Judgment Questions
1. Wisdom is the basis for the comprehensive development of man (wrong)
2. The main problem in China's existing human resources for public ****health is overstaffing (wrong)
3. In the context of the increasing competition for health care services nowadays, medical and health care institutions and medical personnel in their
4. The World Health Organization defines essential medicines as medicines that meet the health care needs of the entire population, are available in sufficient quantities and in appropriate dosage forms at all times, and are affordable to individuals and the community (False)
5. The new health care reform program explicitly states that the role of Western medicine should be given full play, but does not mention the role of Chinese medicine. The new health care reform program clearly states that the role of Western medicine should be given full play, but does not mention traditional Chinese medicine (wrong )
6. The reform of the medical and health system must adhere to the national conditions, and establish a medical and health system with Chinese characteristics (right )
7. The public **** health and basic medical services provided by China's medical and health care service system do not belong to the public **** products and public **** services (wrong )
8. Health care There is no controversy in the theoretical world as to whether the services are centralized or decentralized (Error )
9. The preferential hospitals are not a product of a particular historical period but have existed for a long period of time (Error )
10. There are legislative norms governing the advances in the life sciences and the use of gene technology, cloning, euthanasia, and the protection of biological species resources. (Error )
11. Local governments should, in accordance with the requirements of this opinion and the implementation plan, formulate specific implementation plans and effective measures in accordance with local conditions, carefully organize and promote the reform process in an orderly manner, so as to ensure that the fruits of the reform benefit part of the population (Error )
12.
13. The healthcare reform program is only a completion of the strategic planning and relevant supporting measures for the reform of the medical and healthcare system, which only provides an administrative solution to the problem of "difficult and expensive access to medical care" in terms of system, policy and resources. "
14. Theoretically, the new healthcare reform program, if implemented, will have the effect of boosting consumer spending (correct)
15. Theoretically, the new healthcare reform program, if implemented, will play a role in promoting consumption (correct )
15. In the work of improving the primary healthcare service system, the National Development and Reform Commission has issued 20 billion yuan of funding to identify 5689 construction projects for primary healthcare institutions; the national peer-to-peer support work is in full swing; and the provinces, districts, and municipalities have already implemented the subsidies for public **** healthcare services for rural doctors (correct )
16. The experience of pharmaceutical industry associations in foreign developed countries tells us that in order to play the role of a bridge and link, we must first avoid becoming a non-governmental organization that is completely independent of the government (correct )
17. At present, the flow of medical and health care personnel in our country is basically a two-way street (incorrect )
18. The so-called "medicines to support the doctor", that is, in the government to support the doctor (correct )
18.
18. The so-called "medicines for doctors", that is, in the case of insufficient financial input from the government, hospitals increase their own income by reducing expenditure to make up for the operating and development costs required by the lack of their financial input (judgement error )
19. The distribution of health resources in our country is slightly unbalanced (error )
20. There are three risk-protection indicators identified in the performance evaluation system for the health care reform: The proportion of personal health expenditure to total health expenditure, the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure, and the rate of poverty due to medical expenses (correct )
21. The new healthcare system reform divides healthcare institutions into two categories: non-profit and for-profit, and liberalizes the price of healthcare services for for-profit healthcare institutions (correct )
22. The healthcare sector has put forward the project of "10,000 Physicians Supporting Rural Health Project".
22. The health department has proposed the "Ten Thousand Physicians Support Rural Health Project", which will undoubtedly play a fundamental role in alleviating the "lack of medical care and medication" in rural areas (wrong )
23. Primary healthcare institutions in urban and rural areas should be fully equipped with and use essential medicines, and other types of healthcare institutions should make essential medicines their first choice of medicines and determine the proportion of medicines to be used (right )
24. (correct )
24. Mainland China started to formulate a list of essential medicines in 1992 and adjusted the list every three years (incorrect )
25. The new healthcare reform program clearly states that the role of Western medicine should be given full play, but does not mention Chinese medicine (incorrect )
26. The reform of the medical and healthcare system must be based on the country's situation, and the establishment of a medical and healthcare system with Chinese characteristics (correct )
27. system (correct )
27. The public **** health and basic medical services provided by China's medical and health service system are not public **** products and public **** services (incorrect )
28. Whether the health and medical services are centralized or decentralized is not disputed in the theoretical world (incorrect )
29. The occurrence and spread of a large number of diseases is The real reason for the "difficult and expensive to see a doctor" (wrong)
30. Pharmaceutical price setting should be conducive to stimulate enterprises and medical institutions to improve the ability and motivation to innovate (right )
31. China does not apply to the national and provincial agencies through the negotiation of drug manufacturers, suppliers, patented medicines, expensive drugs prices negotiated to the insurance fund and the insurance company, the insurance fund, and the medical institutions. Cost drug prices negotiated to the insurance fund and patients can afford the scope of the price to have some control over the price, and gradually try to negotiate with suppliers on the price of high-cost medical equipment, disposable medical supplies, etc. (wrong )
32. From the point of view of the health system, the mobilization of the majority of the medical staff is not the key issue (wrong )
33. Adhere to the overall situation, and The focus is on solving the current outstanding problems (wrong )
34. With the changes in the modern view of health and medical model, the health protection model is gradually being replaced by the medical protection model (wrong)
35. The state has formulated the basic public ****health service program, and since 2010, has been gradually providing urban and rural residents with unified access to basic public ****health services such as disease prevention and control, maternal and child health care, health education, etc. (wrong)
36. * health services (wrong)
36. The public *** health and basic medical services provided by China's medical and health service system are not public *** products and public *** services (wrong )
II. Single-choice Questions
1. The new health care reform program seeks to change the past market-oriented reform route, gradually establish and improve the (A )-funded public *** ** health care system, and effectively reduce residents' expenditure on health care (Single Choice )
A State
B Enterprises
C Individuals
D Non-profit Organizations
2. (A ) provides subsidies for people in difficulty to enroll in the insurance system and their unaffordable medical expenses, which ensures the bottom line of health care protection (Single Choice )
A Urban and Rural Medical Aid System
B Basic Medical Insurance for Urban Residents
C Cooperative Medical Insurance for Rural Areas
D Urban and Rural Public **** Health Service System
3. According to the "Decision of the Central Government of the People's Republic of China **** on Several Major Issues Concerning the Construction of a Socialist and Harmonious Society" made by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the basic medical and health care system is a kind of (D) (single choice ) < /p>
A health protection system organized by state-run enterprises to provide public **** health services to all residents free of charge and basic medical services at cost
B health protection system organized by public welfare organizations to provide public **** health services to all residents free of charge and basic medical services at cost
C health protection system organized by the government to provide public **** health services to part of the population free of charge and basic medical services at cost
C health protection system organized by the government to provide public **** health services to part of the population free of charge and basic medical services at cost
C health protection system organized by the government to provide basic medical services to part of the population free of charge
D a health protection system organized by the government to provide public **** health services to all residents free of charge and basic medical services at cost
4. Public **** health belongs to the category of (B) (Single Choice )
A private product
B public **** product
C labor products
D quasi-public **** products
5. The fundamental attribute of health care is (A) (Single Choice )
A public welfare
B profitability
C marketability
D diversity
6. Ideally, community hospitals should have more (D), and be able to The ideal state of community hospitals is to have more (D), which can fundamentally solve the needs of the people "difficult to see the doctor" (single choice )
D general practitioners
7. ( C) October 1, China's special drug monitoring system was formally opened, and the country's narcotic drugs and the first class of psychotropic drugs to achieve real-time monitoring (single choice )
7. C2007
8. From 1978 to 2006, with the continuous evolution of marketization, the absolute amount of government health investment increased year by year, and the proportion of government investment in the total health costs in (D) (Single choice )
D declined
9. In July 2005, the Development Research Center of the State Council released a study on health care reform in the media, stating that China's health care reform Overall unsuccessful, the crux of the problem is that in the past two decades, medical services have been gradually (A) (Single Choice )
A marketized and commoditized
B internationalized and commoditized
C universalized
D marketed
10. The following does not belong to the current manifestation of the government's responsibility for lack of health care security in China (C) (Single Choice )
A Insufficient financial investment in medical and health care
B Inadequate government responsibility in rural medical security
C The government has assumed too little administrative responsibility, which hinders the role of the market responsibility mechanism
D Lagging behind in the construction of laws and regulations to regulate and supervise medical and health care services
11. The main content of the basic medical and health care system is that, with government The main content of the basic medical and health care system is to provide the public with preventive health care services and (A) basic medical services for the public free of charge (single choice )
A charge according to the cost
B free
C paid
D for profit
D to increase the number of people with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities
D to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities and to increase the number of children with disabilities. p>
12. The basis for stepping up law enforcement in medicine and health is (A) (Single Choice )
A Formulation of Laws and Regulations
B Enforcement
C Compliance
D Supervision
13. The new health care reform plan also emphasizes the establishment of a system of disclosure of information, which will attract (C) to the regulation of governmental departments and the health care system (Single Choice )
A Enterprises
B Private individuals
C Society as a whole
D Public interest organizations
14. The so-called "medicines to support doctors" means that, in the case of insufficient government financial input, hospitals increase their own income through (C) to make up for the shortfall in financial input required for their p>B urban workers
C migrant workers
D all people
16. The regulation of medical and health care begins with the improvement of the construction of ( B )
A health facilities
B the health legal system
C the medical foundation
D human resources
17. The level of the public health Further improvement of both the premise and the goal is (D), we can only stand at this height to really read the real meaning of the health care reform (single choice )
A people's income increases
B national income increases
C people can afford to see the disease
D people get sick less often
18. The government's investment in health refers to the amount of money spent by all levels of the government on the health care (C) (Single Choice )
A Fiscal Expenditure
B Fiscal Budget
C Fiscal Budget Allocation
D Fiscal Appropriation
19. It is necessary to set up a mechanism for innovation in medicine and health science and technology and a mechanism for guaranteeing human resources for sustainable development, and to push forward the scientific and technological progress in medicine and health. It is necessary to take (C) as the focus of national scientific and technological development (Single choice )
A Talent training
B Technological innovation
C Pharmaceutical and health science and technology innovation
D Technology introduction
20. The operation of the market must be based on (B), only in this way can we form a market environment of orderly competition (Single choice )
A Law
B Consumption
C Price
D Morality
21. The fundamental attribute of health care is (A) (Single Choice )
A Public Benefit
B Profitability
C Marketability
D Diversity
22. Ideally, community hospitals should have a greater number The ideal state of community hospitals is to have more (D), which can fundamentally solve the needs of the people who are "difficult to see the doctor" (Single choice )
A
B
C
D general practitioners
23. On October 1, ( C), China's monitoring system for special medicines was formally opened, and the whole country has now been able to realize the benefits of the monitoring system for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances of the first category. Narcotic drugs and Class I psychotropic drugs have realized real-time monitoring (single choice )
A2005
D2008
C2007
B2006
24 Between 1978 and 2006, with the continuous evolution of marketization, the absolute amount of government investment in health has increased year by year, and the government's investment in the total health cost The proportion of government investment in the total health expenditure has been (D) (Single Choice )
A increasing
D decreasing
C Unable to be counted
B remaining stable
25. In 2004, the Ministry of Health published a report on the "Survey of the National Health Service", which showed that the population of the urban areas in mainland China who did not have any medical insurance accounted for about (C) (Single Choice )
C40%
. p>
26. China's existing level of public ****health human resource allocation is only equivalent to 22.6% of the United States and 15.2% of Russia, the main problem in the existing human resources is (B ) (Single Choice )
A too many people
B too low quality of personnel
C lower economic status of the personnel
D lower social status of the personnel <
27. By the year (C), a scientific and reasonable medical price formation mechanism and a perfect medical price management system will be established. (Single choice )
C2020
28. Financial subsidies for medical services from the main subsidies to the supply side to the main subsidies to the demand side of the shift in subsidies for public **** health services to restore the original (C) mechanism (Single choice )
A demand-side dominant
B supply-side dominant
C supply-side and demand-side **** with the dominant
D supply-side and demand-side dominant
C supply-side and demand-side **** with the dominant
D supply-side and demand-side **** with the dominant p>D supply-side and demand-side take turns to dominate
30. The bottom of the net of China's health service system is (D), which undertakes the functions of prevention, medical treatment, health care, health education, rehabilitation, family planning, etc., and is the main body of the provision of basic medical and health care services, and plays an important role in the improvement of the residents' health condition (single choice )
B municipal hospitals
D primary health care organizations
31. p>
31. In the national total health expenditure, the proportion of expenditure on medical costs from the 1980s to the present, has been high above (B), resulting in disease prevention, public **** health services and other aspects of the lack of funds, talent and shrinkage of institutions (single choice )
B80%
32. From the proportion of the world's countries' health expenditures as a percentage of fiscal expenditure and GDP, as the economy grows, the proportion of health expenditures will increase as the economy grows. GDP, with the growth of economic development and fiscal expenditure, the proportion of health expenditure to fiscal expenditure and GDP should be (C) (Single Choice )
A Gradually declining
B Stable
C Gradually rising
D Changing in accordance with the policy
33. "Difficulty in seeing a doctor and high cost of medical care " is really caused by ( c) (Single choice )
A low income of the people
B high price of medicines
C large number of diseases occurring and spreading
D inadequate infrastructure
34. The new health care reform program seeks to change the past market-oriented reform course and gradually establish and improve the ( )-funded public *** health care system, and effectively reduce residents' expenditure on health care (Single choice A )
A State
B Enterprises
C Individuals
D Non-profit organizations
35. China's existing level of allocation of human resources for public *** health is only equivalent to 22.6% of the United States and 15.2% of Russia, the existing The main problem in human resources is (B) (Single choice )
A Excessive personnel
B Low quality of personnel
C Lower economic status of personnel
D Lower social status of personnel
36. Regulation of health care should be firstly improved by the construction of (B) (Single choice )
A Health facilities
B Health legal system
C medical foundation
Three, multiple choice questions
1. In addition to the state, through increased financial investment, to provide full funding for the staffing, development and construction of public ****health services and operations, through the (B C ) will also reduce the price of medicines. (Multiple Choice )
A Reducing the production cost of medicines and controlling the prices of medicines from the source
B Standardizing the procurement of medicines and resolutely combating commercial bribery in the purchase and sale of medicines
C Strengthening the monitoring of adverse reactions to medicines, and setting up a mechanism for early warning of safety and emergency response in medicines
D Raising the income of the population to make medicines affordable to the residents
2. Improving the rural (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Strengthen the government's responsibility, increase financial investment
B Deepen the institutional reform, improve the operating mechanism
C Clarify the relevant policies, accelerate the cultivation of talents
D Establish an information platform, strengthen the long-term management
3. Problems of foreign health care business There are mainly (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A sharp increase in medical costs, medical costs are growing faster than the rate of economic development, accounting for an increasing proportion of GDP
B the distribution of health resources is unreasonable
C the utilization of health resources is not efficient
D the quality of health care services is not as good as it should be
4. In view of the current situation of the health care system in our country, the government should at least health care system, the government should at least play an important role in (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A acting as an insurer to establish a universally covered health care insurance system
B acting as a purchaser to restrain the cost of health care services
C acting as a planner to establish a sound primary health care service system
D acting as a regulator to curb market failures in health care services
D acting as a regulator to suppress The prerequisite for an effective response to public health emergencies is the information system (BD) (Multiple Choice )
A Perfection
B Efficient
C Convenient
D Rapid
6. The country will gradually solve the problem of "medicine as a means to support medical care".
DPromoting full-cost accounting and establishing an economic operation system centered on cost control
7 The main contents of the basic medical and health care system are to provide preventive health care services for the public free of charge and to provide basic medical services for the public at a cost (multiple choice )
A led by the government's financial investment
B carried out through rural and urban community health care services
B carried out through rural and urban community health care services
B carried out through rural and urban community health care services
C targeting all urban and rural residents
D using appropriate technology and essential medicines as the means
8. With the development of society and the gradual improvement of the socialist market economy, people's demand for public ****services is getting higher and higher, and the government's focus should be gradually shifted from economic work in the direction of (BC) to the establishment of a public **** * service-oriented government (multiple choice )
A formulating policies and regulations
B providing public **** services
C focusing on social development
D developing a democratic system
9. In order to (AC), and for the purpose of (D), the Ministry of Health has commissioned the Center for Statistical Information to formulate a Program of Medical and Health System Reform Monitoring and Evaluation (multiple choice )
A real-time understanding of the stage-by-stage results of the medical reform
B safeguarding the basic medical and health conditions of the population
C timely detection of problems in the reform
D evidence-based basis for decision-making departments to adjust and improve policies and measures
A acting as an insurer to establish a universally-covered medical insurance system
10. In response to the current situation of the country's medical system, the The government should at least play the important role of (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A acting as an insurer to establish a universally covered medical insurance system
B acting as a purchaser to constrain the cost of medical services
C acting as a planner to establish a sound primary health care service system
D acting as a regulator to curb market failures in the provision of medical services
11. The prerequisite for an effective response to public health emergencies is the information system (BD) (Multiple Choice )
A Perfection
B High Efficiency
C Convenience
D Rapidity
12. The country will gradually solve the problem of "supporting doctors with medicines", and public hospitals must strengthen their internal management. Public hospitals must strengthen internal management, from ( ), to build a standardized and efficient operating mechanism (multiple choice ) (ABCD)
A establish a standardized organizational structure, reasonable and scientific designation of posts
B establish quality standards, build quality management system
C improve the workflow, build a high-quality service system
D implementation of the full costing, to establish a cost-controlled economic system, and to establish a cost-control system, and to improve the quality of service. Establish an economic operation system centered on cost control
13. Minister of Health Gao Qiang pointed out that: to establish a basic health care system for urban and rural residents in China with fair access to basic health care, so that every resident can enjoy basic public **** health and medical services. This requires that the leading role of the government be brought into full play (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Carefully formulate health development plans
B Vigorously adjust the structure of financial expenditures
C Increase the government's investment in health year by year
D Set up a stable mechanism for guaranteeing funding
14. The organization of the rural public ****health service system and the way of investment Problems in (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A The public **** health service system itself is fragmented
B The public **** health service system lacks overall coordination
C Clinical medical care and preventive health care are separated
D The current method of investing in rural public **** health services is inefficient
15. The main problems in financing the public **** health services are (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
D Establishing a stable funding guarantee mechanism
15. The main problems in financing are (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Insufficient government investment
B The public health service system is forced to generate income
C Wide regional disparities
D Unreasonable structure, emphasizing hardware over software
16. What are the main aspects in which the medical reform in Hubei Province has achieved stage-by-stage results (ABD)? ) (Multiple Choice )
A medical reform work in full swing
B through efforts, some of the annual work of the medical reform task has been completed
C the work force and measures to further increase
D to promote the work of the medical reform of the good environment is initially formed
17. China's drug regulatory outstanding problems are (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A drug safety awareness needs to be strengthened
B drug regulatory system is not perfect
C China's drug regulatory efforts need to be strengthened
D drug regulatory team is still young
18. medical informatization at the specific operational level, the following aspects should be focused on solving the problem (ABC ) (Multiple Choice )
A from the national level to Opinions of the Central Government and the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Medical System" as a guideline, the national medical and health information model should be introduced as soon as possible
B introduction of standards for medical data exchange
C construction of a universal health informatization guarantee system with the e-health record as the core, the life cycle as the main line, the data center as the carrier, and the local municipal level as the unit
D the necessity of Ensure that every health care recipient has a unique health protection card number
19. Minister of Health Gao Qiang pointed out that: a basic health care system with fair access has been established for China's urban and rural residents, so that every resident can enjoy basic public **** health and medical services. This requires that the leading role of the government be brought into full play (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Carefully formulating health development planning
B Vigorously adjusting the structure of financial expenditure
C Increasing government investment in health year by year
D Establishing a stable mechanism of funding security
20. Countermeasures to improve the management system of China's public hospitals include (CD) (Multiple Choice )
A Complete withdrawal of the government from the field of medical services
B Reform of the hospital management system
C Active transformation of government functions and establishment of a new type of supervisory relationship with public hospitals
D Adjustment of the proportion of public hospitals in the current medical service system, and formation of a diversified body of competition
21. Establishment of the basic medical health care system to cover urban and rural residents is a long-term task. The establishment of a basic medical and health care system covering urban and rural residents is a long-term task, a heavy load and a long way to go, and it must
adhere to the combination of near and far, starting from the basic and grassroots levels, and in the near future focusing on (ABCD ) (multiple choice )
A basic medical security system
B national basic drug system
C primary medical and health care system
D basic public health care services
D equalization of public services and public hospital reforms service equalization and pilot reform of public hospitals
22. The basic principles of reforming the price formation mechanism for drugs and medical services are (ABCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Adhere to the combination of government regulation and market adjustment
B Encourage research and development and innovation with the use of essential drugs and appropriate technology
C Promote the continuous improvement of product quality and service levels by enterprises and medical institutions
C Promote the continuous improvement of product quality
DPharmaceutical price reform and medical and health system reform to coordinate the promotion of
23. In the inspection of manufacturing enterprises, you can focus on the following aspects to strengthen the supervision (BCD) (Multiple Choice )
A Improve laws and regulations, and increase the efforts to promote the law
B Help enterprises to good raw material procurement, to ensure that the use of qualified raw materials and auxiliary materials to put into operation
CGMP certification in accordance with the law, and strengthen the supervision of the production process
DStrengthen the training of enterprise personnel, and strict control of pharmaceutical products
24. China's ( ) basic national conditions, determining the deepening of the reform of the medical and health system is a very complex and arduous task, a gradual process (ABCD)
A large population
B low per capita income level
B Low level of per capita income
C Wide disparity between urban and rural areas and regions
D Long-term in the primary stage of socialism
25. In response to the current situation of unsound compensation mechanism for public hospitals, the following aspects should be addressed (BCD ) (Multiple Choice )
A Strengthening of macro-controls and drug management
B Reform of the current budgetary subsidy method. Give full play to the role of the national macro-control mechanism
C The government should simplify and decentralize the government, and gradually make the pricing of medical and health service charges in line with the market economic system
D Give full play to the state's supervision and regulation functions, and control the growth of drug revenues
26 Characteristics of the reform of pharmaceutical and health care system (AC ) (Multiple Choice )
A Wide range of coverage
B Expensive
C Complexity
D Strong policy
Four, fill in the blanks
1. Establish and improve the system of emergency response to public **** health emergencies, improve the ability to respond to public **** health emergencies. (Fill in the blanks )
2. At present, the government's health inputs are mainly government budgetary allocations and special funds. (Fill in the blanks )
3. The new health care reform program states that a unified health record for residents will be gradually established nationwide starting in 2009. (fill in the blank )
4. On February 23, 2010, the Ministry of Health and five other ministries jointly issued the "Guidelines on Pilot Reform of Public Hospitals," selecting (16) cities as pilot areas for public hospital reform under the guidance of the state contact. (fill in the blank )
5. The problem of equity and accessibility of medical and health services in China is seriously reflected in the "difficult and expensive to see a doctor". (fill in the blank )
6. China's rural health investment is characterized by three main aspects: (rural health investment) is much lower than the city, (rural health investment funds) more from individual farmers, and the slow growth of government investment is mainly used to maintain the operation of institutions. (fill in the blank )
7. The establishment of the national basic system of medicine is to curb the inflated prices of medicines and to maintain the (public welfare) of drug production.
8. Broadly speaking, subsidized medical insurance includes (commercial health insurance) in addition to corporate supplementary medical insurance and so on.
9. Basic medical services by the (government), (society), and (individual) three reasonable sharing of costs. (Fill in the blank )
10. The new healthcare reform program states that a unified residents' (health) file will be gradually established nationwide starting in 2009. (Fill in the blank )
11. On February 23, 2010, the Ministry of Health and five other ministries and commissions jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Pilot Reform of Public Hospitals, selecting (16) cities as pilot areas for public hospital reforms under the guidance of the State Contact. (fill in the blanks )
12. The problem of equity and accessibility of medical and health services in China is seriously reflected in the "difficult and expensive to see a doctor". (Fill in the blanks )
13. China's rural health investment is characterized by three main aspects: (rural health investment) is much lower than the city, (rural health investment funds) more from individual farmers, and the government's investment in the slow growth of the main to maintain institutional operations. (fill in the blank )
14. In the health care reform program, the government has clearly and unambiguously given the responsibility for the advancement of medical technology to the (medical and health care)
15. In March 2009, the State Council issued a report on the reform of the medical and health system of the near future, which puts forward to actively and steadily promote the reform of the medical and health system and safeguard measures focus on strengthening the organization and leadership. (Fill in the blank )
16. In order to promote the comprehensive reform of the grass-roots medicine and health system, in accordance with our government's time schedule for the implementation of the national system of essential medicines, the development of each provincial level subsidies in lieu of awards, plans to reform the medical and health system around the five aspects of the organizational construction, (system design), the progress of the work, (communication), the degree of innovation and other aspects of the assessment, and based on the work carried out in various parts of the country be subsidized. (fill in the blank )
17. On April 6, 2009, the Opinions of the Central Government and State Council on the Reform of the Medical and Health System of China*** pointed out that a government-led multi-dimensional health investment mechanism should be established. (Fill in the blank )
18. Broadly speaking, subsidized medical insurance includes (commercial health insurance) in addition to enterprise supplementary medical insurance and so on.
19. A public ****health system is a collection of all the elements whose main purpose is to (protect and promote the health of the population). (Fill in the blank )
20. The new healthcare reform opinion requires that urban and rural primary healthcare organizations should be fully equipped with and use (essential medicines).
21. The reform of the medical and health system must be (based on national conditions), all from the practical point of view, and adhere to the correct principles of reform. (Fill in the blank )
V. Questions and Answers
1. How to change the operation mechanism of primary health care institutions? (Short Answer )
Primary medical and health care institutions should use appropriate technology, appropriate equipment and basic medicines, vigorously promote traditional Chinese medicine, including ethnomedicine, and provide urban and rural residents with safe, effective and low-cost services. Township health centers should change the mode of service, organize medical personnel to carry out medical tours in the countryside; urban community health service centers and service stations should implement door-to-door service for patients with mobility disabilities, active service. Localities are encouraged to formulate standards for hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, carry out pilot projects for community first-aid systems, and establish a two-way referral system between primary medical institutions and higher-level hospitals. The employment system has been fully implemented, and a human resources management system has been established that allows for entry and exit. Improve the income distribution system, and establish an assessment and incentive system based on the quality and quantity of services, and on job responsibility and performance.
2. Effectively do a good job of grass-roots medicine and health system reform of financial security, how to rationally approve income and expenditure to ensure normal operation? (Short answer )
One is the scientific approval of income; second is the reasonable approval of expenditure; third is the strict performance appraisal; fourth is the management of two lines of income and expenditure; and fifth is to ensure that the funds for retired personnel.
3. In view of the current situation of China's health care system, what are at least four important roles that the government should play? (Short answer )
To act as an insurer and establish a universally covered medical insurance system; to act as a purchaser and restrain the cost of medical services; to act as a planner and establish a sound primary health care system; and to act as a regulator and curb the market failure in medical services.
4. Effectively do a good job of primary medical and health system reform of financial security, how to rationalize the approval of income and expenditure to ensure normal operation? (Short answer )
One is the scientific approval of income; second is the reasonable approval of expenditure; third is the strict performance appraisal; fourth is the management of the two lines of income and expenditure; fifth is to ensure that the funds for retired personnel.
5. What are the basic principles for establishing a public **** health system? (Short answer )
(1) adhere to the principle of public **** health and the level of economic and social development.
(2) The principle of balancing equity and efficiency.
(3) The principle of combining short-term and long-term goals.
(4) The principle of combining unity and independence.
6. What are the main aspects of the content of the government's social control? (Short answer )
One is the control of entry and exit of the medical service market;
Two is the competitive behavior;
Three is the organization of the market;
Four is the treatment of the practitioners;
Five is the quantity of the medical services;
Six is the control of the medical services and quality.
7. What are the principles and directions of the reform of the medical and health system? (Short Answer )
(1) Adhere to the people-oriented, put the maintenance of the people's health rights and interests in the first place;
(2) adhere to the national conditions, the establishment of medical and health system with Chinese characteristics;
(3) adhere to the unity of fairness and efficiency, the government-led and the play the role of the market mechanism;
(4) adhere to the overall coordination and take into account the solution of the current outstanding problems and improve the system combined. The government is also working to improve the system.
8. What are the financing models for government-run non-profit hospitals? (Short answer )
(1) government financial subsidies;
(2) hospitals' own capital accumulation;
(3) introduction of social capital to transform the monopoly of public hospitals;
(4) various forms of bank loans;
(5) project financing;
(6) attracting charitable donations;
(7) Exploring free bond issues;
(8) Trying to set up a medical welfare lottery;
9. What are the problems in accelerating the construction of China's public ****health service system at this stage? (Short answer )
(1) The problem of understanding about the construction of the public **** health service system. (2) Problems about resource input for the construction and operation of the public **** health service system. (3) On improving the ability to cope with public **** health emergencies. (4) Unbalanced allocation of government resources for public **** health. (5) Inefficiency of public **** health services. (6) The lack of governmental supervision function on public **** health services. (7) On the construction of professional and technical personnel for public **** health at the grassroots level.