Landfills are very expensive, costing around $200-$300 or so to process 1 ton of trash. People consume a lot of resources, produce a lot, consume a lot, and they produce a lot of waste.
Do we refuse to do something to cure it? In fact, the answer is yes, it is garbage. Garbage is put in the garbage at the source and reclassified as resources by removing and recycling makeup. Cities and foreign countries close to the point of view of garbage classification, generally according to the composition of the garbage, generated, combined with the local resource utilization methods of garbage classification and treatment. If Germany is generally divided into paper, glass, metal, plastic, etc.; Australia is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage, non-recyclable garbage, Japan, is generally divided into combustible garbage, non-combustible garbage, and so on.
Today, China's garbage can generally be divided into four major categories: recyclable garbage, food waste, hazardous waste and other garbage. Waste disposal methods currently in use are: utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration and composting.
[edit]Main categories
1, recyclable waste includes paper, plastic, glass, metal and fabric. Paper: Includes newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper, office paper, advertising paper, cardboard boxes and so on, but be careful because water-soluble paper towels and toilet paper can't be recycled anymore. Plastic: mainly includes all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and cutlery, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste and so on. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, hot water bottles and so on. Metal: mainly cans, tins, etc. Fabrics: mainly discarded clothes, tablecloths, washcloths, schoolbags, shoes and so on. Recycling through comprehensive treatment can reduce pollution and save resources. According to a ton of paper recycled paper, you can get a good 850 kilograms of 300 kilograms of wood savings, pollution, than the production of the same amount of 74% less than every 1 ton of plastic bottles recycled using 0.7 tons of auxiliary raw materials; recycling a ton of steel waste per steel can be refined 0.9 tons of steel, and ore smelting to save 47% of the cost of reducing air pollution by 75%, 97%, reducing water pollution and solid waste for comparison.
2, food waste, including leftovers, bones, vegetable roots and leaves, peels and composting biotechnology in situ treatment, generating 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton of other food waste.
3, Hazardous waste, including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste silver thermometers, expired medicines, etc., which require special safety treatment of the waste.
4, other garbage, including garbage in addition to tiles of the above types of hard-to-recycle garbage, dirt, toilet paper, paper towels, sanitary landfills can be taken to effectively reduce groundwater, surface water, soil and air pollution.
[Edit]
The reason for the classification of waste is also mainly in the landfill piles, occupying thousands of acres of land in the traditional way, flies and flying insects, sewage overflow, foul smell, serious pollution of the environment. Therefore, to carry out the collection of waste and can reduce the number of waste disposal equipment, reduce the cost of disposal, reduce the consumption of land resources, with three effective social, economic and ecological aspects of the problem. Advantages of waste classification are as follows:
1, reduce the occupation of land: some waste materials are resistant to degradation, so that the land is seriously eroded. Garbage, recycling can be removed, easy to decompose substances, reducing the amount of waste by more than 50%.
2, reduce environmental pollution: discarded batteries contain metal mercury, cadmium and other toxic substances, can lead to serious harm to the human body, soil waste plastics can lead to crop failure, discarded plastic waste where it happens to eat animals, resulting in accidents when the animal died. Therefore, recycling can reduce the harm. ?
3, turn waste into treasure: China uses up to four billion plastic snacks every year, instant noodle bowls 5-7 billion, accounting for 4-7% of waste plastic waste. One ton of waste plastic can be reused to refine 600 kg of diesel fuel. Recycling 1500 tons of paper can be exempted from the production of 1200 tons of paper for felling trees. A ton of cans can be melted to form good tons of aluminum blocks, which can be 20 tons less bauxite. Production waste, 30%-40% can be recycled and should be treasured as a resource in this little Italy. We can also use cans to make pencil cases, both environmental protection and resource saving.
[edit]National garbage
/>Japanese garbage gaijin<br part of the arrival of Japan, will be impressed by its amazing garbage. At a glance, it shows that Japan's garbage classification has the following characteristics.
A fine classification, recycling and timely. The largest classification combustible, non-combustible materials, resources, thick, toxic class, which is subdivided into a number of sub-items of the category, each sub-item of the project can be divided into the sun, and so on.
Burnable category: Simply put, it is combustible - but excludes plastics, rubber production, general leftovers and some combustible garbage are flammable garbage.
Resource category: Newspapers, books, plastic bottles, glass beverage bottles
Non-combustible category: used small appliances (electric kettles, tape recorders) clothing, toys, ceramics, iron containers.
Crude category: large furniture, large appliances (TV, air conditioning), bicycles. A few years ago
Yokohama's garbage was divided into ten categories from the original five, and each citizen was given a handbook composed of 27, articles there are as many as 518. to look at a few examples: lipstick is combustible, but the used-up lipstick tube is a very small metal item; a kettle is metal, but there is a 12-inch to a subordinate small metal object, and above the 12-inch is a large waste; a sock if it's a case of combustible material, and in the case of two "unworn, with the left foot," in the case of old garments, the tie is also of old cloth, provided it is "washed and dried." However, this is nothing compared with Win Town, Tokushima. The town has broken down its waste into 44 categories and plans to achieve a "zero waste" goal by 2020.
In Recovery, some neighborhoods are placing garbage in rows of sorting bins, but the trash is taken away in a timely manner in a specific bag in a specific place by a person at a specific time each week with no regulations. In Minato-ku, Tokyo, burnable garbage is received on Wednesdays and Saturday mornings, non-burnable garbage is received on Monday mornings, and resource garbage is received on Tuesday mornings. Many neighborhoods require garbage to be thrown away before 8 a.m., while others relax until noon, but they take it away the same day without polluting the environment or attracting pests and crows.
The second is to manage the appropriate measures in place.
Foreigners to Japan, the government should register the residence, then they tend to get local regulations about garbage disposal. When you live in a rental property, the owner can simultaneously deliver the key that will be handed over to the garbage regulations. Some residents will deliver next year's calendar of the end of the administration, the date is marked on the top of some yellow, green, blue and so on a variety of colors, each color represents the following day illustrates what can be thrown out of the garbage. It is also common to see rows of garbage cans in some public **** places that say: paper cups, combustibles, plastics, and each can also says Japanese, English, Chinese and Korean.
Thirdly, everyone is self-conscious and conscientious.
The power of good habits, every day. Small children in Japan hit where they are properly educated from parents and schools in handling garbage. If you do not comply with the garbage, there may also be pressure to persuade public opinion and government officials everywhere under. Japanese residents throw can be described as meticulous and very strict garbage: waste paper and books are bound very neatly, wastewater is controlled to dry moisture, sharp objects are wrapped in paper, and spray cans are used to tie a hole to prevent explosions.
4 Comprehensive utilization of waste, energy saving and environmental protection.
Rubbish classification after recycling people, newspapers were sent to paper mills for the production of recycled paper, printed with "use recycled paper" as an honor, many Japanese business cards; beverage containers were involved in factories, become a renewable resource; waste electrical appliances were sent to a specialized company to decompose the treatment; has been compressed into raw materials for arable land for reclamation and processing of non-combustible, non-toxic waste; can be used to reduce energy consumption and environmental protection. Non-toxic waste; combustible waste after incineration as fertilizer. Japan has marked the types of goods belonging to its milk carton waste, and even appeared in this tip box: re-tossed wash, open, dry, and later discarded.
Waste classification, Japan is at the forefront of the world. Serious environmental pollution in the 1960s "forced" the first-class environmental technology, the oil crisis in the 1970s led to the most profound energy-saving technology. Just a serious process of overcoming the crisis, 11 in Japan than other advanced countries.
An older friend of mine has been a long-time presence in Western Europe, Japan, when he said that every year he returned every year to visit relatives to buy gifts that could not be, "embarrassing". This is because his relatives and friends from the original products in Western Europe have become the favorite pursuit of Seiko watches, Toyota cars, Nikon cameras and other world-class products of the country. This success, in addition to having an efficient and rational management system, most people rely on the spirit and energy. In a serious kind of spirit of spreading garbage is undoubtedly one of the most vigorous part.
Speaking Japanese is most serious and meticulous, and this is evident in many ways. For example, every Tokyo brick sidewalk for decades in the business district is clean and smooth, so such examples abound there will be no uneven settlement, architects and other requirements for the blank unseen places after the stairs.
The stone of other mountains can attack jade. Events in Japan give us a lot of inspiration. Only the garbage, the hardware is far away from most parts of China can not be compared with Japan, but I am afraid that the bigger gap of software, which is to understand the government and garbage people think that garbage classification of the government building system, but also serious garbage mentality of energy saving and environmental awareness of every citizen. Therefore by extension, the only trouble people give up? Thinking about their own living habits of the idea of being satisfied with the low flow of standards will have the possibility to catch up with the world's advanced level of garbage, destroying the city management "cold palace", there is a phenomenon of dirty, chaotic and poor who is in power. [1]
The U.S. garbage garbage recycling as an industry in many developed countries has been the rapid development of the recycling industry is the national industrial structure occupies an increasingly important position. Three cities in the United States, Baltimore, Washington and Richmond, for example, the past garbage disposal 1 ton each take 40 dollars, after classification, in 1995 these recycled garbage in the creation of 5,100 jobs. In the United States, these three cities are just a very small area, which not only saves the cost of disposing of garbage recycling garbage, creating $500 million in wealth.
Being known as the largest producer of garbage in the United States, the citizens of the life of the garbage gradually deeper and deeper, walking in the street, a variety of colorful classification of garbage cans can be seen everywhere.
The government garbage classification provides a variety of convenient conditions, in addition to the establishment of classified garbage cans in the street, each community will be regularly sent to remove all households to defeat the spam.
Residents of the work of the government in the classification of garbage also expressed great support. This is not only reflected in the familiarity of each of them with the knowledge of garbage classification, here is the same pay for the money spent on disposal of garbage just to be able to clean drinking water is taken for granted.
Trash is trending in other countries, not only in developed countries that like to fashion beauty, but also a lot in developing countries. In Brazil, many communities have implemented the separation of garbage, sorting bins as the mayor of the city in front of the honor of the City Hall. And near more than two dozen beaches, sorting bins are more like a beautiful landscape.
In some parts of the Philippines, villagers have taken it upon themselves to clean up their living environments and try to organize themselves, with garbage being a major part of the movement.
Trash is becoming a worldwide trend for both the rich and the poor, and it's a great tradition that China, which has been a world leader in this area, has almost lost. Sorting garbage isn't always familiar to thrifty Chinese. Perhaps you remember the recycling waste scene of the 50s and 60s: rescued toothpaste recovered, orange peels used for pharmaceuticals, biological waste used for composting, waste cloth, ink, etc. can be reused. The classification of waste, both to avoid waste pollution, but also to provide raw materials for industry and agriculture.
Today, we live well, so we will no longer hesitate to sell the garbage for a few cents. Thrift and frugality, waste utilization, these traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, but now lost. Each of us is a garbage maker and a victim of garbage, but we should govern the hazards of garbage, each of us can be overcome by garbage garbage pollution.
[edit]Garbage in China
On December 15, 1996, residents of Dashang Lane in Xicheng District, Beijing, assisted civil society organizations in the global village, and from that day on, garbage. The initial classification of the bin is a member of the year-end bonus and purchase savings neighborhood. In garbage sorting from connecting to removing vendors from neighborhoods and businesses. Day after day, year after year, residents never stop.
As a small trash can folk fire, the action of burning Dashang Lane residents have done a lot of enthusiastic citizens, 97 years, Beijing's universities, primary and secondary schools as well as some retired people have tried to classify garbage. With the help of China Youth Daily's Sister of Knowledge and a returning PhD student who went to study in Germany, these "Hand in Hand Global Village" children also recycle in exchange for money to build a school.
Citizens and children's behavior caused the function of the relevant departments. The Xuanwu District Sanitation Bureau took the lead in the fall of 1997, piloting a system of garbage sorting and recycling in Xuanwu. Xuanwu civilization and the global village of street civic organizations and provide active support.
April 23, 99, Xuanwu District, Baixifang South of the Jiankong community as busy as the holidays, China's first garbage collection system was officially launched. From that day on, residents will change the way they throw garbage mixed in according to organic, inorganic and discarded soil categories for distribution, and the government sanitation department will change the way it removes mixed transportation for classification, sorting and recycling. Here, that means losing an old tradition for many years and finally picking it back.
In this battle between people and garbage, people's garbage from enemy to friend. Someone once compared garbage to putting resources in the wrong place. Let the sorting station look at Xuanwu District recycling resources, waste once back to its rightful place, what kind of use?
We discarded every day Coke bottles and known as white trash bags, disposable plastic lunch boxes, belonging to the polymer organic matter, if buried in the ground, it is also bad 200 years can not afford to buy, it will be the soil plateauing, reducing the fertility of the soil, and even lose the ability to cultivate the soil. In our lives, we often throw away all kinds of waste plastic. Waste plastic processing can be made into buttons, pens and other supplies. Waste plastics are also good as raw materials for oil refineries. Once someone image compared to their "second oil field." A ton of waste plastic back at least 600 kilograms of finished gasoline and diesel.
In the recycling station, we see all kinds of garbage being sent here, including these inconspicuous little pieces of paper ....... We know that the good results of paper is made of wood, a ton of paper can be very good waste paper recycling 700 kilograms can be 17 trees, but also reduces the production of pulp process.
But, because the recovery rate of waste paper is still very low, only about 20%, had to import a large amount of waste paper each year, only 96 years imported 1.37 million tons of waste paper. We may also remember the 1980s, the sensational "foreign garbage" event, which is the name of the ship under the banner of imported waste paper sneaking past.
The foreign garbage was driven away, but left behind reflections on why we imported waste with other countries also do so for paper raw materials? Why we can not maximize the recycling of waste paper, but let them mixed in the garbage buried deep or burned? China's forest resources, the world average, are only 1/4 of China's rivers and lakes are due to sewage and pollution of earlier systems. If you throw away all kinds of waste paper per week an average of half a kilogram per person, then only one city, a week Beijing will throw more than 60 million tons of waste paper.
China has a historical tradition of recycling waste, recycling waste of our past, the economic constraints of the poor had no choice but to perhaps just a means of gradually affluent today, we recycle paper, it is consciously aware of and take action to protect the environment. Because we clearly know that we must retrieve more than just a sheet of paper, which is our children and grandchildren live in the forests and rivers.
Trash, only when mixed together is garbage sorted and recycled, once it is precious, and even said to be a miniature killer of used batteries, can also turn harm into good. In this humble studio, we see such a battery recycling bin. While we live in the use of batteries (non-rechargeable batteries) that contain toxic heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, heavy metals remain in the ground if it is easy for rainwater and groundwater to penetrate them.
This pollution is very difficult to exclude, with a half-life of about 30 years biologically, that is, you halve the emissions in 30 years. Therefore, it is a particular risk for people. Used batteries contain a variety of useful metals ore high recycling value.
Just because there is a serious danger of waste batteries and dedicated recycling value, strictly prohibited in many countries, they are mixed in the garbage home, Japan has such a specialized community yellow barrels, will be button batteries, respectively.
Since 1997, some people and students in Beijing acted on their own initiative and unknowingly put the classification to collect waste batteries, and young volunteers also helped set up a chain of battery recycling bins at the Beijing People's University.
As a positive response to the civic movement, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sanitation has set up a special battery collection point to collect waste batteries and focus on harmless treatment.
Do you know what biowaste recycling is? Biological waste is leftover raw food, fruit shells and shells, outer leaves left a kind of kitchen waste. What these seem strange waste can do, but they can be used to make otherwise good organic fertilizer. Bio-waste processors, like the Sopa Tree neighborhood Shinamondai Big Bio-waste Processor, can dry and crush bio-waste to make a highly effective organic fertilizer. Residents can use it to keep grass in bloom.
Using its facilities to grow vegetables, which are safer and healthier than fertilized food, is popular in supermarkets. Bio-waste usually accounts for 40% of the total garbage, if they can be turned into organic fertilizer, not only saves land used as landfill, but also saves energy and transport vehicles, while also preventing them from breeding mosquitoes and bacteria. Experts discussed the government's proposal to install a garbage disposal in all bio-cells and set up a bio-waste treatment room to work in the new district.
At that time, we can see that the garbage is created without spam community resources community recycling, and everyone just has to move a finger.
The only way to make our community more beautiful.