Words? |? James
After the Spring Festival holiday, the pneumonia epidemic caused by novel coronavirus continued to spread. Since February 10, some enterprises in some provinces and cities have resumed production, but some enterprises are located in areas with serious epidemic situation and cannot resume work for the time being.
At the same time, due to the serious epidemic situation and labor shortage, it is difficult for enterprises to meet expectations even if they return to work.
For the automobile manufacturing and parts manufacturing industries, the consequences of not being able to resume work are gradually outward? Spread, from affecting the enterprise itself and the domestic industrial chain, to now affecting the overseas industrial chain-several large overseas car companies have stopped production.
At present, Hyundai Ulsan Factory, the factory with the highest automobile production in the world, has stopped production. In addition, KIA Automobile Factory and Renault Samsung joint venture brand Renault Samsung Factory have also stopped production.
In Japan, Nissan Kyushu Factory also stopped production on February 14, and will stop production for two days on February 17 and February 24. Jaguar Land Rover and Fiat Chrysler (FCA) also warned that the supply of spare parts has been very tight, almost standing on the edge of production suspension.
Some overseas automobile manufacturers stopped production, indicating that the impact of the China epidemic on the automobile manufacturing industry continued to ferment, and the impact on the industry became increasingly obvious. At the same time, from another aspect, we can see that the globalization process of auto parts suppliers in China is accelerating and becoming more and more important.
1. Has Korea become the hardest hit area for production suspension? Hyundai KIA Renault has confessed.
Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, many overseas automakers have stopped production or are in danger of stopping production. At present, Hyundai Ulsan Factory, the factory with the highest automobile production in the world, has stopped production. In addition, KIA Automobile Factory and Renault Samsung joint venture brand Renault Samsung Factory have also stopped production.
1, Hyundai Motor: Nissan lost 700 million yuan, which is worse than Beijing Benz.
Hyundai is the first automobile company outside China to stop production. On February 4th, Hyundai Group announced that due to the shortage of parts from China, Hyundai Group would suspend its automobile production in South Korea. At the same time, Kia will also slow down its car production in South Korea.
Hyundai Motor currently has seven factories in South Korea, five of which are concentrated in Ulsan. From February 4th, Hyundai Ulsan Factory began to slow down production. Starting from February 7, all five factories in Hyundai Ulsan stopped production.
It is understood that the annual output of five factories in Ulsan can reach 6.5438+0.4 million, making it the largest vehicle factory in the world. Affected by this shutdown, 25,000 workers in Ulsan factory have been on holiday, and the time for returning to work has not yet been determined.
A spokesman for Hyundai Motor Union said on February 10 that the supplier in China had resumed production in China on that day, and Hyundai Motor's factory in South Korea will gradually resume production from February 1 1 day to February 17.
▲ Hyundai cars waiting for export are parked in Ulsan Port, South Korea.
According to Hyundai Group, a worker of the supply chain manufacturer was diagnosed with novel coronavirus, which caused the factory to stop working, so the parts of Hyundai Group's Korean factory could not be supplied in time. Hyundai relies heavily on auto parts exported from China in the manufacturing process, so the closure of suppliers in China will have a great impact on Hyundai.
Hyundai Group's factory in South Korea has a huge production capacity, and the annual output of its brands Hyundai and Kia in South Korea accounts for about 40% of the group's total output. In 20 19, the annual output of Hyundai Motor and Kia Motors under Hyundai Group was 7.2 million. Affected by the suspension of production in South Korea, Hyundai Group may use production lines in Russia, Turkey, Czech Republic and the United States to make up for the production capacity of Korean factories.
Hyundai Group said that it is taking various remedial measures to minimize the losses and hopes to find an alternative supplier outside China as soon as possible.
According to foreign media AFP, the reason for the shutdown of modern factories is the shortage of vehicle wiring harnesses. Wiring harness is a common component in various electronic devices, which is used to connect electronic devices. Although this part of the harness is inconspicuous, it also plays an important role in the car.
An employee of Hyundai Ulsan Factory said: "It's a pity that I can't go to work now and have to accept a pay cut. This is very uncomfortable. "
The suspension of production has a great impact on modern times. Analysts predict that if Hyundai factory stops production for five days, it will lose at least 600 billion won (about 3.52 billion yuan), which is equivalent to a daily loss of 700 million yuan, which is more serious than the daily loss of 400 million yuan in Beijing Benz factory.
2. Kia Motors: Modern Kia family, the products are the same.
The production shortage in Hyundai automotive wiring harness will definitely affect Kia Motors, another brand of the group. Indeed, Kia Motors' factory in South Korea stopped production on February 10.
According to foreign media CNN, Kia Motors spokesman said on February 10 that Kia Motors suspended almost all production in three factories in South Korea.
A KIA spokesman said that due to the wiring harness supply problem in China, KIA's three factories in Sochari, Huacheng and Gwangju have been temporarily closed. Kia's military vehicle production line in Gwangju is still in production and has not been closed. A KIA spokesperson said that the factory in Huacheng resumed production in February 1 1, and the factories in the other two regions will resume production in February 12.
A Kia spokesperson said: "We are trying to get supplies from factories that have resumed production in China, South Korea and Southeast Asia."
3. Renault: Stop production for 4 days? Increased risk of continuous supply failure?
Renault Samsung Automobile, a joint venture brand of Renault Samsung, has also stopped production at present, and the reason for the suspension of production is also the disconnection of the wiring harness.
According to the foreign media South Korea's "Central Daily News" reported on February 6, the Renault Samsung RSM factory in Busan, South Korea will stop production on February 1 1 day, and the shutdown time will be 2-3 days. However, due to the slow resumption of work by suppliers in China, even if the wiring harness products start to be supplied, the factory's production cannot immediately return to normal.
A Renault spokesman said on February 7 that the suspension of production will last for four days. He said: "Due to the special geographical location of Busan, the risk of supply interruption of factories here is greater, and it is also the place where supply is stopped most frequently."
In addition, the spokesman also said that Renault and its alliance Nissan are working closely together to cope with the supply disruption.
Second, Japan and Europe have not been spared? Many car companies are waiting.
At present, three car companies in South Korea have stopped production, including Hyundai Ulsan Factory, which has the highest car production in the world. Japanese car companies are also facing such problems. Nissan Kyushu factory will stop production on February 14. At the same time, Jaguar Land Rover and Fiat Chrysler (FCA) also warned that the supply of spare parts has been very tight, almost standing on the edge of production suspension.
1, Nissan: stop production for three days? Affected 3000 cars.
According to the Japanese media "Nikkei News", the supply of spare parts from China is very tight at present, and it is difficult for Japanese enterprises to purchase spare parts from China, so Japanese automobile factories are also facing the possibility of stopping production and reducing production.
Nissan's factory in Kyushu is currently experiencing a shortage of spare parts. On February 10, a Nissan spokesman said that on February 14, all two production lines of Kyushu factory will be stopped; On February 17, another production line that mainly produces export cars will also stop production. In addition, the working hours on other non-stop days will be adjusted from 8 hours per shift to 7 hours, and the factory production time will be reduced by 2 hours per day. According to the forecast, the suspension of production will affect the production and delivery of 3000 cars every day.
Another media report said that in addition to the shutdown on February 14 and February 17, Nissan's Kyushu factory will also be shut down for one day on February 24, and the shutdown time will be extended. Due to the shutdown of Nissan's Kyushu factory, Nissan's subsidiary Nissan Automobile Body Kyushu Factory will also be shut down for two days on February 15 and February 22.
▲ Employees working in Nissan Kyushu factory.
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. has seven vehicle manufacturers and three parts factories in Japan, and the current production capacity of the affected Kyushu factory is 530,000 vehicles per year. At the same time, the Kyushu plant is also Nissan's largest vehicle factory in Japan.
It is understood that Nissan Kyushu factory has about 4,500 workers. In 2065,438+08, this factory produced 434,000 cars, accounting for about half of Nissan's total output in Japan.
2.FCA: Is there a shortage of spare parts in European factories? China is in urgent need of supply.
Then turn your eyes to Europe. According to the foreign media "Financial Times" report, Fiat Chrysler Automobile Company (FCA) said that due to the shutdown of its parts factory in China, its inventory in a European factory was in a hurry and it would be forced to stop production within a few weeks.
Mike, CEO of FCA? Manley said that due to the spread of the epidemic, four suppliers in China have stopped production, and one of them is still a "key" component. At present, this "key" component company is putting the FCA European factory in danger.
At the same time, Manley expressed concern about the future supply situation. If the suppliers in China have not returned to work by the end of February, the inventory of the other three parts factories may also be interrupted.
Manley said that in two to four weeks, FCA will make it clear whether to take measures to stop production. However, it has not yet been determined which factory.
At present, FCA has begun to take stock of spare parts inventory and evaluate the potential danger of current production stoppage. At the same time, FCA also began to seek alternative products. However, the whole process may take a long time, because the substitute products need to be tested and certified for a certain period of time.
3. Jaguar Land Rover: Warning that the supply chain is in danger.
On February 7, Jaguar Land Rover released its financial report. In the financial report, the company said that the epidemic in China continued to spread, which may affect the company's performance in the fourth quarter. It is too early to quantify the impact of the epidemic on the company.
However, just these two days, on February 9th, Jaguar Land Rover announced that if the epidemic continues to rage, the supply chain outside China will also be affected. In addition, Land Rover's factory in Changshu, Jiangsu Province has also been affected. At present, the factory has not resumed work, and the time for resumption of work has not yet been determined.
Third, China spare parts enterprises are slow to return to work? Car companies face supply disruptions one after another.
A large number of automobile manufacturers stopped production due to the shortage of spare parts, and the factories that produced these parts were also delayed to resume work due to the epidemic. At present, * * * four overseas automakers have stopped production or have confirmed that they will stop production soon. The missing part of Hyundai and Kia is the wire harness, and the car found the source of the wire harness.
According to the foreign media "Korea Times", at present, the harness parts of Hyundai and Kia Korea factories mainly come from three Korean companies, namely Jingxin Company, Euler Company and THN Company.
1, Jingxin Company
Official website, the supplier of Jingxin Company, shows that there are currently 65,438+00 branches in the world, including 4 in China. These four companies are Qingdao Jingxin Electronics Co., Ltd., Qingdao Jimo Jingxin Electronics Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Jingxin Electronics Co., Ltd. and Anhui Jingxin Electronics Co., Ltd.
A spokesman for South Korea's Jingxin Company recently said in an interview with foreign media Reuters: "At present, the company is in a state of emergency."
2. Euler Company
Yura currently has six factories in South Korea and nine factories in China, namely Weihai No.1 Factory, Weihai No.2 Factory, Rongcheng Factory, Yantai Factory, Heze Factory, Beijing Factory, Baoding Factory, Laoling Factory and Sichuan Factory. Yura's business is also distributed in Southeast Asia, Europe and South America.
3.THN Company
THN currently has parts factories in North Korea, China, Brazil, Paraguay and the Philippines. Among them, China has the largest number of factories, and * * * has six factories, namely, Qingdao Sancheng Denso Co., Ltd., Donghai Sanming Denso, Weihai Ruixiang Electronic Assembly Co., Ltd., Sanxian Denso, Shandong Shisan Electric Assembly Co., Ltd. and Shandong Shisan Electric Assembly Co., Ltd. Juye Branch. In addition, three factories in South Korea also produce wire harness products for Hyundai Motor.
▲ A lot of wiring harnesses are used to produce a car.
Therefore, combing the incidents of the suspension of production of Hyundai and Kia Motors, we can find that:
Due to the spread of the epidemic, the China factories of Jingxin Company, Yula Company and THN Company were forced to close. Next, before the Spring Festival holiday in China, the Korean factory reserved at least three weeks of wire harness inventory, which was anxious and could not meet the production, leading to the shutdown of the Korean factory. However, due to the inability to guarantee the production capacity after the resumption of work in China, some factories may not resume work for the time being, and the supply problem cannot be solved immediately.
At present, Jingxin Company and Yula Company have decided to increase the output of factories in South Korea and Southeast Asian countries to make up for the current shortage of domestic production capacity.
Although many enterprises in Japan, South Korea and Europe have stopped supplying or are about to stop supplying, the media only reported the specific parts that Korean manufacturers stopped supplying, so we can trace back to which manufacturers had problems.
At present, there are no media reports on the specific parts that Nissan, FCA and other enterprises stopped supplying, and the manufacturers have not disclosed this information. Therefore, it is impossible to know which domestic suppliers have stopped production to their production schedule.
Fourth, is it normal for parts companies to go to sea? The global layout has its own unique tricks.
Many overseas auto companies are forced to stop production due to the shortage of spare parts, which also shows that China auto parts suppliers not only meet the needs of domestic auto companies, but also supply the global auto industry chain. So what about domestic auto parts going to sea?
According to customs statistics, since 20 14, the export volume of China's auto parts manufacturing industry has been maintained at more than 60 billion US dollars (about 420 billion yuan), accounting for more than 75% of all auto products exports, and auto parts are the main force of auto products exports.
Brand, a British brand value assessment agency? According to the "20 18 list of the most valuable parts brands in the world" published by Caijing, Valeo was the most valuable parts company in the world in 20 18, followed by Magna and Ampufu, and China's Sheng Jun Electronics ranked seventh. Other parts brands in China, such as Wei Chai Group and Huayu Automobile, also entered the top 100 global auto parts in 20 19.
However, the competitiveness of China parts enterprises is still not as good as that of international parts giants.
Due to the phenomenon of overcapacity of car companies, the operation and survival of car companies are facing challenges. The direct contact with the whole vehicle enterprises is the parts enterprises. These parts companies are also trying to explore and seek transformation, and one of the important directions is to go to sea.
After years of development, the mode of China spare parts enterprises going to sea has been upgraded from domestic manufacturing and sales to overseas R&D, overseas production and overseas sales, and has entered a new stage. The following are some typical cases of spare parts enterprises going to sea.
1, Sheng Jun Electronics
Sheng Jun Electronics is a plastic parts processing enterprise, but it has gained more market through innovation and upgrading of many enterprises and overseas mergers and acquisitions. At present, Sheng Jun Electronics has developed products in the fields of intelligent driving, automobile safety products, automobile functional parts and power control of new energy vehicles. , and upgraded the parts manufacturing.
At present, Sheng Jun Electronics has major R&D bases in Asia and Europe, and has developed parts business in more than 30 countries, with more than 50,000 employees. According to the official website of Sheng Jun Electronics, there are 62 OEM automobile companies * * * cooperating with Sheng Jun Electronics. And 1 1 manufacturer.
2. Wei Chai Group
Wei Chai Group realized its strategy of going to sea through export trade, cross-border mergers and acquisitions and local manufacturing.
In terms of export trade, Wei Chai Group's powertrains, complete vehicles, hydraulic controls and auto parts are exported to more than 100 countries and regions around the world, and offices have been set up in more than 30 countries. In terms of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, Wei Chai Group has expanded the development of engine and hydraulic technology through mergers and acquisitions since 2009. At the same time, Wei Chai Group has established R&D and manufacturing bases in Southeast Asia, North America and other countries to promote enterprise development.
3. Beijing Hainachuan
Beijing Hainachuan is a company specializing in developing and manufacturing auto parts. At present, its products cover interior, appearance, power system, chassis system, seat, car body, electronic appliances and so on. Hainachuan's current global industrial layout covers 9 countries in Asia, Europe, North America and South America, and has established 32 bases and R&D centers.
▲ The global distribution of typical domestic auto parts enterprises (the table comes from China Auto Parts Industry Development Report (20 18 ~ 20 19)).
In addition, many internationally renowned parts companies are optimistic about the China market, and have also set up branches and factories in China for localized production.
On the one hand, their products meet the needs of domestic car companies and even sell back to Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. For example, the three companies mentioned above, Jingxin, Yula and THN of South Korea, produce automotive wiring harness in China and sell it to South Korea.
4. Magna International Inc. (abbreviation for Magna International Inc.)
Magna is a leading supplier of spare parts, with 365,438+0 factories, 65,438+00 R&D centers and 55 sales center offices in China.
At present, Magna has set up body, chassis, exterior decoration, seat, powertrain, electronics, rearview mirror, electronic lock, vehicle design and OEM factory or R&D center in China. Magna has 65,438+066,000 employees worldwide and 65,438+08750 employees in China, accounting for about 65,438+065,438+0% of the global employees.
5. Bosch
Bosch has 23 manufacturing plants in Chinese mainland, which mainly produce motors, gearboxes and power equipment for electric vehicles and export them to other countries. Two factories in Wuhan mainly manufacture automobile steering system and thermal technology; Production of multimedia entertainment system in Wuhu factory; Nanjing factory production auxiliary system; Changzhou factory produces intelligent networked cars and self-driving cars ... In addition, Bosch also has factories in Wuxi and Taicang.
In 20 19, Bosch's total sales in the Asia-Pacific region reached 22.5 billion euros (about 172 billion yuan), of which China's sales reached10 billion euros (about 76 billion yuan).
5. Global car companies rely on China parts? Local enterprises still need industrial upgrading.
In China, many parts manufacturers go to sea, and many foreign companies invest in China. China is increasingly participating in the global automobile industry chain.
Let's go back to the problem of car companies shutting down their overseas factories. A total of ***5 car companies and 1 1 factories stopped production, and more and more car companies began to warn of supply chain problems. Almost all the car companies that stopped working said that if the shutdown time is not long, they can use the weekend after returning to work to replenish production.
However, the economic losses caused by the suspension of production to car companies are real. Five factories in Hyundai Ulsan, South Korea stopped production for about 5 days, with an estimated loss of 3.5 billion yuan. Nissan's Kyushu plant in Japan stopped production for 2 days, and it is expected that the delivery of 3,000 vehicles will be affected. Renault Samsung factory stopped production for 4 days, and Kia factory also stopped production for 1-2 days.
It seems that the time for car companies to stop production is not long, but the loss caused by one day of production stoppage is huge. The longer the production stoppage, the greater the loss.
Parts enterprises located in China will gradually resume work after February 10, which is believed to ease the pressure on the whole supply chain.
China's annual export of auto parts can reach more than 60 billion US dollars (about 420 billion yuan), accounting for more than 75% of the total export of automobile manufacturing industry, and it is the main force in the export of automobile products.
At present, there are more than 1.3 million auto parts manufacturers in China, with an annual output value of more than 3 trillion yuan. Today, the overall performance of the automobile manufacturing industry is weak, and it still maintains a strong growth force. This is inseparable from the technological innovation and industrial upgrading of parts enterprises. At the same time, some parts enterprises expand overseas markets and occupy a broader world.
Once successful, the spare parts enterprises will go to sea, which will not only affirm the spare parts manufacturing technology of overseas enterprises, but also make China spare parts enterprises earn more, killing two birds with one stone.
However, most of the auto parts exported from China have low added value. Glass, bumpers, wire harnesses and brake pads are common, but the proportion of key automobile parts in export quotas is low. This also shows that, apart from several giants, China spare parts enterprises are still at the OEM level. However, in today's global economic integration, the mode of OEM is obviously no longer suitable for China's national conditions.
In addition, it is worth noting that a certain share of the annual export scale of 420 billion RMB of automobile products is exported by companies established by foreign-funded enterprises in China, rather than Chinese-funded parts enterprises.
All these indicate that China spare parts enterprises need to further enhance their R&D capabilities and move towards the core of the spare parts industry. On the other hand, it is to enhance competitiveness and further expand market share.
Conclusion: The auto parts enterprises in China affect the global industrial development.
As the epidemic continues to spread, parts manufacturers in China are forced to stop production, and the delivery of products will be delayed. This is a blow to foreign automakers who rely on China parts.
In the past two days, the automobile manufacturing industry and parts manufacturing industry in China have gradually resumed work, but enterprises in Hubei will not resume work until next week. The impact of the epidemic on foreign car companies may continue. I hope this epidemic will end soon, so that people's health will no longer be hit.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.