The giant panda is China's "national treasure" and is loved by people all over the world. It is a symbol of the world's biodiversity protection and a symbol of peace and friendship. She is only distributed in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces in China, and the total number of wild animals is less than 1 000. More than 80% of the giant pandas are distributed in Sichuan. There are giant pandas in Chongzhou, Dujiangyan, Dayi, Pengzhou and Qi Jie, all of which belong to Chengdu. She is a unique and precious natural resource in Sichuan, and all Chinese and foreign guests coming to Sichuan are betting on the giant panda.
According to the successful experience of protecting endangered and rare animals in the world, the protection of giant pandas must combine in-situ protection with ex-situ protection. The purpose and task of establishing chengdu research base of giant panda is to expand the ex-situ population of giant pandas through artificial breeding. After field training and adaptive transition, they are finally released to nature, so as to expand and revive the wild population, maintain and improve the genetic diversity of this species, and thus achieve the purpose of continuing this species and keeping it around human beings. In order to achieve this goal, the Chengdu Municipal People's Government decided to build the base in March, 1987, which attracted the attention of leaders at the central, provincial and municipal levels, relevant departments and many people of insight overseas. With the direct support and guidance of the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Forestry and the China Zoo Association, after more than ten years of construction, the first and second phases of the project covering an area of 36.5 hectares have been completed. Research centers, modern delivery rooms and hospitals have been built and gradually improved, and the wild ecological environment of giant pandas has been simulated by garden methods. The adult, sub-adult and larval breeding areas of giant pandas have been built, with a total area of 34781.8m2, which has created good habitat conditions for giant pandas. In addition, supporting facilities such as the Giant Panda Museum and the service reception center have been built.
The base is located in hammer hill, the northern suburb of Chengdu, with a distance of 10 km. There is a wide panda avenue connected with the urban area, which has become one of the main bases for ex-situ conservation of rare and endangered wild animals such as giant pandas in China. Giant pandas are kept all year round. Red pandas, black-necked cranes, storks, white swans, black swans, geese, mandarin ducks, peacocks and other animals. There are more than 90 species of wild birds in 29 families in the artificial ecological vegetation composed of more than 300 species of higher plants in 68 families in the base. Now, the base is full of green bamboo, green trees, birds and flowers, fresh air, natural Shan Ye scenery and beautiful man-made landscape.
At present, the base has gathered a group of experts and technicians with high technical level, has domestic first-class technical equipment, and has maintained horizontal and vertical exchanges and cooperation with many popular science units and universities at home and abroad. Over the years, many breakthroughs have been made in the basic research and applied research fields of rare and endangered animals such as giant pandas. * * * applied for more than 50 research topics to the national, provincial and municipal science and technology management departments. Since 1980, * * has won more than 40 national, provincial, municipal and ministerial technological invention awards and scientific and technological progress awards. Among them, the projects such as "Development of DNA Fingerprint Probe of Giant Panda and Establishment of DNA Extraction Method", "Study on Twin Breeding of Giant Panda" and "Study on Pathogen and Prevention of Hemorrhagic Enteritis of Giant Panda" are at the leading level at home and abroad, and the popularization and application of these research results have greatly promoted the protection of rare and endangered animals such as giant pandas. At present, Chengdu Open Laboratory for Breeding and Genetics of Endangered Wild Animals has been established, bringing together relevant experts, focusing on reproductive biology and conservation genetics, and has made important achievements in breeding and genetics of giant pandas.
The base has made remarkable achievements in artificial breeding of giant pandas. Since 1980 became the first time for zoos in the world to breed giant pandas with frozen semen, on the basis of the original 6 giant pandas, as of May 20 1 year, Chengdu Giant Panda Research Base and Chengdu zoos * * * have bred 40 surviving giant pandas, giving birth to 62 cubs and 38 surviving pandas over half a year old. There are 30 cubs. Known as the "heroic mother", Mei Mei, a giant panda, created the miracle of artificially breeding giant pandas to give birth to 9 1 1 cubs, while her daughter Phoebe broke the breeding record set by her mother, giving birth to 71/cubs and surviving to 10.
In order to further develop popular science education and raise public awareness of protecting the environment and wildlife, the base established the Giant Panda Museum at 1993. It is the only museum dedicated to rare and endangered wildlife in the world. At present, three relatively independent and interrelated pavilions, namely, the Giant Panda Pavilion, the Butterfly Pavilion and the Vertebrate Pavilion, have been built, and there are also relatively complete supporting service facilities. With a total area of nearly 4,000 square meters, there are more than 800 precious pictures and photos in the museum, showing more than 2 140 specimens mainly from Sichuan. 12,450 pieces (only), including more than 0/00 species of technical specimens, more than 300 species of birds, more than 240 species of amphibians and reptiles, more than 230 species of fish, more than 65,438 species of butterflies and other insects, and more than 0/00 species of fossils and model specimens, all over the place. There are thousands of documents and books in the collection, forming a comprehensive museum with the theme of human understanding and research on the great bear, saving lives and breeding, displaying, publicizing and protecting the biodiversity of nature.
Since its establishment, the base has received hundreds of thousands of guests and tourists from more than 50 countries, as well as tourists from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. They spoke highly of the construction achievements, scientific research achievements and environmental quality of the base, which made Chengdu Giant Panda Research Base have a great influence at home and abroad and enjoy a high reputation. Due to its outstanding achievements in the protection of rare and endangered animals such as giant pandas, the base has successively won the honors of "Top 500 in the World" issued by the United Nations Environment Programme, "China Green Science and Technology Gold Award", "National Excellent Project for Comprehensive Environmental Management" and "National Science Popularization Education Base" awarded by China.
The construction and achievements of the base fully reflect the great attention and responsibility of the China government for international environmental protection and development, represent the level of wildlife protection and management in China, and are important measures to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity signed by our government and fulfill our commitment to the international community.
Chengdu Municipal People's Government has made plans for the third phase expansion of the work area. After the expansion, the giant panda covers more than 230 hectares. It will strive to create a living environment similar to the wild for giant pandas. The artificially bred giant panda will be released into the wild habitat after the wild training and adaptive transition stage, and finally achieve the purpose of continuing and preserving this rare and endangered species.