In terms of the HVAC industry, due to the factors from the hot and cold sources to the transmission and distribution system to the end equipment to the user space to the outdoor factors are the entire HVAC system or components, the current design institute for a variety of reasons can only be done to design simple conditions, so that the design itself is more or less biased to take the whole of the factors, a well-designed system can have a strong adaptive capacity to adapt to changes in various factors, the system can have strong adaptive capacity to adapt to changes in various factors. A well-designed system can have a strong adaptive capacity to adapt to changes in various factors.
For example, the external meteorological changes, terminal equipment, transmission and distribution systems, heat and cold sources are able to make adjustments accordingly, of course, these adjustments are only narrowed down to the scope of the debugging may be the understanding of the valve adjustment, in fact, it should not be just the valve. Sometimes even with strategic adjustments, in simple terms is actually a very typical dynamic planning problem (see operations research), the goal is to run the most cost-effective, which is best reflected in the ice storage system, and now the designers, and even masters do not have a deep understanding of this. Therefore, if the design is not able to adapt to all kinds of situations, debugging is the skin does not exist Mao will not attach the problem, the tune is not out, the simplest is too much when I design is not labeled with the air volume of each air outlet, how do you adjust, can only hang the cloth, look at each of the wind on OKAY.
Turning back to say debugging, design time to consider all kinds of factors affecting, then debugging work must be able to the ideal effect? Not necessarily, such as, static water system imbalance problems can be solved through commissioning, and the dynamic impact of relying solely on the valves one by one manual adjustment has been unable to achieve, so the operation of the control strategy at this time is very important, and the domestic HVAC design and control system is often not made by the HVAC personnel, and the final system where the system is running at a high level of energy consumption, will not be a big problem.
So, in the final analysis, the design of the control strategy should be done, do the whole life cycle of the operation strategy, and then take the ice storage system as an example, this control system to be able to adapt, to learn, run a year or two after a very large amount of data, control strategy development designers are still following the adjustment (this can be done?), I think the designers to do this one of the most important thing is that the control system should be able to adapt, and then the control system should be able to adapt, and then the control system should be able to adapt. I think the designers who do a project like this are the masters of the project category, and the lessons learned are summarized.
And the reality is not at all, the master with an apprentice, not a problem do not want to think about how I design things, the first time the master told the practice to do a lifetime, and then tell their apprentices, so the cycle, so that the HVAC into a low value-added garbage industry, to get out of the very high investment, high operating costs of the garbage building (for example, I understand that the headquarters of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Building, operating costs of 400 yuan / m2, ~ 550 yuan / m2, the designers will also follow the adjustment (this can be done). ~550 yuan/m2 variable air volume system).
Central air-conditioning installation construction, acceptance specifications
1, construction process
Construction preparation - site acceptance - installation of indoor systems - hidden works acceptance - installation of outdoor units - the Joint commissioning pressure - completion and acceptance - after the renovation of the closing re-inspection.
1.1 Construction preparation
Organization of personnel, preparation of tools, design confirmation, organization of goods, procurement of materials.
1.2 Acceptance of entry
Construction design program acceptance, system equipment acceptance, material accessories acceptance.
1.3 Installation of indoor system
The first step: according to the location of the host (air disk) drilling, slotting, routing;
The second step: hanging indoor unit (installation of air disk), installation of fluorine pipe, installation of condensate pipe;
The third step: installation of air duct or water pipe.
1.4 Concealed project acceptance
Hanging acceptance of the indoor unit system, acceptance of the system wiring, acceptance of the installation of air ducts or water piping, acceptance of the installation of condensate pipe.
1.5 Installation of outdoor unit
Fixing the main unit, connecting the pipeline, making insulation.
1.6 Joint commissioning pressure
System commissioning, pressure test (water machine).
1.7 Completion and acceptance
Mainframe system installation acceptance, system operation test acceptance, condensate discharge test acceptance, written documents and legacy issues handover.
1.8 After renovation closing re-inspection
After the completion of the customer's renovation, the completion of the closing, free re-inspection, re-inspection of the same content as the completion of the acceptance.
2, the basic standards of acceptance
2.1 The basic standards of acceptance
2.1.1 The basic standards of acceptance of the construction design program
1, the program is complete, complete drawings, in line with the appropriate national standards and norms;
2, the program to meet the customer's actual needs;
3, the program is consistent with the construction site
3, the program meets the requirements of the site construction conditions, the indoor host (wind panel) installation location is reasonably designed, the installation location of the outdoor unit is firm and reliable, well ventilated, away from strong heat sources and other equipment exhaust, and does not violate the provisions of the property management;
4, the program pipeline routing design is reasonable, in line with the requirements of building construction codes.
2.1.2 Basic standards for acceptance of system equipment
1, the incoming system equipment packaging is complete and undamaged and in line with the contract;
2, the brand, specifications, models, and quantities of equipment with the contract agreement;
3, after the equipment is unpacked, according to the packing list inventory check all the spare parts, accessories, materials and special tools, and check the instructions
3. After the equipment is unpacked, check all the parts, accessories and special tools according to the packing list, and check whether the instruction manuals, certificates of conformity, inspection records and necessary assembly drawings and technical documents are complete.
4, the equipment and its parts and components of the surface without defects and corrosion, etc.;
5, the equipment power specifications and the site power supply is consistent.
2.1.3 Basic standards for acceptance of materials and fittings
1, according to the list of materials and fittings of the construction design program, check the brand, name, specification and model of the main materials and fittings, of which the standard materials and fittings should be in line with the national standard and complete relevant documents. Other materials and accessories can be sampling check.
2, materials and accessories should be free of damage and aging phenomenon.
2.2 The basic standard of concealed project acceptance
2.2.1 The basic standard of acceptance of indoor unit system lifting
1, indoor unit lifting level;
2, lifting the connection part with anti-vibration rubber cushion;
3, the installation standard of the air valve;
4, the installation standard of wind disk of water system.
2.2.2 System line acceptance of the basic standards
1, horizontal and vertical trunking;
2, punching norms and standards;
3, the use of design provisions of the threading pipe;
4, the power line and control cables are in line with the design specifications of the national standard cables;
5, single-phase power supply phase line should be used for the red line (blue, yellow line can also be used), zero line, the zero line is the same as the other two. Blue, yellow line), the zero line with a black line. Three-phase power supply of the three phase lines (A, B, C) should be used respectively red, yellow, green-colored line, the zero line with a black line, the grounding line with a yellow-green two-color line.
6, the power line and the control line should be laid separately, and marked with a sub-number line.
2.2.3 Basic standards for acceptance of installation of air ducts and water pipes
1, the position, elevation and direction of the air ducts installed in accordance with the design standards;
2, the connection of the air ducts is tight and firm, no dead bends, damage to the phenomenon of concave;
3, air ducts, support, hangers, brackets are installed firmly, straight, does not interfere with the air outlet, valves, check the door and the operation of the automatic control mechanism. The operation of the organization to use.
4, air duct fixed support, hanger spacing standards: horizontal duct diameter or long side size less than 400mm, duct support, hanger spacing should be less than 4m; horizontal duct diameter or long side size greater than 400mm, support, hanger spacing should be less than 3m. vertical duct support, hanger spacing should be less than 4m, each riser should not be less than 2 fixed pieces.
5, water pipe materials, diameter in line with the design requirements;
6, water pipe installation coordinates, elevation and longitudinal and lateral curvature should be in line with the design provisions; pipeline lifting firmly, the location of the correct, straight, no obvious deviation.
7, water pipe fixed support, hanger spacing standards: = 1 \* GB3 ① PP-R pipe: when the pipe diameter of 25mm, the spacing is less than 0.6 meters; pipe diameter of 32mm, the spacing is less than 0.7 meters; pipe diameter of 40mm, the spacing is less than 0.8 meters; pipe diameter of 50mm, the spacing is less than 0.9 meters. = 2 \* GB3 ② galvanized pipe: when the pipe diameter of 20mm, the spacing is less than 2.0 meters; pipe diameter of 25mm, the spacing is less than 2.0 meters; pipe diameter of 32mm, the spacing is less than 2.5 meters; pipe diameter of 40mm, the spacing is less than 3.0 meters.
8, water piping and pumps, air conditioning units, fan coiler connection must be flexible takeover or soft takeover (metal or non-metal hose), and its connection to the pipeline should be set up independent bracket. Connection should be firm, not forcibly connected to the mouth, there shall be no strong twisted or deflated pipe phenomenon.
2.2.4 Condensate pipe installation and acceptance of the basic standards
1, condensate pipe material, diameter in line with the design requirements;
2, condensate pipe should be sloped to the drainage pipe, the slope should be greater than or equal to 8 ‰;
3, the length of the part of the connection of the hose should not be greater than 150mm. hose connection should be firm, there shall be no deflated and strong twisting Phenomenon;
4, condensate pipe fixed support, hanger spacing standards: when the pipe diameter of 25mm, the spacing is less than 1 meter; pipe diameter of 32mm, the spacing is less than 1.2 meters; pipe diameter of 40mm, the spacing is less than 1.4 meters; pipe diameter of 50mm, the spacing is less than 1.6 meters.
5, water and water storage test, no leakage.
2.3 Basic standards for completion and acceptance
2.3.1 Basic standards for acceptance of the installation of the host system
1, review the installation of the indoor host system (wind panel);
2, outdoor unit is firmly installed, hanging on the outside wall of the outdoor unit, the outdoor unit connected to the rack, the connection between the rack and the wall, the connection must be tight, and the quality must be ensured and the Withstand capacity.
3, the outdoor unit is installed on the roof platform, waterproof measures should be taken - the seat installation position is 200-300mm above the ground, there is a drainage tank around the seat;
4, the outdoor unit and the seat of the outdoor unit and the seat should be added between the rubber damping pads, the outdoor unit's water inlet and outlet The water inlet and outlet of the outdoor unit must be connected with a soft connector, and do not allow the pipeline in the outdoor unit to be subjected to a large torque;
5, the installation of the outdoor unit to maintain the level.
6, the system host and refrigerant piping connection seal is intact, refrigerant piping should meet the design requirements, there shall be no cracks, folds and other defects;
7, refrigerant piping through the wall or floor should be set up to protect the casing, piping weld shall not be placed in the casing. Protection casing should be flush with the wall or floor, but should be 20mm higher than the ground, and should be tilted to the outdoors, the gap between the pipeline and the casing should be plugged with insulation or other non-combustible materials;
8, the system's electrical engineering must be in line with national electrical standards, the site should be set up with a special power supply for air-conditioning, and with the system of air-conditioning equipment, electricity specifications and indicators to match. Should be installed separately the corresponding capacity of leakage protector, air switch and other protective devices, and a reliable grounding system.
9, water system for pressure test, pressure work must be 24 hours before the completion and acceptance of the day, and maintained until the completion and acceptance of the day. Pressure test pressure standard: when the working pressure is less than or equal to 1.0MPa, the test pressure is 1.5 times the working pressure, generally controlled at 0.7MPa or so; when the working pressure is greater than 1.0MPa, the test pressure for the working pressure plus 0.5MPa. Hydraulic test should be carried out in the temperature above 5 ℃, otherwise there should be anti-freezing measures.
10, air outlet and duct connection using direct bonding or soft joint connection, the connection must be flat, sealed (if the customer decoration is not completed and temporarily can not install the air outlet, this check can be put into the "closing re-examination" to be carried out).
2.3.2 System operation test acceptance of the basic standards
1, the system is running smoothly, no abnormal vibration and sound, the noise does not exceed the design specifications in the product specification and the relevant national standards;
2, the end of the equipment (fan coil unit, air conditioning box) temperature control switch control action should be correct, and with the air-conditioning unit running status corresponds to each other;
3, the system sends the air conditioning unit to the air conditioning unit.
3, the system sends and returns the wind smoothly, the temperature of the air outlet to meet the design standards;
4, the measured value of the air outlet of the three wind speed and air volume and the deviation of the design of the air volume is less than 10%.
2.3.3 Condensate discharge test acceptance of the basic standards
1, the condensate system again water test, no leakage phenomenon;
2, condensate discharge smooth.
2.3.4 Written documents and handover of remaining problems
1, the system's design, as-built drawings, instruction manuals, test data, field acceptance report and hidden engineering acceptance report and other written documents and materials are complete;
2, due to the customer's decoration is not completed and left behind the temporary installation of the air outlet, the controller and other issues, we will be the uninstalled air outlet, controller and so on. Wind outlet, controller, etc., and transferred to the customer reported to the museum, to be completed after the completion of the customer's renovation to notify us to complete the above finishing work;
3, after the completion of the above two transfer work, signed by the customer in the completion of the acceptance report, the system transfer is complete.
2.4 Re-inspection of closing work after renovation
When the closing work is completed, we will carry out a system re-inspection for the customer free of charge in accordance with the basic standards of completion and acceptance.
3, acceptance of the implementation methods
3.1 acceptance by the customer (or customer representatives) and our engineering design, supervision personnel *** with the composition;
3.2 acceptance of the time by the customer 48 hours in advance by us to inform the customer, if the customer is unable to attend for any reason, the two sides can be otherwise determined acceptance of the time;
3.3 quality problems found in the process of acceptance, we will be corrected. We will correct any quality problems found during the acceptance process. If our construction workers do not correct the problems found, trying to muddle through, once found, we not only immediately ordered its unconditional correction, but also pay 1000 yuan of quality compensation;
3.4 Acceptance of the completion of the work, the two sides should sign the acceptance report;
3.5 In order to express the customer's gratitude for participation in the acceptance of the work, we participate in all the three Acceptance Service Fee of 100RMB for all three acceptance inspections.