Urban planning map
Urban planning has always been one of the most urgent fields that need new visualization technology. Virtual reality technology can be widely used in all aspects of urban planning, and bring tangible and considerable benefits: the virtual reality system that shows the immersion and interactivity of planning schemes can not only bring users a strong and realistic sensory impact and get an immersive experience, but also obtain project data at any time in the real-time virtual environment through its data interface. It is convenient for the planning, design, bidding, approval and management of large-scale complex engineering projects, and is beneficial for designers and managers to assist in the design and scheme evaluation of various planning and design schemes. Avoid design risks. The virtual environment established by virtual reality is a combination of digital models based on real data, which strictly follows the standards and requirements of engineering project design, establishes a realistic three-dimensional scene and truly "reproduces" the planned project. Users roam freely in the three-dimensional scene and interact with each other, so they can easily find many imperceptible design defects, reduce the irreparable losses and regrets caused by poor planning in advance, and greatly improve the evaluation quality of the project. Speed up the design. Using virtual reality system, we can easily modify it, change the building height, change the material and color of the building facade, and change the green density, as long as we modify the parameters in the system. Thus, the speed and quality of scheme design are greatly accelerated, the efficiency of scheme design and modification is improved, a lot of funds are saved, and a platform for cooperation is provided. Virtual reality technology can enable government planning departments, project developers, engineers and the public to see the planning effect in real time from any angle, better grasp the urban form and understand the planner's design intention. Effective cooperation is the premise to ensure the ultimate success of urban planning, and virtual reality technology provides an ideal bridge for this cooperation, which can not be achieved by traditional means such as floor plan, renderings, sand table and even animation. Strengthen the publicity effect of large-scale planning projects concerned by the public. In the process of project scheme design, the virtual reality system can export the existing scheme into video files and make them into multimedia materials for publicity to a certain extent, so that the public can really participate in the project. After the project scheme is determined, multimedia promotional videos can also be made through video output to further improve the publicity and display effect of the project.
Application of Virtual Reality in Medicine
The application of virtual reality in medicine has very important practical significance. In a virtual environment, a virtual human model can be established. With the help of trackball, HMD and sensory gloves, students can easily understand the internal organs of human body, which is much more effective than the existing way of using textbooks. In the early 1990s, researchers such as Pieper and Satara established a virtual surgery trainer based on two SGI workstations, which was used for leg and abdominal surgery simulation. This virtual environment includes a virtual operating table, operating lights and virtual surgical tools (such as scalpels, syringes, surgical forceps, etc. ), virtual human models and organs. With the help of HMD and sensing gloves, users can operate on the virtual human model. However, the system needs further improvement, such as improving the realism of the environment, adding network functions, so that it can train multiple users at the same time, or work under the guidance of foreign experts. In addition, VR technology is of great significance in remote control of surgery, planning and arrangement of complex surgery, information guidance of surgical process, prediction of surgical consequences, improvement of living conditions of disabled people, and even development of new drugs. In medical colleges, students can practice "anatomy" and various surgical operations in the virtual laboratory. With this technology, the training cost is greatly reduced because it is not limited by specimens and venues. Some virtual reality systems used in medical training, practice and research have a very high degree of simulation, and their advantages and effects are immeasurable and incomparable. For example, the simulator of catheter insertion into artery allows students to practice the operation of catheter insertion into artery repeatedly; Ophthalmic surgery simulator creates three-dimensional images according to the structure of human eyes, and has real-time tactile feedback. Students can use it to observe and simulate the whole process of lens extraction, and observe the transparency of blood vessels, iris and sclera tissues and cornea in the anterior structure of the eye. There are also anesthesia virtual reality systems and oral surgery simulators. Before the actual operation, the surgeon can repeatedly simulate the operation on the display with the help of virtual reality technology, move the organs in the human body, find the best surgical plan and improve the proficiency. In addition, virtual reality technology can play a very important role in remote control of surgery, planning of complex surgery, information guidance of surgical process, prediction of surgical consequences, improvement of living conditions of disabled people, and even development of new drugs.
Application of Virtual Reality in Entertainment, Art and Education
Rich sensory ability and 3D display environment make VR an ideal video game tool. In recent years, VR has developed most rapidly in the entertainment field because of its low requirement for realism. For example, Chicago opened the world's first large-scale VR entertainment system that can be used by many people, with the theme of a future war in 3025; The VR game system named "Virtual" developed in Britain is equipped with HMD, which greatly enhances the sense of reality. 1992, a system named "LegendQust" added artificial intelligence function, which made the computer have self-learning function, greatly enhanced the interest and difficulty, and won the annual VR product award. In addition, VR also shows good prospects in home entertainment. As a medium for transmitting and displaying information, the potential application ability of VR in the future art field should not be underestimated. VR can transform static art (such as oil painting and sculpture). ) into dynamic art, and make the audience better appreciate the author's thoughts and art. In addition, VR improves the artistic expression ability. For example, a virtual musician can play all kinds of musical instruments, and people with inconvenient hands and feet or people who are far away from home can go to the virtual concert hall to enjoy concerts in his living room and so on. The potential application value of art is also applicable to education. For example, VR is a very powerful tool when explaining some abstract concepts of complex systems such as quantum physics. Lofin et al. established a "virtual physics laboratory" in 1993 to explain some physical concepts, such as position and velocity, force and displacement.
Application of Virtual Reality in Military and Aerospace Industry
Simulated Tiangong-1 simulated Tiangong-1
Simulation and training has always been an important topic in military and aerospace industries, which provides a broad application prospect for virtual reality. DARPA, the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the US Department of Defense, has been developing a virtual battlefield system named SIMNET since 1980s, which provides 1 training for tank cooperative training. The system can be connected with more than 200 simulators. In addition, VR technology can also be used to simulate the zero-gravity environment, instead of the current irregular underwater training methods for astronauts.
Application of Virtual Reality in Interior Design
Virtual reality is not only a demonstration medium, but also a design tool. It reflects the designer's ideas in a visual form. For example, before decorating a house, the first thing you have to do is to make a detailed conception of the structure and shape of the house. In order to quantify it, you need to design many drawings. Of course, these drawings can only be understood by insiders. Virtual reality can turn this idea into a visible virtual object and environment, upgrade the traditional design mode that can only be used to a digital WYSIWYG perfect state, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of design and planning. Using virtual reality technology, designers can build a decorated "virtual" room completely according to their own ideas, change their position in the room at will, and observe the design effect until they are satisfied. It not only saves time, but also saves the cost of making models.
Application of Virtual Reality in Real Estate Development
Application of Virtual Reality in Education
The application of virtual reality in education is a leap in the development of educational technology. It creates an "autonomous learning" environment, which replaces the traditional learning mode of "promoting learning through teaching" and becomes a new learning mode for learners to acquire knowledge and skills through their interaction with the information environment. It is mainly used in the following aspects: 1 Research on Science and Technology At present, many universities are actively studying virtual reality technology and its application, and have successively set up virtual reality and system simulation research rooms to quickly transform scientific research results into practical technologies, such as the application of Beihang University in distributed flight simulation; The application of virtual planning and virtual design in the architecture of Zhejiang University: the application of Harbin Institute of Technology in human-computer interaction: Tsinghua University's research on telepresence is more distinctive. Some laboratories even have the ability to undertake large-scale virtual reality projects independently. Virtual learning environment Virtual reality technology can provide students with vivid learning environment, such as building mannequins, computer space travel, showing the molecular structure of compounds, etc., and provide unlimited virtual experience in a wide range of disciplines, thus accelerating and consolidating the process of students' learning knowledge. Personal experience and feelings are more convincing than empty and abstract preaching. There are essential differences between active interaction and passive indoctrination. Virtual experiment uses virtual reality technology to establish various virtual laboratories, such as geography, physics, chemistry, biology and so on. It has incomparable advantages over traditional laboratories: 1, saving costs. Usually, we are limited by equipment, venues, funds and other hardware. Many experiments can't be carried out. Using virtual reality system, students can do all kinds of experiments without leaving home and get the same experience as real experiments. On the premise of ensuring the teaching effect, the cost is greatly saved. 2. Avoiding risks Real experiments or operations often bring all kinds of dangers. Using virtual reality technology to carry out virtual experiments, students can safely do all kinds of dangerous experiments in the virtual experimental environment. For example, a virtual airplane pilot teaching system can avoid serious accidents of airplane crash caused by students' operation mistakes. 3. Breaking the time and space constraints Using virtual reality technology, the time and space constraints can be completely broken. From cosmic objects to atomic particles, students can enter the interior of these objects for observation. Some changes that need decades or even hundreds of years to be observed can be presented to students in a short time through virtual reality technology. For example, Mendel's genetic law in biology often requires several months of experiments with fruit flies, and virtual technology can be realized in one class. 2 Virtual training base: a virtual training base established by using virtual reality technology. Most of its "devices" and "components" are virtual, and new devices can be generated at any time. The teaching content can be constantly updated, so that the training can keep up with the development of technology in time. At the same time, the immersion and interactivity of virtual reality enable students to play a role in the virtual learning environment and devote themselves to the learning environment, which is very beneficial to students' skill training. Including military combat skills, surgical skills, teaching skills, sports skills, automobile driving skills, fruit tree cultivation skills, electrical maintenance skills and other vocational skills training, because the virtual training system is not dangerous, students can take pains to practice repeatedly until they master operational skills. For example, in the virtual aircraft driving training system, students can repeatedly operate the control equipment, learn to take off and land in various weather conditions, and master the driving skills through repeated training. 3. Virtual simulation campus: In a series of related documents, the Ministry of Education mentioned the virtual campus many times, clarifying the status and role of the virtual campus. Virtual campus is also the earliest concrete application of virtual reality technology in education and training. It has three application levels from shallow to deep, which meet the needs of the school to varying degrees: a simple virtual campus environment for tourists to browse based on teaching, educational administration and campus life, and a relatively complete three-dimensional visual virtual campus with a series of humanized functions. Virtual reality of distance education takes virtual reality technology as the basic platform of distance education, which can provide mobile electronic teaching places for branch schools and distance education teaching points established after the expansion of colleges and universities. Through the course catalogue and website of interactive distance education, using LAN tools as the link of campus website, we can provide open distance continuing education for all terminals, and also provide opportunities for new technology and higher vocational training for the society, creating greater economic and social benefits. With the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality technology, as well as the continuous reduction of the price of hardware equipment, we believe that virtual reality technology will gradually be valued and favored by educators by virtue of its strong teaching advantages and potential, and will eventually be widely used in the field of education and training to play its important role.
Application of Virtual Reality in Virtual Studio
With the development of advanced information technology such as computer network and three-dimensional graphics software, the production mode of TV programs has changed greatly. Virtual reality technology can achieve visual and auditory effects and human thinking. It sublimates human logical thinking. Virtual studio is the concrete embodiment of the combination of virtual reality technology and human thinking in TV program production. The main advantage of virtual broadcasting system is that it can express news information more effectively and enhance the appeal and interactivity of information. Traditional studios have more restrictions on program production. The scenery produced by the virtual studio system is a proportional three-dimensional design. When the camera moves, the virtual scene and foreground picture will change accordingly, thus increasing the realism of the program. Using virtual scenes is cost-effective in many ways. If it has the ability to change scenes in time, it can save money on the production of studio scenes. No need to move, no need to watch the scenery, which can reduce the demand pressure of employees. For a single episode, virtual production will not show great economic benefits, but it can save a lot of money in a series of programs with the same background and lens position. In addition, the virtual studio has production advantages. When considering the program mode, producers have a lot of choices and need not be too limited by the scene. The same program does not need the same studio, because the background can be stored on disk. It can give full play to the creator's artistic creativity and imagination, and create a high-quality background by using a variety of existing 3D animation software.
Application of Virtual Reality in Hydrogeological Research
Virtual reality technology is a new man-machine interface technology, which uses computer-generated virtual environment to realistically simulate people's visual, auditory and sports behaviors in natural environment. By using the immersion, interactive function with computer and real-time expression function of virtual reality technology, relevant geological, hydrogeological and professional models are established, and then the virtual expression of aquifer structure, groundwater flow, groundwater quality and environmental geological problems (such as land subsidence, seawater intrusion, soil desertification, salinization, swamp and regional falling funnel expansion trend) is realized. The concrete implementation steps include establishing virtual reality database, three-dimensional geological model, groundwater flow model, professional model and real-time prediction model.
Application of Virtual Reality in Maintenance
Virtual maintenance is an important research direction of virtual technology in recent years. The purpose of virtual maintenance is to show the maintenance process of equipment on the computer by using computer simulation and virtual reality technology, and to enhance the maintenance decision-making ability at all stages of equipment life cycle, including maintainability design analysis, maintainability demonstration verification, maintenance process verification, maintenance training implementation and so on. Virtual maintenance is the application of virtual reality technology in equipment maintenance. In modern coal mines, nuclear power plants and other places with high safety requirements, or before the rapid repair of equipment, carry out maintenance rehearsal and simulation. It breaks through the limitation of equipment maintenance in space and time, and can realize realistic operations such as equipment disassembly and fault maintenance, extract existing data and status data of production equipment, and test equipment performance. Virtual maintenance technology can also calculate the time, configuration, selection of maintenance tools, disassembly sequence of equipment parts, space required for maintenance and estimation of maintenance cost by simulating the operation process.
Application of Virtual Reality in Training and Practical Training
In some major safety industries, such as petroleum, natural gas, rail transit, aerospace and other fields, pre-job training has become extremely important, but the traditional training methods are obviously not suitable for the training needs of high-risk industries. The introduction of virtual reality technology makes virtual training a reality.
For example, Toyota Motor Corporation and Manheng Digital jointly built the Toyota Virtual Training Center, which combined high-end interactive equipment for motion capture and 3D stereoscopic display technology to provide students with a virtual environment that is completely consistent with the real environment. Trainers can interact with all the objects in the scene through human-computer interaction equipment in this virtual environment with real immersion and interactivity, experience real-time physical feedback and conduct various experimental operations. Through virtual training, students can not only master product knowledge, learn intuitively and improve employees' practical operation ability, but also greatly reduce the teaching and training costs of the company and improve the training environment. Most importantly, virtual training subverts the original boring and rigid teaching and training mode and explores a low-cost and efficient training road.
Application of Virtual Reality in Shipbuilding
Virtual reality technology can not only find and solve the problems in real ship construction in advance, but also provide sufficient information for management, so as to truly realize the ship.
Body construction, outfitting and painting are integrated, and design, manufacturing and management are integrated. In the field of ship design, virtual design covers areas that traditional design methods can not achieve, such as construction, maintenance, equipment use, customer needs and so on. So as to truly serve the whole life cycle of the product. Therefore, by developing a ship virtual design system for the whole life cycle of a ship, the quality of ship design can be greatly improved, the cost of ship construction can be reduced and the ship construction cycle can be shortened.
Application of Virtual Reality in Automobile Simulation
The automobile virtual development project comprehensively adopts computer-aided technology in the whole process of automobile development, and integrates computer simulation technology into all aspects of automobile development, such as modeling, design, calculation, test, mold manufacturing, stamping, welding and assembly, so as to develop and produce automobiles.
The building is placed in a strict data environment built by computer technology. The application of virtual reality technology greatly shortens the design cycle and improves the market response ability.
Application of Virtual Reality in Emergency Deduction
Nip in the bud is the focus of all walks of life, especially some dangerous industries (fire protection, electric power, petroleum, minerals, etc.). How to ensure the minimum loss when an accident comes is a traditional and effective preventive method, but its disadvantages are also quite obvious and the input cost is high. Every deduction requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and a lot of investment makes it impossible to carry out it often. The emergence of virtual reality provides a brand-new development model for emergency drills, which simulates the accident scene into a virtual scene, artificially creates various accidents and organizes participants to make correct responses. This deduction greatly reduces the input cost and improves the deduction training time, thus ensuring people's ability to cope with accidents and disasters, and can easily organize people from all over the world to carry out deduction. This case has been applied, and it will be a trend of future emergency deduction. Virtual exercise has the following advantages:
The simulated virtual training environment is built on the basis of the real training environment, and the operating rules are also based on the actual operating norms in reality. The ideal virtual environment can even reach the point where it is difficult for students to distinguish between true and false. Open virtual practice breaks the limitation of practice space, students can practice intensively in any geographical environment, and people no matter where they are can enter the same virtual practice place through relevant network communication equipment for real-time centralized practice. Compared with the real exercise in reality, the advantage of virtual exercise is that it can easily simulate any training subject. With the help of virtual reality technology, trainees can put themselves in various complex and unexpected environments, so as to carry out targeted training and improve their adaptability and related processing skills. Autonomy With the help of its own virtual drill system, each unit can organize relevant training guides, trainees and other relevant personnel to drill at any time and place according to its actual needs, and quickly obtain the drill results for evaluation and improvement. Students can also repeat drills spontaneously for many times, so that students are always in the leading position of training and master the initiative of training, which greatly increases the time and effect of training. Safety is the most important safety in power training, and the virtual exercise environment is far safer than reality. Students and trainees can boldly try various exercise schemes in the virtual environment. Even if a "catastrophe" is created, it will not cause "bad consequences", but all these will be included in the exercise evaluation as a reference for the final exercise assessment. In this way, under the condition of ensuring the personal safety of students, students can unload the burden of hidden dangers of accidents and conduct drills as extreme as possible, thus greatly improving their skills and ensuring the personal and accident safety in actual operation in the future. The application of virtual reality technology in power-related training has unparalleled advantages. Building a virtual practice platform is undoubtedly a trend of strength training.
Application of Virtual Reality in Cultural Relics and Monuments
Using virtual reality technology and network technology, the exhibition and protection of cultural relics can be improved to a new stage. First of all, it is manifested in the establishment of a three-dimensional or model database of cultural relics by means of image data collection, so as to save all kinds of data, spatial relations and other important resources of cultural relics and realize the scientific, high-precision and permanent preservation of endangered cultural relics resources. Secondly, using these technologies can improve the accuracy of cultural relics restoration, predict and choose the protection means to be adopted, and shorten the restoration cycle. Integrate and unify cultural relics resources on a large scale through computer network, and display cultural relics more comprehensively, vividly and realistically through virtual technology on a large scale through the network, so that cultural relics can be separated from geographical restrictions and enjoy resources, and truly become a cultural heritage that all mankind can "own". Using virtual reality technology can promote the cultural industry to enter the information age faster and realize the modernization of cultural relics display and protection.
Application of Virtual Reality in Games
Three-dimensional game is not only one of the important application directions of virtual reality technology, but also plays a huge demand traction role for the rapid development of virtual reality technology. Although there are many technical problems, in the highly competitive game market, virtual reality technology has been paid more and more attention and applied. It can be said that computer games have been developing in the direction of virtual reality since they came into being, and the ultimate goal of the development of virtual reality technology has also become the lofty pursuit of three-dimensional gamers. From the original word MUD game, to two-dimensional games, three-dimensional games, and then to three-dimensional online games, while maintaining its timeliness and interactivity, the fidelity and immersion of the game are also improved and strengthened step by step. We believe that with the rapid development of three-dimensional technology and the continuous progress of software and hardware technology, in the near future, real virtual reality games will certainly make new and greater contributions to human entertainment, education and economic development.
Application of Virtual Reality in Network 3d/ Product/Still Life Display
Web3D has four main application directions: business, education, entertainment and virtual community. For the three-dimensional representation of enterprises and e-commerce, it can show an object in all directions, which has incomparable advantages over two-dimensional plane images. Enterprises can publish products in three-dimensional form on the Internet, which can show all aspects of product appearance, demonstrate the functions and operations of products in an interactive way, and make full use of the high-speed and fast communication advantages of the Internet to promote the company's products. For online e-commerce, the products sold will be displayed in an online three-dimensional form. Customers can have a more comprehensive understanding of the products through observation and operation, and the probability of deciding to buy will greatly increase, bringing more profits to sellers. Nowadays, the teaching method in the education industry is no longer simply relying on books and teachers to teach. The introduction of computer-aided instruction (CAI) makes up for many aspects that traditional teaching cannot achieve. When expressing some spatial three-dimensional knowledge, such as the structure of atoms and molecules, the combination process of molecules, mechanical movement, etc., the three-dimensional presentation form will inevitably make the learning process vivid and easier for students to accept and master. Many practical experiences tell us that doing can accept more information than listening and speaking. Using 3D courseware with interactive function, students can get a deeper understanding in practical operation. For computer distance education system, the introduction of Web3D content will surely achieve good online education effect. The entertainment game industry will always be an enduring market. Nowadays, the Internet is not a single static world. Dynamic HTML, flash animation, streaming media audio and video make the whole Internet full of vitality. Dynamic pages attract more visitors than static pages. The introduction of three-dimensional is bound to cause a new round of visual impact, which will increase the number of visits to web pages. Entertainment websites can create a three-dimensional virtual host on the page to attract visitors. In addition to releasing 3D game CDs, game companies can now run online 3D games in a network environment. With the use of the Internet, the audience and coverage have expanded rapidly. Virtual reality display and virtual community use Web3D to realize VR display on the network, and only need to build a three-dimensional scene where a person walks from the first perspective. There can be interaction between the scene and the controller, and the generated high-quality picture makes people feel immersive. Provide solutions for virtual exhibition halls and virtual roaming exhibitions of construction real estate. If a multi-user environment is established and information can be transmitted to each other, the so-called virtual community will be formed.
Application of Virtual Reality in Road and Bridge
Urban planning has always been one of the most urgent fields of brand-new visualization technology. Virtual reality technology can be widely used in all aspects of urban planning and bring tangible and considerable benefits. Application Status of Virtual Reality Technology in Road Bridges Virtual reality technology has also been applied in road bridge construction. Because roads and bridges need to process a large number of 3D models and texture data at the same time, this situation needs high computer performance as background support. However, with the improvement of computer software and hardware technology in recent years, some original technical bottlenecks have been solved, which makes the application of virtual reality get unprecedented development. In China, many universities and institutions have been engaged in research and application in this field. Three-dimensional virtual reality platform software can be widely used in bridges, road design and other industries. The software has strong applicability, simple operation, powerful functions, high degree of visualization and WYSIWYG. Its appearance will bring new vitality to the developing VR industry. Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Road and Bridge The virtual reality technology has a very broad application prospect in road and bridge construction. Stable database information can be put in the background, which is convenient for the audience to query various technical indicators in real time. The surrounding area is supplemented by various media information, such as engineering background introduction, general situation of bid section, technical data, cross section, etc. Electronic map, sound, image and animation, and interact with the core virtual technology, so as to realize navigation, positioning and background in the demonstration scene.
Application of Virtual Reality in Geography
Using virtual reality technology, the three-dimensional ground model, orthophoto and three-dimensional model of urban streets, buildings and municipal facilities are fused together to reproduce the landscape of urban buildings and blocks. Users can intuitively see the vivid urban street landscape on the display screen, and can conduct a series of operations such as inquiry, measurement, roaming and flight browsing. So as to meet the needs of visualization development of digital city technology from two-dimensional GIS to three-dimensional virtual reality, and provide reference for urban planning, community service, property management, fire safety and so on. Electronic map technology is a comprehensive technology integrating geographic information system technology, digital mapping technology, multimedia technology and virtual reality technology. Electronic map is a kind of modern information product based on visual digital map, which uses multimedia such as words, photos, charts, sounds, animations and videos to show the comprehensive appearance of cities, enterprises, tourist attractions and other areas. It can be stored in the external memory of computer, spread in the form of CD-ROM and network, and provided to the public in the form of desktop computer or touch screen computer. Because the electronic map product combines the visualization function of digital mapping technology, data query and analysis function, information expression means of multimedia technology and virtual reality technology, and the role of modern electronic communication technology, it has won wide interest in society as soon as it appears!