What are Carbon Fiber Composites? Carbon fiber and resin, metal, ceramics and other matrix composite, made of structural materials referred to as carbon fiber composites. The following is a detailed introduction to what is carbon fiber composites.
A carbon fiber composite material overview
In the composite material family, fiber reinforced materials has been the focus of attention. Since the glass fiber and organic resin composite FRP since the advent of carbon fiber, ceramic fiber and boron fiber reinforced composite materials have been successfully developed, performance has been improved, so that the field of composite materials show a school of vitality. Let's take a look at the unique carbon fiber composite materials.
Two, carbon fiber composite structure
Carbon fiber is mainly composed of carbon, a special fiber, its carbon content varies with the type, generally more than 90%. Carbon fiber has the characteristics of general carbon materials, such as high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, etc., but different from the general carbon materials, its shape has significant anisotropy, soft, can be processed into a variety of fabrics, and along the direction of the fiber axis shows high strength. Carbon fiber specific gravity is small, so there is a high specific strength.
Carbon fiber is made of man-made chemical fibers with high carbon content that do not melt during heat treatment, and is made by heat-stabilized oxidation treatment, carbonization treatment and graphitization.
Carbon fiber is a new material with excellent mechanical properties, its specific gravity is less than 1/4 of the steel, carbon fiber resin composite material tensile strength is generally more than 3,500Mpa, 7~9 times of steel, tensile modulus of elasticity of 23,000~43,000Mpa is also higher than steel. Therefore, the specific strength of CFRP, that is, the ratio of the strength of the material to its density can reach 2000Mpa / (g/cm3) or more, while the specific strength of A3 steel is only 59Mpa / (g/cm3) or so, its specific modulus is also higher than steel.
Three, carbon fiber composite material use
The main use of carbon fiber is composite with resin, metal, ceramics and other matrix, made of structural materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites, its specific strength, specific modulus of the comprehensive indicators, in the existing structural materials is the highest. In the density, stiffness, weight, fatigue characteristics of the strict requirements of the field, in the requirements of high temperature, high chemical stability of the occasion, carbon fiber composite materials are quite advantageous.
Carbon fiber is the early 50's should rocket, astronautics and aviation and other cutting-edge scientific and technological needs and now also widely used in sports equipment, textiles, chemical machinery and medical fields. With the cutting-edge technology on the technical performance of new materials increasingly demanding, prompting scientific and technological workers to continuously strive to improve the early 80s, high-performance and ultra-high-performance carbon fibers have appeared one after another, which is another leap in technology, but also marks the carbon fiber research and production has entered an advanced stage.
Composite materials made of carbon fiber and epoxy resin combination, due to its small specific gravity, good rigidity and high strength and become an advanced aerospace materials. Because the weight of the aerospace vehicle can be reduced by 1 kilogram for every 1 kilogram of the weight of the launch vehicle can be reduced by 500 kilograms. Therefore, there is a competition to adopt advanced composite materials in the aerospace industry. There is a vertical take-off and landing fighter, it used carbon fiber composite materials have accounted for the weight of the whole machine 1/4, accounting for the weight of the wing 1/3. reportedly, the United States space shuttle on the three rocket propellers key components and advanced MX missile launch tubes, etc., are made of advanced carbon fiber composite materials.
Nowadays, the F1 (World Class 1 Equation Championship) racing car, most of the structure of the body are made of carbon fiber. A major selling point of top sports cars is also the use of carbon fiber around the body to improve aerodynamics and structural strength
Carbon fiber can be processed into fabrics, mats, mats, tapes, paper and other materials. Traditional use of carbon fiber in addition to being used as insulation materials, generally not used alone, more as a reinforcing material added to the resin, metal, ceramics, concrete and other materials, constituting a composite material. Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials can be used as aircraft structural materials, electromagnetic shielding in addition to electrical materials, artificial ligaments and other body substitute materials, as well as for the manufacture of rocket shells, motorized boats, industrial robots, automotive leaf springs and drive shafts.
Four, carbon fiber composite material advantages
1, high strength (5 times that of steel)
2, excellent heat resistance (can withstand high temperatures of more than 2000 ℃)
3, excellent thermal shock resistance
4, low coefficient of thermal expansion (deformation of small)
5, low heat capacity (small deformation)
5, heat capacity (small).
5, small heat capacity (energy saving)
6, small specific gravity (1/5 of steel)
7, excellent resistance to corrosion and radiation
Carbon fiber composites have a wide range of uses and many advantages. I believe that by reading above you have an understanding of these. For more information, please pay attention to Tupac Learning to Decorate.
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