Why should the pressure safety valve of a simple respirator be closed before establishing an artificial airway? This is probably because the ventilation system formed by the simple respirator and mask before establishing the artificial airway is not a completely sealed system, so it will not cause barotrauma and there is no need to open the pressure safety valve. Only when an artificial airway is established, the simple respirator and artificial airway become a sealed ventilation system, and the possibility of barotrauma greatly increases. At this time, the pressure safety valve must be opened for pressure protection. Simple respirator, also known as artificial respirator or oxygen bag, is a simple tool for artificial ventilation. Compared with mouth-to-mouth respiration, the oxygen supply concentration is high and the operation is simple. Especially when the condition is critical and there is no time for intubation, a pressurized mask can be used to directly supply oxygen, so that the patient can receive sufficient oxygen supply and improve tissue hypoxia.
First of all, let’s take a look at the structure of a simple respirator. A complete simple respirator consists of a mask, a balloon, an air storage bag and an oxygen connection tube. The key components to ensure the normal operation of the simple respirator are are its six valves. One-way valve (also called duckbill valve), exhalation valve, pressure safety valve, air intake valve, air storage valve and oxygen storage safety valve.
Let’s take a look at the working principle of a simple respirator: when the balloon is squeezed, positive pressure is generated, the valve A of the air inlet valve is closed, and under the strong push of the internal gas, the valve B of the one-way valve Open and block the C valve of the exhalation valve, and the gas in the balloon will be sent to the patient through the central incision of the one-way valve. If oxygen is used, the oxygen will be suspended as the ball recovers and the inhalation action is resumed. It will be stored in the ball and directly enter the patient's body when the balloon is squeezed. Release the squeezed balloon, and the one-way valve B is immediately pushed upward and is in a closed state, allowing the patient's exhaled air to be released through the exhalation valve C. At the same time, the air inlet valve A receives the negative pressure generated by the release of the ball, opens the air inlet valve valve, and sends the oxygen in the air storage bag into the ball until the ball completely returns to the state before extrusion.
As an instrument for rescuing critical and critical patients, simple respirators must be in good condition at all times, so daily testing of simple respirators is crucial. Below we will explain simple respirators to you through a video. Detection steps:
1. Mask: suitable size, moderate elasticity, no damage;
2. Inhalation valve: flatten the balloon with one hand and block it with the other hand Hold the open end of the neck of the balloon and release the hand that squeezes the balloon. If the balloon rebounds quickly, it means that the suction valve is working normally;
3. Balloon and suction valve: Block the ball with your hand Try squeezing the balloon at the open end of the neck of the balloon. If the balloon cannot be flattened with appropriate force, it means the balloon is intact and not damaged; the suction valve can prevent gas from flowing back;
4. Gas storage Bag and one-way valve: Install the air storage bag at the patient end interface and squeeze the balloon repeatedly. If the air storage bag fills quickly, it means that the air storage bag is intact and not damaged. The one-way valve is working normally and can deliver oxygen smoothly to the patient. patient.
5. Exhalation valve and one-way valve: When you squeeze the air storage bag filled with gas, you can see that the one-way valve is closed, and at the same time you feel the gas overflowing from the exhalation valve, indicating that the exhalation valve and one-way valve are closed. The valve is functioning properly.
6. Pressure safety valve: The pressure safety valve is an automatic pressure regulating device that can automatically adjust the air supply pressure within a safe range. The pressure safety valve has two modes. When closed, the pressure safety valve temporarily fails, blocks the air outlet, and squeezes the balloon. The balloon is not easily crushed. Open the pressure safety valve, squeeze the balloon, and you can see the pressure safety valve. Moving up and down indicates that the pressure safety valve is functioning properly.
7. Oxygen storage safety valve: Fill the air storage bag with air, connect it to the interface between the suction end and the oxygen storage bag, block the patient end interface with one hand, block the oxygen connection port with the other hand, and squeeze the air storage bag bag, you can see that the membrane of the oxygen storage safety valve is raised, indicating that the oxygen storage safety valve is functioning normally.