Reverse osmosis water treatment is a membrane separation technology driven by pressure by means of selective osmosis (semi-permeable membrane). When the pressure applied in the system is greater than the osmotic pressure of the incoming water solution, water molecules continuously penetrate the membrane and flow into the central pipe through the water-producing channel, and then impurities such as ions, organics, bacteria, viruses, etc. The water flowing from one end is trapped at the inlet side of the membrane and then flows out at the outlet end of concentrated water, thus achieving the purpose of separation and purification.
Operating pressure is applied to the water inlet (concentrated solution) side to overcome the natural osmotic pressure. When the operating pressure higher than the natural osmotic pressure is applied on the concentrated solution side, the natural osmotic flow direction of water molecules will be reversed, and some water molecules in the water inlet (concentrated solution) will become pure water on the dilute solution side through the reverse osmosis membrane; Reverse osmosis equipment can block all soluble salts and organic substances with molecular weight greater than 100, but allow water molecules to penetrate. The desalination rate of reverse osmosis composite membrane is generally greater than 98%. They are widely used in the preparation of industrial pure water and electronic ultrapure water, the production of drinking pure water, boiler water supply and other processes. Using reverse osmosis equipment before ion exchange can greatly reduce the discharge of operating water and wastewater.
Schematic diagram of reverse osmosis water treatment is as follows: