1. Visible and infrared bands
Infrared band is a kind of radiation other than visible light in electromagnetic spectrum, with a wide wavelength range, and different infrared rays correspond to different wavelengths. Infrared light and visible light are the same electromagnetic wave, belonging to continuous spectrum, and the difference lies in different wavelengths.
2. Near infrared, middle infrared and far infrared
The infrared band can be divided into three sub-regions according to different wavelengths: near infrared, middle infrared and far infrared. Among them, the wavelength of near infrared band is between 0.75μm and 1.4μm, the wavelength of middle infrared band is between 1.4μm and 3μm, and the wavelength of far infrared band includes 3μm to 1000 μ m. ..
3. Application of infrared band
Infrared band is widely used in many fields such as communication, medicine and space exploration. Among them, infrared band is widely used in night vision, thermal imaging, unmanned aerial vehicle, infrared temperature measurement, solar observation, infrared telescope and other fields.
4. Infrared spectroscope
Infrared spectrum is a commonly used analytical technique, which can be used to study the structure and composition of substances. Infrared spectrometer can be used to measure the intensity of infrared light absorbed, transmitted or reflected by samples, and infer the properties of samples by analyzing infrared spectra of different wavelengths, so as to achieve the purpose of analysis and identification.
5. Sensitive detector
Because the infrared band is insensitive to the light in the environment, special sensitive detectors are needed for monitoring and detection. There are many kinds of sensitive detectors, such as indium germanium, silicon and semiconductor materials, which are often used to make various infrared instruments, such as infrared cameras, night vision devices and infrared thermal imaging devices.
6. Infrared radiation source
There are many sources of infrared radiation, such as the sun, stars, the earth's surface and substances in the atmosphere. In addition, in industrial production, various high-temperature heating equipment will also produce infrared radiation, which can be used for heating, drying, sintering, welding and so on.
7. Infrared ray and human body
Infrared rays have different effects on human body. Low dose infrared radiation can be used to treat some diseases, such as muscle pain and joint pain. However, high dose of infrared radiation may cause harm to human body. For example, workers exposed to high temperature for a long time may suffer from diseases such as skin cancer and sunburn.
8. Development of infrared technology
With the continuous development of science and technology, infrared technology is also constantly improving and innovating. In recent years, the research and application of new infrared detectors and optical materials have promoted the development of infrared technology, which has gradually developed towards high precision, high resolution and multi-function. In the future, with the gradual reduction of infrared technology and equipment costs, its application fields will be more extensive.