How power is converted to degrees

Power conversion efficiency = power supply for the host to provide the immediate output power / input power of the immediate power × 100% principle is so simple, however, there are two points to note. 1. different power supply products, its conversion efficiency is different; 2. the same power supply products, in different operating conditions, the conversion efficiency also has changes. The first point is easy to be understood, because different power products, their inherent voltage circuit, current converter and functional circuits will be different, coupled with their own power is not the same, so the conversion efficiency is different as a matter of course. But why the same product conversion efficiency will change? This is to start with the output voltage of the power supply: the input voltage of the power supply is rated 220V, while the output voltage is +12V, +5V, +3.3V different specifications, which means that the power supply has at least three different ("coil winding ratio", "magnetic leakage rate This means that there are at least three different transformers ("coil winding ratio", "magnetic leakage rate") in the power supply, and since the power consumption of the three transformers is not the same, it means that the voltage outputs of +12V, +5V, and +3.3V have different transformer conversion efficiencies. Generally speaking, the +12V output is responsible for powering the CPU and the hard disk and optical drive motors, the +5V output is responsible for powering the hard disk and optical drive PCBs, and the +3.3V output is responsible for powering the motherboard's memory modules. When the computer is in different operating conditions, the frequency of use and workload of various components will be different, resulting in different voltage output circuit workload floating, so in different operating conditions, the power conversion efficiency is also changing. Through the above analysis, we know that the power supply's own power consumption is not very large, while the power supply to the external output of the float is relatively large, so it is usually believed that the larger the output load of the power supply, the unit load is "apportioned" by the power supply's own power consumption will be smaller, the higher the conversion efficiency at this time. Second, the power supply specification on the conversion efficiency of the requirements of small knowledge: conversion efficiency and PFC circuit power factor difference between some recent power supply claimed that their conversion efficiency of up to 98%, but a careful study found that their so-called "conversion efficiency" is actually the active PFC circuit power factor, this factor characterizes how much electricity is utilized by the power supply ( input power supply ), and how much power is utilized by the power supply ( input power supply ). Utilized by the power supply (the actual energy of the input power supply / power grid supply energy), for the active PFC circuit, the power factor can reach 98% or even 99% of the level; and our so-called conversion efficiency, it should be the power supply of other equipment / input power supply energy, the two characterize the object is not the same. Above is the basic knowledge of power conversion efficiency, below, we again understand the power supply specification on the conversion efficiency requirements. Initially, the power conversion efficiency is only about 60%; in Intel's ATX12V 1.3 power supply specification, the conversion efficiency of the power supply shall not be less than 68% when fully loaded; and in the ATX 12V 2.01, the conversion efficiency of the power supply puts forward higher requirements - not less than 80%. Therefore, when purchasing a power supply, you can roughly understand the power conversion efficiency of the power supply from the power supply specifications it follows. The reason why the two power supply specifications before and after the power conversion efficiency of the provisions of such a big difference, there are three reasons: (a), the new ATX 12V 2.01 specification is based on the new electrical manufacturing technology, you can achieve higher conversion efficiency; (b), because the host power consumption increased significantly, if the power supply conversion efficiency is not improved, then the machine's huge power consumption and heat will seriously affect the normal use; (c), a higher level of environmental protection and environmental protection, we can understand the power supply conversion efficiency. (C), higher environmental protection and energy saving requirements. Third, the conversion efficiency and our relationship from the power supply specifications on the power conversion efficiency of the strict requirements, it is not difficult to see the importance of the power conversion efficiency of this indicator. That conversion efficiency is how closely related to each of us? Typical ATX 12V 1.3 power supply products, its actual work, the conversion efficiency of about 70% to 75% between, which means that 25% to 30% of the power is converted to heat wasted, to the nominal input power 280W power supply products, for example, the loss of power of about 70W to 84W, the actual output power of about 200W (just to meet the needs of the vast majority of PC). The actual output power is around 200W (just enough to meet the needs of most PCs). If the typical ATX 12V 2.01 power supply, due to the conversion efficiency increased to 80% to 85%, then the loss of electric power is only 15% to 20%, so as long as the input power of 240W power supply can achieve the actual output power of 200W. Calculated in this way, the difference between the two power consumption of about 40W, for a PC working 10 hours a day, a day down to save 0.4 degrees (kWh) electricity, a year down to 146 kWh of electricity, 60 cents per kWh of electricity calculation, the light of a year's savings in electricity costs is 100 yuan. Of course, this is not just a matter of saving money for individuals, China is still mainly thermal power generation, saving electricity at the same time is to contribute to environmental protection; on the other hand, the power conversion efficiency means that the power supply to reduce their own heat, which is more conducive to lowering the temperature inside the chassis.