What are the key components in the Internet of Things?

Functional components of the Internet of Things:

Equipment. Including existing common equipment, such as smart meters or vehicles, these connection components have been integrated into product design. It also includes new devices, such as pet trackers, arising from the Internet of Things technology. Such equipment must have sensors, communication functions and other components (for example, power supply). In addition, depending on the type of equipment, it may have a man-machine interface.

Equipment with sensors and actuators connected. Sensors can obtain data (such as temperature) from the environment. Actuators respond to instructions and change the state of the equipment (for example, adjust the temperature of the thermostat). Instructions for actuators can come from sensors on the same device or from other sources (for example, when the homeowner comes home, he can activate the thermostat through his mobile phone). Equipment can have two functions: sensor and actuator.

Communication hardware enables devices to connect to the network and send data from sensors to back-end systems. Includes hardware for wireless connection through Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, LoRa, cellular networks (such as GSM, 5G, NB-IoT, LTE-M) or various proprietary technologies, or hardware for wireless connection through fixed networks. Some devices connect hardware to multiple types of networks.

The connected network (which can be a cellular network, a fixed network or a satellite network) can transmit data from the sensor to the user's back-end system through the Internet or a private network.

In addition, various applications can provide added value to end users.

The server software includes a server for collecting and analyzing data (for example, weather forecast data) from sensors and other sources. These server systems can be found in public, private or local hardware. For very simple systems, the server software can be a standard PC.

Software platforms such as device management, security and data analysis can ensure the normal operation of IOT devices. This platform also includes data analysis software for analyzing data and improving business processes, and a database for storing data.

The application software also includes services such as billing and customer support.

The IOT value chain also includes system integrators (SI) or developers who design, build and manage IOT services. Physical equipment usually needs to be installed and maintained.

Tiangong TT&C mainly provides core module technologies and solutions for security, vehicle, Internet of Things, drones, robots and smart homes. There are positioning modules that provide position signals and application schemes based on position signals, such as our GPS module, Beidou module, integrated navigation module and Bluetooth indoor positioning scheme, indoor and outdoor seamless positioning scheme, UWB ranging application and so on. Then connect all kinds of information to serve the wireless modules and application schemes in our smart life, such as WiFi module, BLE Bluetooth module, combination module, smart plug scheme, wireless image transmission scheme, smart lighting scheme, smart door lock and other smart home application schemes, so as to provide more convenience for our lives and create a safer and more comfortable home environment.