * 100 or more must be fixed 2 bolts.
4, non-metallic trunking all non-conductive parts should be connected and spanned accordingly, so that it becomes a whole, and make a good overall connection.
5, laying in the shaft of the trunking and through the different fire zones of the trunking, according to the design requirements of the location of the fire blocking measures.
6, linear end of the steel trunking length of more than 30m plus expansion joints, cable trunking across the deformation joints at the compensation device.
7, metal cable trunking and its bracket length should be not less than 2 and grounding (PE) or zero (PEN) trunking connection.
8, non-galvanized cable trough between the ends of the connecting plate across the copper core ground wire, ground wire minimum allowable cross-sectional area of not less than BVR-4mm.
9, galvanized cable trough between the ends of the connecting plate is not across the ground wire, but the connecting plate at both ends of the connecting bolt not less than 2 with anti-loosening nut or anti-loosening washer connection.
With the significant improvement in living standards and the increase in household appliances, people's demand for electricity is increasing, the use of wires also increased. Although the wire is a small but significant responsibility, it is an indispensable basic building materials for home improvement, whether the quality of the wire is too high, directly related to the home furnishing circuit safety. Need to know that many fires, electrocution accidents are caused by poor quality of electrical wiring. Therefore, in the home improvement, the choice of wire must not be careless.
One of the first step in the purchase of wires to understand the wire of common sense
Wire used to transmit electrical (magnetic) energy, information and electromagnetic energy conversion wire products. Home improvement, wire is indispensable hidden project decoration building materials. To choose the appropriate and high-quality wire products, the first need to understand some of the small knowledge about the wire.
1, the difference between wire and cable
Used for circuit decoration wire we usually collectively referred to as wire and cable, wire and cable and no strict boundaries. If you have to distinguish, that is, the wire is composed of one or more soft wire, wrapped in a light soft protective layer; cable is composed of one or more insulated wire, wrapped in metal or rubber outside the tough outer layer. Home furnishings generally do not need to use to the cable, wire to meet the requirements.
2, household wire classification
Wire classification is diverse, according to the use of different purposes can be divided into a variety of types. Household wire compared to other uses such as engineering wire, the functional requirements of the wire is relatively low. Specifically, household wires are categorized as follows.
3, the conventional size of the household wire
We often hear about how many square wires that refers to the size of the wire, the common size of 1.5 square, 2.5 square, 4 square, 6 square, 10 square, these kinds of. Wire square is square millimeters, is the size of the cross-sectional area of the wire conductor.
Two, beware of electrical wiring installation misunderstandings electricity safety first
Electrical wiring for the home to bring light, so that life is full of all kinds of fun, to meet the needs of the family's life. But in doing wire installation construction, if there is negligence, easy to make the home environment a variety of safety hazards.
Misunderstanding 1: strong and weak power **** tube
Our homes are commonly used in the AC power, some construction teams for the convenience of construction, directly all the wires are organized together, power lines, network cable, telephone lines, etc. are placed in the same bottom in the combination, so that the line will be interfered with, resulting in signal instability. It will also lay a hidden danger for the home fire. Strong and weak power should be separate lines, it is strictly prohibited strong and weak power *** with a pipe and a bottom box, strong power lines parallel spacing can not be less than 3cm, preferably 50cm, cross must be at right angles.
Misunderstanding 2: repeated wiring
Some construction workers in order to make the pipeline looks clearer, each wire is used a pipe line, so that the wall is buried inside a number of pipes. Make future repairs, it is difficult to find out the location of the problem piping, or must destroy most of the structure of the wall and floor to find the problem point. Generally speaking, the line should be made into a "live line", in the case of not more than forty percent of the capacity of the pipeline, the same direction of the wires in a pipe. This is not only economic, but also to avoid the trouble of future maintenance.
Misunderstanding 3: wire buried directly without casing
Some irresponsible builders in the construction of wires buried directly into the wall, the wires are not insulated with a good pipe sleeve, wire joints directly exposed, which can easily lead to safety hazards, is a typical phenomenon of jerry-built. In later life, the wire lack of protection, easy to be bitten off by rats or receive external damage, and wire short circuit. The laying of wires specification is clear, the wires must be protected by an insulated casing outside, the joints can not be exposed. Therefore, in the construction supervision, the owner must monitor the construction party whether the construction according to the requirements of the construction.
Misconception 4: socket wires installed at will
Power supply wires must be used copper wire cross-section. If you live in an old house, be sure to replace the original aluminum wire with copper wire. Because aluminum wire is very easy to oxidize, the joints are easy to fire. There have been surveys showing that the incidence of electrical fires in homes with aluminum wiring is dozens of times that of copper wiring. In addition, many families for the sake of aesthetics, will be used to open the groove buried line, hidden pipe laying way. Wiring must follow the "fire line into the switch, zero line into the lamp" principle, but also in the socket on the leakage protection device.
Three, home circuits heavy safety wires need regular maintenance
Overload is also called "overload", the current through the wire will make the wire hot, which is a normal phenomenon. But if overloaded, fine wires through the current, it is easy to cause a fire.
Indoor installation of open wires, the ambient temperature should not be higher than 35 c. In the wire within the safety of the current-carrying selection of wires, wires will not overheat. But more than the safe current-carrying capacity of the wire, the wire will heat up, the heat of the wire and the square of the current strength is directly proportional to the current strength, if the current strength increased by 2 times, the heat will be 4 times more than the original increase in the wire will cause overheating, easy to cause a fire.
1, wire overload is mainly due to:
New line selection line is too thin, small cross-section; in the old line arbitrarily increase the load; fuse selection is not appropriate. Fuse selection fine, often power outages, not conducive to power supply; fuse selection thick, overloaded fuse constantly, resulting in overheating and burned wire insulation, but also easy to cause a fire.
2, wire maintenance attention to the seven matters
The length of the wire period, depending on the quality of the wire and wire installation environment. Wire mainly rely on the outer layer of skin insulation, a long time, corrosive gases corrosion, insulation performance gradually reduced, slowly aging hard, brittle or fall off. Loss of insulating properties of the wire is very dangerous, if two wires touch together or the fire line touches something connected to the earth, the phenomenon of electricity will occur, so that the local temperature of the wire rises, resulting in sparks, resulting in fire. Therefore, we should pay attention to:
One, the wire should not be damp, heat, corrosion or bruises.
Second, the wire to a certain age to pay attention to the inspection, found fault, should be replaced in a timely manner.
Three, the wire should not be overloaded.
Four, often check the use of home electrical and wiring, timely maintenance and overhaul.
Fifth, for the old building lines, found to be flooded or wet, especially the line is in disrepair occurring aging should immediately ask the electrician to be repaired.
Sixth, for the lines easily soaked by flooding, electricians should be asked to relocate the line, take elevated, moisture-proof measures.
Seven, rainy days, such as power outages should immediately cut off the power supply, electricians to check the cause, and send someone to take care of.