In our ordinary student life, is not a lot of people hear the composition of the head? It is recommended that you must develop a good habit of accumulating essay material. Do you know where the composition material comes from? The following is my collection and environmental protection related to the composition material, just for reference, we take a look at it.
1, global warming and urban "heat island"
Global warming will cause changes in precipitation and wet and dry conditions in all regions of the world, which will lead to changes in the economic structure of the world.
The mid-latitudes will become arid because of the strong evaporation caused by warming, and the areas that are now agriculturally developed will be degraded into grasslands; the high latitudes will increase precipitation because of warming, and temperate crops will be able to settle here.
But globally, the negative impacts of warming on the world economy are dominant, and the benefits are localized to certain regions.
Cities are much warmer than their suburbs, like islands of warmth. China's largest urban "heat island" Beijing, than the suburbs, the temperature is 9.6 degrees higher than the maximum temperature difference between Shanghai and the suburbs also amounted to 6.8 degrees. The reason for the urban "heat island" effect is that the city's population is concentrated and growing, industry is developed, and residents' lives, industrial production, and automobiles and other means of transportation consume a lot of coal, oil, natural gas and other fuels every day, releasing a lot of man-made heat. Another reason is that the building complexes in the city made of concrete, stone, brick and tile piled up with asphalt, cement, ceramics, stone and other paved roads, sidewalks, squares, etc., replacing the natural ground originally covered by vegetation and crops. They have a small albedo, high heat capacity, and absorb a lot of solar energy.
2, the rapid extinction of species
As a result of the impact of human activities, in particular, the indiscriminate deforestation, indiscriminate cultivation of grasslands, as well as environmental pollution, resulting in the loss of wild
animals and plants habitat or growth and the deterioration of the living environment, coupled with indiscriminate hunting of wildlife, so that the world's many species of wild animals and plants have gone extinct or are on the verge of extinction. The loss of habitat and the deterioration of the living environment, coupled with the indiscriminate hunting of wild animals and plants, has made many species of wild animals and plants in the world extinct or endangered.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) published a Red Alert List of endangered species in 1996, which shows that 24% of the world's 4,500 existing mammals are facing extinction, and 12% of the 9,500 existing species of birds are on the verge of extinction. Of the approximately 10,000 known species of woody plants, about 6% are on the verge of extinction, with about 1,000 of them in critical condition. Every 24 hours, 150 to 200 biological species say goodbye to the earth forever, and according to information, the current rate of species extinction on earth is 1 million times faster than the rate of formation. China is a country very rich in wildlife, but its biodiversity is facing serious threats. In angiosperms, there are 1,000 endangered species and 28 extremely endangered species; in gymnosperms, there are 63 endangered species and 14 extremely endangered species, and there is already one species that has become extinct; and in vertebrates, there are 433 threatened species.
3, the world's water resources are seriously insufficient
With the rapid growth of the world's population, water consumption continues to increase, coupled with the increasingly serious water pollution, so that many of the original can be
The use of freshwater resources have been destroyed. Currently, 60% of the world's regions are facing a shortage of water supply, 20% of the population has difficulty in accessing clean water, and 50% of the population has no access to sanitation water. Many countries are experiencing water stress, and in recent years the United States, Japan, and many countries in Eastern Europe have experienced water shortages, and even Russia and Canada, which are relatively rich in freshwater resources, are threatened by water shortages in some areas. Some countries in Africa have been experiencing droughts for years, and the lack of water is a direct threat to people's survival. It is predicted that the water crisis will become the "most contentious issue" in cities in the 21st century.
4. The global nature of environmental problems
Environmental problems are not only a national or regional problem, but have now developed into a global problem. When an environmental problem occurs in a region, the impact often extends well beyond that region. For example, acid rain with the movement of the atmosphere, can affect a very far away area; international river upstream is polluted, will make the river basin suffers the impact of the whole ...... environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly serious, waste gas, waste water and even solid waste can be transferred from one country to another. Some environmental problems even affect the survival and development of all mankind. For example, the destruction of tropical rainforests in the Amazon River Basin will have an impact on the global climate; the rising concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and the destruction of the ozone layer is a threat to all mankind.
5, China's resource situation
From the total amount of natural resources, China's total amount of many kinds of natural resources in the world's forefront, called the land is large and abundant
resource country. However, our population is so large that the per capita share of all types of resources is very small.
The relative lack of resources per capita is the basic situation of China's resources.
China's arable land area ranks fourth in the world, per capita arable land occupation is only equivalent to the world's average value of 1/3; forest area ranks sixth in the world, per capita forest occupation is only equivalent to the world's average value of 1/5; China's mineral resources reserves in the world's third largest in terms of value, per capita occupancy of equivalent to the world's average value of 3/5 ... ...And as our population continues to increase, the per capita share of various resources will continue to decline. The relative lack of resources per capita has become a constraining factor in China's economic development and the improvement of people's living standards. China's resources are also characterized by uneven regional distribution. For example, China's water resources in the south more, less in the north, arable land resources are less in the south, more in the north, very unfavorable to the development of agriculture.
6, atmospheric pollution
Scientists have found that at least 100 kinds of atmospheric pollutants harm the environment, which is more harmful to human health
sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrofluorocarbons and so on. Atmospheric pollutants seriously jeopardize the human trachea, lungs and other respiratory systems.
Caused by atmospheric pollution is mainly caused by industrial production and transportation emissions and dust, industrial production emissions of dust particles also adsorbed many toxic and harmful substances. These pollutants in the atmosphere will also occur in a variety of chemical reactions, generating 5 times in the 50's, 8 times in the 60's, 13 times in the 70's, and 14 times in the 80's generation; a violent black storm event occurred in 1993. After that, every year in April and May, Gansu Hexi Corridor at least once, and in 2020, continuous is 8 times. According to authoritative experts analyze, in 10-20 years, in the face of increasing population, the ecological environment is deteriorating the status quo, if you do not take effective measures, China's dust storms and sandstorms, the frequency, intensity and degree of harm there is the possibility of further aggravation.
Attachment: other environmental protection essay material
First, "Xuelong" completed the fourth expedition to the Arctic task
September 20, 2010, China's fourth Arctic scientific research team completed the scientific expedition.
The expedition focused on the impact of rapid changes in Arctic sea ice on China's environment and meteorology, so that the country can take better action and strategies in global climate change. The researchers found that the Arctic sea ice melting phenomenon is serious. According to Yu Xingguang, an expert in scientific research, China is in the northern hemisphere, and the rapid changes in the Arctic have a great impact on China's climate, ecology and environment.
In the "Snow Dragon" to the north, the team found that the sea ice north of 84 degrees north latitude sea ice appeared a large number of inter-ice channels or ponds. This shows that the Arctic sea ice accelerated melting is an indisputable fact. It should be said that the changes in the Arctic Ocean are alarming, and if this situation is allowed to develop, it may generate a lot of environmental problems, and the impact on China will be huge.
The Arctic expedition centered on the hot scientific issues of international Arctic research, and obtained multi-disciplinary three-dimensional measured data, which not only played a positive role in the in-depth understanding of the Arctic changes and its impact on China's climate and environment, but also provided valuable field information for international Arctic scientific research.
[Application guidance]
In recent years, international disputes around the Arctic have been increasing, and there is even a tendency of military confrontation, with many countries focusing on the Arctic's resources, and very few examining this silent and bustling cold polar region from a scientific point of view. The Chinese research team, from the Arctic climate perspective, undoubtedly has human value.
[Suitable Topics]
The Arctic and environmental change, science and life, natural resources and human development, surface and depth, far and near, etc.
Second, the high patient population next to the landfill
In recent years, most of the high morbidity areas have been formed around large landfills. The number of environmental dispute cases has been increasing, and has become one of the major environmental issues at home and abroad.
Beijing Liulitun landfill near a residential area, suffering from tumor-like disease and respiratory disease incidence has increased significantly. In a list provided by the public, there are as many as 70 people who have suffered and died from tumor-like illnesses alone in the past seven years. In the case of the villages near the Asuwei landfill in Beijing, for example, livestock have died, plants have grown strangely, and the neighborhood of Asuwei has become a village of dead trees, silly goats, and sick people. According to incomplete statistics, in recent years, suffering from respiratory type of disease, cerebral thrombosis, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, the number of people and the number of deaths than before a significant increase; villagers at home to provide their own oxygen inhalation device for more than half of the households; thirty-forty years of age and older people, suffering from cerebral thrombosis, the proportion of the number of people up to more than 60%.
Internationally, incineration as the main treatment of waste-to-energy plants, the same threat to the health of nearby residents. According to the Greenpeace study "Incinerators and Human Health", incinerators potentially damage human health, mainly in inducing mutations, cancer, respiratory diseases, sex ratio disorders, birth defects, multiple pregnancies, heart disease, skin diseases, urological disorders, changes in thyroid hormones, and so on, 10 aspects.
In the United Kingdom, Spain and Japan, employees of old and modern `incineration plants, were found to have elevated levels of total dioxin toxic equivalents in the body, affecting health; in Italy, residents of urban areas close to waste incineration, the rate of cancer is greatly increased, and the mortality rate of lung cancer rose 6. 7 times; between 1962 and 1992, workers in a waste incineration plant, the mortality rate of gastric cancer increased 2. 79 times. In the United Kingdom, a study involving 70 municipal incinerators and 307 hospitals medical incinerators, living in the vicinity of the probability of children's cancer deaths increased twofold; in Belgium, the two incinerators near the Ville Lac residents of the newborn congenital anomalies increased by 1. 26 times.
[Application guidance]
The process of social development has produced a large amount of garbage. The storage and treatment of garbage is a systematic project. Without unified planning and scientific methods, it will be difficult to find a fundamental way to solve the garbage problem. Nowadays, everyone is a garbage maker and a victim, and those who live near the garbage dump are undoubtedly more y victimized.
[Suitable topics]
Environmental protection and life, garbage and health, garbage and civilization, environment and survival, etc..
Three, the Yellow River open river fish into a rare treasure
According to the Voice of China reported, every year in late March, with the Yellow River ice melting the river open, eat open river fish has become a gourmet meal on the table of Baotou people. However, now, due to the poor ecological environment, the real Yellow River open river fish in Baotou market is very rare. The main living environment of Kaihe fish is in the Yellow River. However, with the increase of population and factories on both sides of the Yellow River in recent years, the water of the Yellow River has been seriously polluted. The Baotou section of the Yellow River has suffered the most serious water pollution since the founding of the country, the Yellow River water volatile phenol exceeded the standard 92 times, potassium permanganate index exceeded the standard 12 times. This ecological environment led to the death of 80% of the unique wild fish in the Yellow River section. Yellow River fish is less than a year, the national reputation of the Baotou Yellow River carp is now difficult to find. Currently in the Baotou market everyone ate the open river fish the vast majority of the Yellow River water is fed by the Yellow River, the real open river fish salvaged from the Yellow River has become a rare treasure.
[Using the guide]
The Yellow River fish, which was common on the table of ordinary people, has become a rare commodity due to the deterioration of the ecological environment and the decline of water quality. Nurturing the mother river of Chinese civilization, but now is suffering from the merciless destruction, the cradle of civilization is being destroyed. This heartbreaking topic, with great irony!
[Suitable topics]
Environment and life, mother river crisis, biological crisis, human crisis, and so on.
Fourth, water is more expensive than oil
Dubai is not just a city that fails to live within its means, it is also ecologically overdrawn. Neatly manicured lawns are filled with water-spraying sprinklers. In a cold room the size of a small mountain, a ski slope has been built with natural snow. Yet this is a desert - the most water-stressed place in the world.
Someone built an air-conditioned beach in Dubai, with cold pipes laid under the sand so that the toes of the illustrious would not burn. The new Tiger Woods Gold Golf Course needs tons of water to irrigate its grounds every day. Sandstorms often swept through the city, making the sky a blur of dust. After the dust, the heat sets in, baking everything that isn't artificially humidified.
There is no surface water here, and it has one of the lowest precipitation levels in the world. The UAE's water, desalinated from desalination plants in the Gulf, is the most expensive in the world. The cost of producing fresh water exceeds the cost of producing gasoline. Even when staying still, the demand for water is quite high in Dubai. Dubai is particularly vulnerable in the coming era of water scarcity and energy transition from oil to other sources.
Water quality is getting worse. Visitors can often see untreated sewage and dirt floating in the sea. Dubai is expanding too fast, and its sewage treatment facilities are not keeping pace. The sea has turned black and stinks. It's a great irony that tourists are told: don't go into the sea, it's full of feces and bacteria - tourists come here to enjoy the beach life!
[Usage Guidelines]
The Dubai people trade oil for money, and then use the money to destroy the ecological balance of nature - building natural snowfields and air-conditioned beaches in the desert. The Dubai people spend more on producing fresh water than on producing gasoline, and they use that water to spray lawns. It is a great irony that a world-famous tourist city is filled with so much sewage, dirt, and bacteria, which is so contrary to the image of clarity and holiness in people's minds!
[Suitable topics]
The environment and civilization, the source of life, money and the environment, ecology and sustainable development.
V. "Weeping" glaciers
Michael Nolan, a renowned photographer and expert on the marine environment, recently photographed a group of Arctic glaciers collapsing to reveal a picture of a "crying face". "
Michael Nolan, a renowned photographer and marine environmental expert, recently captured a picture of a "crying face" that appeared when the Arctic glaciers collapsed.
According to glacier experts, the ice sheet in the photo is melting at a rate of 160 feet (49 meters) per year. Other scientists, after comparing nearly 300 polar bear skulls, have found that the size of polar bear skulls has shrunk between 2 and 9 percent over the past 100 years. Scientists infer that polar bear carapaces have now shrunk in size compared to their ancestral carapaces, and believe that this phenomenon is related to the melting of ice and increased pollution in the Arctic.
Global warming has led to the melting of Arctic ice, making it difficult for polar bears to find a foothold in the ice during their foraging process, and forcing them to spend long periods of time immersed in seawater. The lack of clean water in the Arctic in recent years, and the contamination of the Arctic with chemicals such as pesticides, coolants, solvents and adhesives, has made polar bears at the top of the food chain the most "poisoned" animals, and through lactation these toxins are passed on to their offspring, thus affecting the health and reproductive balance of the polar bears.
Humans living in the polar regions are not immune. Scientists have found harmful chemicals in the blood of some women and children in the Arctic. There have been reports of a serious gender imbalance in Arctic births, with more than twice as many girls as boys, due to increased pollution. Scientists believe that the polar changes of recent years are tantamount to a preview of what the rest of the world will see in the next 25 years.
[Usage Guidelines]
The "weeping" glaciers should give people pause for thought. We hope that what the photographer captured is just an accidental natural phenomenon, but if all the glaciers in the world start to "cry" constantly, then the lives and properties of the people living near the glaciers and the coastal inhabitants will be in jeopardy. At that time, it will be us human beings who will be crying. If we don't want to see a world disaster, then we should take urgent measures to effectively curb global warming.
[Suitable Topics]
Climate and Life, Glaciers and Humans, Nature's Cry, Humans' Cry, etc.