Wash your hands: When contact with blood, body fluids, excreta and secretions may cause pollution, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant.
Gloves: gloves should be worn when touching blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Gloves can prevent the possibility that medical staff will transmit the flora on their hands to patients; Gloves can prevent medical personnel from becoming a medium of infection with microorganisms, that is, prevent medical personnel from spreading pathogens contaminated from patients or the environment among people. Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing.
Masks, goggles and masks: Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients on the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa of medical staff.
Standard prevention includes hand washing, personal protective equipment, disinfection or sterilization of medical supplies and medical equipment, environmental control and proper disposal of medical waste.
1, wash your hands
When contact with blood, body fluids, excreta and secretions may be contaminated, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant.
2. Personal protective equipment
Personal protective equipment, including medical gloves, masks, medical masks, goggles, isolation gown, waterproof apron, waterproof shoes or shoe covers, hats, etc. When handling blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta or other potentially infectious substances, or when the above substances are expected to splash, they should be used correctly.
3. Disinfect or sterilize medical supplies and medical instruments.
When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the skin and mucous membrane exposure of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so that pathogenic microorganisms can spread to patients and pollute the environment. Sharp tools that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds. Disposable sharp tools such as needles are put in stab-proof and leak-proof containers for harmless treatment.
4. Environmental control
Pay attention to environmental control and carry out daily cleaning and sanitary treatment of the environment.
5, the correct disposal of medical waste
When handling and transporting clothes contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting work clothes and the environment. Reusable clothes are put in special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection to prevent pollution during transportation.
Standard prevention means that all patients' blood, body fluids and articles contaminated by blood and body fluids are regarded as infectious pathogenic substances, and medical personnel must take protective measures when contacting these substances.
The purpose of implementing standard prevention is not only to prevent patients from transmitting diseases to medical staff, but also to prevent medical staff from transmitting diseases to patients. Standard vaccination is the whole process of diagnosis, treatment and care for all patients. No matter whether the patient is diagnosed or suspected to be infected with infectious diseases, standard prevention should be taken.
Standard preventive techniques include basic measures, such as washing hands, wearing gloves, wearing isolation gown, wearing protective glasses and masks.