Zhongda Consulting brings an introduction to the measurement and setting-out construction methods for the construction of the logistics complex building for your reference.
1. Project requirements for measurement:
This project has a large site and has the following requirements for measurement:
1. The measuring instruments must be sophisticated, and the objective lens magnification and imaging clarity must meet the requirements of this project;
2. According to the axis condition of the building, establish a plane main control network along the perimeter of the site, and then establish a second-line control network according to the axis condition of each area;
3. The surveyors must be professional and the surveyors must be skilled.
2. Preparation before construction
1. Instrument calibration:
⑴. The i-angle error and cross error of the level should be corrected so that i<10″, and the precision level i<4″. The cross error bubble movement value is less than 2mm.
⑵. The collimation axis of the theodolite should be perpendicular to the horizontal axis, and the level tube axis should be perpendicular to the vertical axis. Check and calibrate the errors so that the error of the collimation axis perpendicular to the horizontal axis is 2C<12″, and the error of the level tube axis perpendicular to the vertical axis δ<τ/4. At the same time, the horizontal axis should be perpendicular to the vertical axis, and the vertical crosshairs should be vertical. Calibrate on the horizontal axis.
⑶. The steel ruler should be calibrated at a temperature of 20°C and a tensile force of 50N.
2. Calibration
⑴. Measure the side length and angle of the wire coordinate points.
⑵. Use the attachment method to measure the height difference between the two points.
3. Be familiar with the drawings and review the drawings
Familiar with the drawings, understand the dimensions of each part of the structure, and review the positioning conditions.
4. Organization of equipment, tools and materials
⑴. Personnel organization:
a. The project department has a measurement supervisor to coordinate the measurement work of the entire project and work with the project technical supervisor and production Scheduling, construction workers in each district are jointly responsible for line inspection;
b. Measurement work is divided into two shifts to ensure day and night construction needs.
Equipment configuration:
a. One set of distance finder;
b. 1 set of J2 theodolite;
c. 1 set of self-leveling level;
d . 2 pairs of walkie-talkies;
e. 2 nylon-coated 50m long steel rulers;
f. 3 sun umbrellas;
Tool purchase:
a. 4 ink fountains; b. 2 0.5kg wire weights; c. 10 small steel rulers, 5m; d. 4 small hammers; e. 8 pencil sharpeners.
⑷Material procurement:
a. Red pencil: 50 pieces; b. Ink: 5 bottles; c. Red paint: 5kg; small white line: 15kg; brush: 10 pieces; 3# Nails: 1kg; wooden piles: 330 pieces; steel piles: 20kg; paint material 1kg; lime powder 500kg
3. Layout of site plane control network and elevation control network
< p>1. Layout of the site plane control networkAccording to the urban wire coordinate points provided by Party A, use a total station or distance meter, use the polar coordinate method, and position the coordinates given in the construction drawings Calculate the intersection points of each project axis and select 2 to 4 main control axes
2. Layout of the elevation control network
According to no less than 3 points provided by Party A. The leveling base point shall be measured with third-class leveling accuracy, along the line, and measured at no less than 15m away from the outer axis of the building.
4. Vertical elevation transfer
Piles. In foundation construction, the vertical elevation transmission is mainly negative transmission. In construction, the hanging ruler method is often used.
5. Pile position placement and control pile embedding
According to the axis control. Use a theodolite to drill out the intersection points of each axis and nail the wooden stakes. Then use Φ8×300mm steel bar nails to nail the pile positions according to the geometric dimensions of each pile position, and tie a red nylon tape to the upper 1/4 of the steel bar. The steel bars are nailed into the floor, and the corresponding station numbers are packed in red plastic bags and tied to nylon belts. Finally, they are sprinkled with white ash powder circles to make obvious signs.
6. Line inspection system
1. After the survey team sets out the lines according to the construction drawings, they must carefully review them against the drawings and design change notices, and then report to the project department for line inspection.
2. The project technical supervisor, production scheduling and measurement supervisor, and construction personnel will verify that each main axis, each detailed structural line, each structural size, and elevation are correct according to the design drawings and design change notices, and then submit them to the supervision company for line inspection.
3． The supervision engineer of the supervision company can proceed with the next step of construction after passing the line verification based on the design drawings, design change notices, and current construction specifications.
4. After the supervision engineer passes the line inspection, the on-site construction workers should conscientiously provide technical explanations to the team and be directly responsible for the protection and reuse of the measurement point lines.
7. Quality control and standards:
1. All instruments are sent to the Technical Supervision Bureau for metrological verification;
2. All surveyors are certified;
3. Carefully check the original basis to ensure the correctness of the original basis;
4. When using the theodolite, it must be precisely centered and leveled. Pure white film should be used when aligning points to ensure accurate point alignment and clear imaging. When measuring angles, take the average value of face left and face right, and align the reticle;
5. When flicking the line, the ink line should be tightened and should rise and fall vertically to ensure that the ink line is straight and the point distance is no more than 5m. When the substrate contains a lot of water, the air is humid, and the amount of ink is large, you should empty the line twice and then draw the line to ensure a fine ink line;
6. The signs are precise and consistent;
7. When using a level, it should be leveled accurately, and parallax must be eliminated when reading dimensions;
8. The ruler should be vertical when holding, the lines should be flat, and the markings should be accurate. When controlling the height of the cushion, the distance between the stakes should not exceed 3m;
9. When transferring points and elevations, the front and rear sights should be equidistant, and the number of stations should be an even number;
10. When using a steel ruler, the fixed ruler must be straight, the pulling force must be stable, the markings on the ruler must be accurate, and the five corrections for ruler length, pulling force, temperature difference, vertical curvature, and height difference must be made;
11. When laying out the plane control network, the angle measurement error shall not be greater than 6″, the distance measurement accuracy shall not be less than 1/20000, and the angle closure error of the control network shall not be greater than 12″
12. When laying out the elevation control network, the allowable error is ±5mm or ±20mm (n is the number of measuring stations, L is KM).
13. When laying out the pile foundation, when the length is greater than 30m, the allowable error is ±5mm; when the length is greater than 30m and less than or equal to 60m, the allowable error is ±10m; when the length is greater than 90m, the allowable error is not greater than 20mm.
9. Completion Measurement
This project is a branch project of the unit project. The completion measurement is to measure the pile position and pile top elevation after the construction of the prestressed pipe piles. .
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