Introduction to the types of microcontrollers
ATMEL's AVR microcontroller is an enhanced RISC microcontroller with built-in Flash. The Flash memory on the chip is attached to the user's product and can be programmed at any time. Programming makes it easy for users to design products and upgrade them. The AVR microcontroller adopts an enhanced RISC structure, which enables it to have high-speed processing capabilities. It can execute complex instructions in one clock cycle and can achieve a processing capacity of 1MIPS per MHz. The AVR microcontroller The working voltage is 2.7~6.0V, which can optimize power consumption. AVR's microcontrollers are widely used in computer peripheral equipment, industrial real-time control, instrumentation, communication equipment, household appliances, aerospace equipment and other fields.
Motorola MCU:
Motorola is the world's largest MCU manufacturer. Starting from the M6800, it has developed a wide range of varieties, including 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit MCUs, among which typical representatives There are: 8-bit machine M6805, M68HC05 series, 8-bit enhanced M68HC11, M68HC12, 16-bit machine M68HC16, 32-bit machine M683XX. One of the characteristics of Motorola microcontrollers is that the clock frequency used at the same speed is much lower than that of Intel-based microcontrollers. Therefore, the high-frequency noise is low, the anti-interference ability is strong, and it is more suitable for the industrial control field and harsh environments.
MicroChip microcontroller: The main products of MicroChip microcontroller are PIC 16C series and 17C series 8-bit microcontrollers. The CPU adopts a RISC structure, with only 33, 35, and 58 instructions respectively. It adopts a Harvard dual-bus structure, has fast running speed, low operating voltage, low power consumption, large input and output direct drive capabilities, low price, and one-time programming. Small size. Suitable for high-volume, low-grade, price-sensitive products. Widely used in office automation equipment, consumer electronics, telecommunications, intelligent instrumentation, automotive electronics, financial electronics, and industrial control. PIC series The MCU market share ranking in the world is increasing year by year. It is developing very rapidly.
MDT20XX series MCU:
Industrial-grade OTP MCU, produced by Micon Company, has exactly the same pins as PIC MCU. Haier Group's refrigerator controller, TCL communication products, and Changan Alto Suzuki car power divider use this kind of microcontroller
EM78 series OTP type microcontroller: Taiwan Elan Electronics Co., Ltd., directly replaces PIC16CXX, Pin compatible, software convertible.
Scenix microcontroller: The 8-bit RISC structure SX series microcontrollers launched by Scenix, together with Intel's Pentium II, were selected as the world's best microcontrollers in 1998 by the <
SX series dual clock settings, instruction running speed up to 50/75/100MIPS (millions of instructions executed per second, XXX M Instruction Per Second); It has virtual peripheral functions and flexible I/O ports. All I/O ports can be individually programmed. The company provides various I/O library functions to implement various I/O modules. Functions, such as multi-channel UART, multi-channel A/D, PWM, SPI, DTMF, FS, LCD driver, etc. Using EEPROM/FLASH program memory, online system programming can be realized. Through the computer RS232C interface, a dedicated serial cable is used. It can perform online real-time simulation of the target system.
EPSON microcontroller:
EPSON microcontroller is famous for its low voltage, low power consumption and built-in LCD driver, especially the LCD driver part. Very good. Widely used in industrial control, medical equipment, household appliances, instrumentation, communication equipment and handheld consumer products. At present, EPSON has launched four-bit microcontrollers SMC62 series, SMC63 series, SMC60 series and eight-bit microcontroller SM
C88 series.
Toshiba microcontrollers:
Toshiba has a complete range of microcontrollers. 4-bit microcontrollers have a large market in the field of home appliances. 8-bit microcontrollers mainly include 870 series and 90 series. This type of microcontrollers Allowing the use of slow mode, the power consumption is reduced to the order of 10UA when using a 32K clock. Toshiba's 32-bit microcontroller adopts the MIPS
3000A RISC CPU structure, targeting VCD, digital cameras, image processing and other markets.
8051 MCU:
The 8051 MCU was first launched by Intel. Later, many companies purchased the 8051 core, making the MCU series of MCUs with 8051 as the core the largest production and application in the world. It is also the most widely used. Some people speculate that 8051 may eventually form the de facto standard MCU chip.
The GMS90 series of microcontrollers produced by LG are compatible with Intel MCS-51 series, Atmel 89C51/52, 89C2051 and other microcontrollers, CMOS Technology, clock frequency up to 40MHZ, used in: multi-function phones, smart sensors, electricity meters, industrial controls, anti-theft alarm devices, various billing machines, various IC card devices, DVD, VCD, CD-ROM. < /p>
Winbond MCU: The pin position and instruction set of Winbond's W77 and W78 series 8-bit microcontrollers are compatible with 8051, but each instruction cycle only requires 4 clock cycles, which increases the speed by three times. The frequency can reach up to 40MHz. At the same time, WatchDog Timer, 6 sets of external interrupt sources, 2 sets of UART, 2 sets of Data pointer and Wait state control pin are added. The 4-bit microcontroller of the W741 series has a liquid crystal driver, online programming, and high confidentiality. Low operating voltage (1.2V~1.8V).
Zilog MCU:
Z8 MCU is a product of Zilog Company. It adopts a multi-accumulator structure and has strong interrupt processing capabilities. The development tools are cheap and high-quality. The Z8 single-chip microcomputer is aimed at low-end applications at a low price. I think many people know the Z80 single-board computer. Until the late 1990s, many universities still talked about the Z80 in microcomputer principles.
NS Microcontroller:
The COP8 microcontroller is a product of NS (National Semiconductor Corporation). It integrates a 16-bit A/D, which is rare. In watchdog multi-channel and STOP mode, the microcontroller There are unique features in the wake-up method. In addition, the program encryption of COP8 is also relatively good
Summary of single-chip microcomputer application fields
⒈Measuring line system with image sensor
⒉ Satellite TV serial port simulation SPI, I2C applications, such as radar acquisition data transmission.
⒊ Directly cooperate with AD chips to cooperate with various data sensors.
⒋ Use the 232 communication between the microcontroller and the PC for control, and the microcontroller is the control object.
⒌Various charging systems composed of IC cards, microcontrollers, and PCs.
⒍Use single-chip microcomputer to control various stepper motors to complete industrial control task systems
⒎Use single-chip microcomputer to control various electronic equipment to complete industrial control task systems (such as program-controlled switching systems)
⒏ Can be used in the control field of motor frequency conversion technology.
⒐ Various measuring tools such as water gauges are widely used in hydrology.
⒑ Large analog clock controller mainly controls the motor to drive the pointer based on time.
⒒Electronic batching controller, based on automatic or semi-automatic control of small-scale production, such as controlling feeding, stirring, etc.
⒓Use timer and capture functions to detect a certain system. Alarm, control, etc. can be provided. Such as water level control, temperature control, fully automatic washing machine, etc.
⒔Electronic weighing scale
⒕Teaching instruments and medical instruments.
⒖Neon light controller composed of microcontroller.
⒗ Use thermal magnetometer to measure during the heat treatment of steel.
⒘Various metal flaw detection instruments.
⒙Mining production intelligent monitor.
⒚ Coal production counter in coal mines
20. Car safety system
21. Smart toys
22. Using ultrasonic waves to measure river water levels
23. AC power monitor
24. Fire system alarm monitor
25. Various types of water meters and electricity meters
In short, single chip microcomputer The technology has a wide range of applications and is widely used in various instrument production units, petroleum, chemical industry, textile, machinery processing and other industries.
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