College students social investigation practice report
In response to the University Party Committee Propaganda Department, the Youth League Committee and other departments of the summer social practice activities of college students in the countryside the relevant documents, a deep understanding of xx "four new generation" requirements of the spirit of the essence of the Nursing School Youth League Committee has set up a "team of angels" college students medical and health service group, on August 5, XX, into the township of Jilin Province, science and technology, health, cultural publicity and investigation. "Angel team" college students medical and health service group, on August 5, XX, into the township of Jilin Province, science and technology, health, cultural publicity and investigation, achieved a complete success, to achieve the desired results.
First. Attaches great importance to the serious organization
Before the holiday, the Youth League Committee in accordance with the spirit of the relevant documents at the higher level, to the whole hospital students issued a "on the development of the national college and university student volunteers in the summer culture, science and technology, health, "three to the countryside" social practice activities notice", and held a social practice activities of student cadres Mobilization meeting, conscientiously implement the spirit of the document, according to the characteristics of the profession, to determine the direction of practice, practice form.
II. People-oriented social practice activities
After the leadership of the hospital, teachers and students **** the same efforts, our hospital prepared 200 residents' health questionnaires, and set up a blood pressure measurement team.
First of all, to the villagers to distribute information material about diabetes, hypertension, and summer health care knowledge, door-to-door publicity health care science and technology knowledge; secondly, focused on the villagers to carry out the measurement of blood pressure, and the use of medical knowledge learned in the school, and patiently answered some of the villagers about the health problems, and the villagers explained the daily life of the health, diet and health care knowledge. All of them were fully recognized by the villagers. At the same time, we also carried out a questionnaire survey, including: the village residents of ① family size; ② adults over 15 years old smoking and alcohol consumption; ③ common diseases (such as: diabetes, hypertension, etc.), endemic diseases (such as endemic goiter, commonly known as "big thick neck" disease) and the prevalence of psychiatric diseases. The survey **** distributed 200 questionnaires, involving 87 households, 345 people.
III. Survey results
The survey *** issued 200 questionnaires, 185 recovered, excluding 13 invalid questionnaires, 172 valid questionnaires, questionnaire validity rate of 86%.
1. Household size of the survey respondents
This survey 87 households, 345 people, 163 men, 182 women. The average number of people per household is 3.97, of which there are 5 households with 2 people per household, accounting for 5.75%, 31 households with 3 people per household, accounting for 35.63%, 33 households with 4 people per household, 37.93% 10 households with 5 people per household, 11.49%, and 8 households with more than 5 people per household, accounting for 9.20%. In the survey, we found that as the number of people per household increases, it also affects the health status of the population. The prevalence of diseases is also higher in households with a larger population.
2. Lifestyles of rural farmers
Lifestyles are mainly determined by personal circumstances (e.g., age, education, attitude to life, etc.). The basic task of farmers in China has always been agricultural production, and most of it is heavy physical labor, which requires a high level of physical and mental health. However, due to the influence of traditional subsistence production and lifestyle, farmers have formed some bad habits. According to the questionnaire survey (see Table 1), 154 farmers, or 44.6% of those surveyed, had the habit of drinking alcohol; 142 farmers, or 41.1%, smoked cigarettes; 118 farmers, or 34.2%, smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol; and 108, or 31.3%, liked to play mah-jongg and poker in their spare time; As many as 65 people, or 18.8% of the total, had a combination of all the above habits. Because most farmers are engaged in intensive physical labor, most men smoke and drink to maintain their physical strength and energy, while women like to play mahjong or poker to kill time during the farming season or after work. It can be seen that farmers' neglect of their own health is more serious, and to some extent, it has an obvious negative impact on the development of sports activities in rural areas.
Table 1 Statistics on daily habits of farmers in the township
Habits Drinking Alcohol Smoking Both Smoking and Alcohol Playing Mah-jongg and Poker Both of the above habits
Number of people (persons) 154 142 118 108 65
Ratio (%) 44.6%41.1% 34.2% 31.3% 18.8%
3. Physical health status
3.1 Survey of common diseases The findings of this study showed that the number of subjects suffering from chronic diseases such as hypertension, hypoglycemia, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and other common diseases accounted for 6.67%, 5.80%, 8.70%, 2.90%, 1.45% and 4.93% of the total sample, respectively, as shown in Table 2.Farmers' traditional life style is the The traditional lifestyle of farmers is an important reason for the occurrence of some chronic diseases, and these diseases are easy for people to neglect and relax their vigilance due to their hidden onset and long duration of illness, once the disease develops, it will bring a heavy burden to the patients and their families, and it increasingly and seriously affects the living standard and health condition of farmers.
Table 2 Distribution Statistics of Chronic Diseases among Farmers
Diseases Blood Pressure Hypoglycemia Obesity Hyperlipidemia Diabetes Other Diseases Total
Number of People (People) 23 2030 10 5 17 102
Ratio (%) 6.67 5.80 8.70 2.90 1.45 4.93 29.60
With the rapid development of the economy, farmers have become more aware of their health problems. With the rapid economic development in rural areas during the transition period, the irrationality of farmers' lifestyles, coupled with the lagging development of sports in rural areas, has accelerated the decline of farmers' physical and mental health. Various sub-health patients continue to increase, calcium deficiency, osteoporosis, fatigue and other phenomena is a fast-growing trend, in this state of the population is often a potential patient of chronic diseases.
3.2 Mental illness survey Mental health has a strong impact on the social adaptability of farmers. Some data show that when an individual is mentally fatigued for a long period of time, the chances of illness increase greatly, and a good mental state can effectively keep the body at a high level of health. In this survey, we found that most of the farmers in the commune had good mental conditions, but we were shocked to find a boy as old as ten years old with mental problems. After inquiries to understand with his parents work outside the home, y affecting the child's physical and mental health.
3.3 Investigation of endemic diseases Due to geographical conditions, there has always been a lack of iodine in remote rural areas of the Northeast, and the incidence of endemic goiter (commonly known as "big neck" disease) is very high. Happily, however, we did not find a single case of patients in this survey, reflecting the attention paid to iodine supplementation for residents since China's reform and opening up, as well as the improvement of iodine supplementation by residents themselves through the consumption of iodized salt and iodized food.
4. Healthcare situation of rural farmers
Medical conditions in the city's village-level clinics are poor, the business quality of the medical staff is generally low, and they seldom undergo formal training, and the quality of the medicines they use is not guaranteed, but the vast majority of the farmers can only rely on the village-level clinics to seek medical treatment when they are sick. Among the farmers in this survey, 20.19% of the total sample went to hospitals above the township when they were sick; 66.35% went to village clinics; and 13.46% delayed treatment due to their financial income and other reasons, often turning minor illnesses into major ones, which made their families with unstable incomes even poorer, as shown in Table 3. It is worth noting that the majority of the farmers do not realize that reasonable physical activities can improve physical and mental health, and that they are not aware of the importance of physical activity. It is worth noting that the majority of farmers do not realize that reasonable physical activities can improve physical and mental health and prevent diseases. It can be seen that a considerable number of farmers have poor medical conditions and fitness awareness, and some of them have seriously affected the level of physical and mental health, which is not conducive to the comprehensive and balanced development of rural well-off society in Jilin Province.
Table 3 Statistics on the health care status of farmers in the township
To go to the hospital above the township to go to the village clinic to go to the hospital Delayed illnesses total
3322 28 345
20.19%66.35% 13.46% 100%
5. Analysis of the factors affecting the health of farmers in the township
5.1 Economic income is generally not high, and the burden of medical expenses is not high enough. The economic income of the farmers is closely related to their health condition. At present, the heavy economic burden of illness, low level of medical insurance, rapid increase in medical costs, low level of medical insurance coverage, and low level of economic income are the major reasons why the health of rural residents has not been effectively improved. The economic dilemma has led to a "fear of disease" mentality in which the majority of farmers "can't afford to be sick" and "treat the major diseases but not the minor ones", which has brought about great difficulties in diagnosing and treating illnesses, while the cost of diagnosing and treating illnesses has increased. The increase in the cost of diagnosis and treatment of illnesses, poverty due to illness, return to poverty due to illness, forcing some of the sick to hospitalization to give up hospitalization, so that the health situation further deteriorated.
5.2 Farmers' indifference to sports and health awareness, misunderstanding
The survey found that many farmers' indifference to sports and health awareness, wrongly believing that there is no need for specialized physical exercise when they are engaged in agricultural production for a long time. Although physical exercise and productive labor are very similar in terms of making people sweat, consuming physical energy and improving physical quality, there is a fundamental difference in essence. Moderate physical exercise can not only improve the function of the respiratory system, but also improve the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions, improve the body's immune system, and effectively control the occurrence of chronic diseases and post-disease recovery are not negligible. Participating in physical exercise after farm work is not only conducive to physical health, but also promotes mental health, relieves mental fatigue, and connects neighbors. Among the farmers interviewed, 52.5% think that physical exercise is not necessary when they are engaged in agricultural production, while 58.4% think that increasing nutrition or improving diet and ensuring sleep are the main reasons for promoting health. It can be seen that a large part of the farmers still have a misunderstanding, and do not realize the important role of physical exercise in enhancing physical fitness, preventing diseases and improving the quality of life.
5.3 Heavy production labor and household chores have reduced the time for women's physical exercise. Women occupy a pivotal position in the countryside, not only as the main force of agricultural production, but also as the soul of daily family affairs. At present, in many rural areas, most of the men go out to work, almost everything inside and outside the home to be undertaken by the housewife, heavy production labor and household chores so that the majority of women have little time to engage in physical exercise, coupled with the rural health conditions are not ideal, a variety of chronic illnesses, gynecological diseases and other problems seriously threaten the physical and mental health of the majority of rural women.
6. Conclusion and Suggestions
6.1. Conclusion
6.1.1 With the change of rural production and life style, farmers' health shows two types, one is relatively poor farmers' long-term malnutrition and the pressure of production and life, which makes the physical and mental health condition poor; the other is relatively rich farmers' over-nutrition and insufficient exercise due to the improvement of living standard, which makes physical and mental health condition poor; the other is relatively rich farmers' over-nutrition and insufficient exercise due to the improvement of living standard, which makes physical and mental health condition poor. The other is the relatively affluent farmers who are overnourished and under-exercised due to improved living standards, which makes the value of physical exercise for physical and mental health promotion increasingly prominent.
6.1.2 The health condition of farmers is worrying, with a high rate of various chronic diseases, a higher incidence of mental illnesses, and a decline in the incidence of endemic diseases.
6.2 Suggestions
6.2.1 The key to improving the quality of life of farmers, improving their physical health, and promoting the harmony of social life in the countryside is to develop the rural economy and increase farmers' income. The development of rural economy in Jilin Province is greatly affected by the natural conditions, and it is necessary to start from the actual situation of each place, adjust the industrial structure according to local conditions, rationally utilize the biological resources, give full play to the advantages of local economic characteristics, and vigorously improve the income of the majority of farmers.
6.2.2 Relevant government departments should make efforts to enhance farmers' awareness of physical fitness and create fitness conditions. Farmers work in a special environment, production and life pressure, sports and fitness awareness is weak, the relevant government departments at all levels to change the concept of mindset, correctly recognize the significance of engaging in sports and fitness, and combined with the reality of rural production and the lives of farmers, the full mobilization of the whole society, targeted development of the farmers' sports in rural areas to create a good atmosphere of sports and fitness to enhance the participation of farmers in the awareness of sports and fitness, the management system for the farmers to participate in sports and fitness, and to enhance the awareness of the farmers. From the management system for farmers to participate in fitness activities to create conditions to further improve the health of farmers.
In practice, we have been educated, grown in competence, and contributed to serve the villagers wholeheartedly. Through this activity, not only let us in practice in-depth understanding of the living conditions of the rural areas, more importantly, enhance our professional emotions, a clear sense of responsibility and sense of mission, improve the ability of social practice, at the same time, the activities also caused a certain impact in the local community, popularized the knowledge of health care, so that we make the significance of this three to the countryside more far-reaching.
;