1. Planning period and urban planning area
1, planning period
Recent period: 200 1 ~ 20 10 years;
Long term: 2011~ 2020;
2. Scope of urban planning area
(1) Urban system planning scope: it is the administrative area of Hangzhou, including the urban area of Hangzhou and five counties (cities) such as Fuyang, Lin 'an, Tonglu, Jiande and Chun 'an, with a total area of 16596 square kilometers.
(2) The scope of urban planning area: including the administrative jurisdiction and water source protection area of Hangzhou urban area, including Shangcheng District, Xiacheng District, Gongshu, West Lake, Jianggan, Binjiang, Xiaoshan and Yuhang, with an area of 3,068 square kilometers; The water source protection area involves some Linjiang areas in Fuyang City, covering an area of 54 square kilometers; The total area is 3 122 square kilometers.
Second, the nature and development goals of the city
1, urban nature
Zhejiang is the capital of Zhejiang Province, the center of economy, culture, science and education, one of the central cities in the Yangtze River Delta, a national historical and cultural city and an important scenic tourist city.
2. Urban development goals
After 20 years of efforts, the main indicators of economic and social development have reached or approached the level of developed countries. Give further play to Hangzhou's role as an important central city in the Yangtze River Delta with Shanghai as the leader and the political, economic, cultural, scientific and educational center of the whole province, strengthen scientific and technological innovation and the comprehensive service function of the central city, and gradually build Hangzhou into a modern city with economic prosperity, social harmony, perfect facilities, good ecology and local characteristics.
Three-city system
1. Strategic goal: to form an open, efficient, orderly, coordinated and sustainable competitive urban system with central cities as the core, counties (cities) as the support, central towns as the backbone and general towns as the foundation.
2. Population and urbanization level: The existing registered population in the city (in 2005, the same below) is 6,604,500, which will reach 7 1.5 million and 8.2 million in the near and long term respectively; At present, the resident population is 7.507 million, with the short-term and long-term population reaching 8 1.5 million and 9.3 million respectively. At present, the urbanization level is 62. 1%, and it will reach 70% and 84% in the near and long term respectively.
3. Urban hierarchical functional structure: within the city, it is divided into four levels, namely, urban central city (1)- county (city) central town (5)- local central town or urban agglomeration (18)- general established town (60).
4. Urban spatial layout structure: the urban layout structure of "one heart and two circles, three axes and two links, one ring and many points" is formed in the city.
5. Infrastructure, social facilities and ecological environment protection: strengthen the construction and layout coordination of urban infrastructure such as transportation, water supply, sewage, electricity and telecommunications, and form an infrastructure network with reasonable layout and perfect facilities; To adapt to the requirements of urban layout planning, establish a system of urban and rural social facilities with reasonable layout, full use and efficient service; Strengthen ecological construction and environmental protection, and attach great importance to the protection of historical and cultural heritage and natural scenic resources.
Four city size and layout structure
1, city size
(1) Population size: At present, the resident population in the urban area is 5.3 million, and the short-term and long-term population will be controlled at 5.7 million and 6.5 million respectively; The existing registered population in cities and towns is 4,095,200, and the short-term and long-term population are controlled at 4.5 million and 5.3 million respectively; The existing urban population in the urban area is 310.3 million, and the short-term and long-term population are controlled at 3.62 million and 4.45 million respectively, including 2.93 million in the central city, 3.36 million and 4.05 million in the short-term and long-term respectively.
(2) Land use scale: the current situation of the central city is 256.53 square kilometers, and the short-term and long-term are controlled within 305 square kilometers and 370 square kilometers respectively; The short-term and long-term of the six major groups are controlled within 22.98 square kilometers and 30.98 square kilometers respectively.
2. Urban layout structure
(1) Urban development direction: the city will expand eastward, and the tourism will go west, along the river and across the river. Implement the urban spatial development strategy of "expanding to the south, transferring to the north, expanding to the east and upgrading to the west", and form a pattern of "moving eastward, being quiet in the west, being new in the south, being north America and flourishing in the west".
(2) Urban layout form: from the block layout with the old city as the core to the networked group layout with Qiantang River as the axis. The expansion mode of combining point and axis is adopted, and the necessary green ecological open space is reserved between groups, forming an open space structure mode of "one main group, three pairs, two centers and two axes, six groups and six ecological zones".
(3) Group function and land use function organization
● Central urban area: that is, one master and three deputies, consisting of the main urban area, Jiangnan urban area, Linping urban area and Xiasha urban area. Gradually form the main areas that reflect the image of Hangzhou.
① Main urban area: It consists of Shangcheng District, Xiacheng District, Xihu District, Gongshu District and the western part of Jianggan District, and is the political, economic, scientific, technological, educational, information and cultural center and tourist center of the whole province; ② Jiangnan City: It is composed of Binjiang District, Xiaoshan District and Linjiang District in the south of the Yangtze River. It is a modern science and technology city and a prospective commercial center with high-tech industrial parks as the backbone and coordinated development of Industry-University-Research. ③ Linping City: composed of Linping City and Yunhe Town, it is a comprehensive industrial city with modern urban processing and manufacturing industries as the mainstay. ④ Xiasha City: a comprehensive new city consisting of Xiasha, Jiubao and Qiaosi, with Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and Higher Education Park as the backbone.
● Six groups: divided into two groups: North and South, with Tangqi, Liangzhu and Yuhang groups in the north and Peng Yi, Guali and Linpu groups in the south. ① Tangqi Group: it is a provincial historical and cultural protection zone, a leisure and sightseeing base in the north of the city, a supporting service base of Yuhang Economic Development Zone (Linping Industrial Zone) and Qianjiang Economic Development Zone. The east is residential and the west is industrial.
② Liangzhu Group: It is a cultural and leisure tourism base with Liangzhu culture and ecological agriculture as the theme in the northwest of the city. Strictly protect Liangzhu cultural sites and reasonably control the population and the scale of construction land.
③ Yuhang Group: it is a suburban residential area and a higher education research base in the west of the city.
④ Peng Yi Group: it is a large-scale comprehensive industrial development base in the east of the city.
⑤ Guali Group: It is a comprehensive industrial zone and a regional logistics center in the southeast of the city, focusing on port industry, textile industry and garment processing. ⑥ Linpu Group: it is the main base for developing high-tech industries in the south of the city in the future. The north is a residential area and the south is a high-tech park. The planned urban population is 40,000.
● Six ecological zones: between groups, between groups and the central city, natural mountains, water bodies and green spaces (farmland) are used to form green open spaces, and ecologically sensitive zones are delineated to avoid the impact of the development of contiguous cities on ecology, landscape and the overall environmental level of the city. Planning and building six green ecological open spaces;
(1) Lingshan, Longwu and Wuchao Mountain Scenic Area-West Lake Scenic Area;
Jingshan Scenic Area-flood detention area of Nanbei Lake-Xianlin and Xixi Wetland Scenic Area;
③ Chaoshan Scenic Area-Mid-Levels, Gaoting Mountain and Yellow Crane Mountain Scenic Area-Pengbu Traffic Ecological Corridor;
④ Stone Niu Shan Scenic Area-Hu Xiang Tourist Resort;
⑤ Qinghuashan Scenic Area-Wuhangshan-Xinjie Greening Industrial Zone (large nursery stock base);
⑥ The coastal wetland protection area of Qiantang River in the east-ecological agriculture area.
● Double-heart and double-axis: Double-heart is the lakeside and Wulin Square area-tourism business and cultural service center; Linjiang area-a new city center consisting of Qianjiang New City on the north bank and Qianjiang Century City on the south bank.
The double axis is the urban ecological axis with Qiantang River as the axis in the east-west direction; North-South urban development axis, with the main urban area-Jiangnan urban area as the axis. (Source: Municipal Planning Bureau)
Green space system in five major cities
1. Ecological landscape green space: Based on Hangzhou's natural ecological environment, an urban ecological basic grid of "mountains, lakes, cities, rivers, fields, seas and rivers" will be established, with emphasis on the construction of "four parks (forest parks in the suburbs), multiple districts (water source protection areas, wetland protection areas and scenic spots) and multiple corridors (waterfront green corridors and transportation)
2. Urban Green Space: With the goal of creating an international scenic tourist city and an ecological city, we attach great importance to urban greening construction, actively implement green belts along the river, along the river and along the road, rationally and evenly allocate park green spaces at all levels, build green spaces attached to residential areas, factories and schools, vigorously develop vertical greening and roof greening, pay attention to plant ecological benefits and landscape benefits, and give full play to the role of urban green space in avoiding disasters and reducing disasters. Efforts will be made to improve the urban green coverage rate and form an urban green space system that integrates mountains, water, forests, gardens and cities, and combines points, lines and areas.
(1) Main urban area: focus on the construction of municipal parks such as Chengbei Sports Park, Chengxi Park, Urban New Center Park, Canal Park, Xitanghe Park and Taimiao Ruins Park, and improve the construction of supporting green space in residential areas, gradually reaching a radius of 500 meters and seeing green space of not less than 2,000 square meters.
(2) Cities in the south of the Yangtze River: Xiaoshan focuses on two municipal parks, namely, Beigan Mountain and Xishan Park, with roads and waterfront green spaces as the framework. In Linjiang area, two large municipal parks, Qiantang Riverside Park and Xixingqiao Qiaotou Park, will be built, and Jiangnan Central Park, Century Park and other municipal parks will be set up in the commercial center of Yuan Jing. Binjiang District will build a municipal park, Binjiang Central Park, with the green belt along the river and the green belts on both sides of urban main roads as the main greening framework. Combined with the construction of district center, green square and district-level central park will be built; Combined with the planning and construction of residential areas, the park green space at all levels should be rationally allocated.
(3) Linping City: With the three municipal parks of Linping Mountain Park, Linping Chengbei Park and Canal Belt Park as the focus, with the green belt along the river as the framework, combined with the construction of city central square, residential area and industrial area, the park green space at all levels will be allocated in a balanced way.
(4) Xiashacheng: Green belts with a total width of 300 meters are reserved on both sides of the ring road, and urban green spaces are set up. Open up a green belt with a width of 100 meters along the river, build two municipal parks, Xiasha Qiaotou Park and Jiubao Central Park, build district-level parks in combination with the square, and rationally allocate park green spaces at all levels in combination with the construction of residential areas and higher education parks.
(5) Peripheral groups: each group will build a park with an area of 5 ~ 65438+ 10,000 square meters, and organize the green space system reasonably. Among them, Tangqi focuses on the green belts on both sides of the canal; Liangzhu focuses on Liangzhu National Heritage Park; Yuhang makes full use of natural mountains and rivers and historical and cultural relics; Peng Yi focuses on the construction of central parks and squares with the framework of riverside and road green space; Guali built a park centered on Wu Hang; Linpu focuses on puyang river and natural mountains.
Layout of construction land in major cities
1, residential land layout and housing construction
The construction of the new district adheres to the development in pieces, and the renewal of the old city pays attention to improving the structure and supporting facilities, improving the living quality, focusing on building houses for low-and middle-income families, and establishing various forms of housing supply security systems such as commercial housing, affordable housing and low-rent housing. Attach importance to the construction of housing for the elderly and speed up the transformation of "villages in cities".
Main urban area: five residential areas in the east, south, west and north are set up in the urban area, and the eastern and northern residential areas are mainly developed.
Jiangnan City: It mainly forms three residential areas, namely Chengxiang, Chengbei and Binjiang, with 12 residential areas.
Linping City: There are mainly three residential areas: Linping, Canal and Xingqiao, with residential area 10.
Xiashacheng: It is mainly arranged as a residential area supporting the industrial zone and the higher education park, forming two residential areas in the east and west, with a living area of 10.
2. Land for public facilities
(1) public center: a multi-level, multi-center, diversified and networked urban public center system with two municipal centers as the main body, three sub-centers and fourteen regional (urban agglomeration) centers as the backbone, residential centers as the foundation and community outlets as the supplement.
(1) Municipal Public Center:
● Transform Yan 'an Road and the area near the lake-tourist business center: west of Zhonghe Road, south of Huancheng North Road, north of Hefang Street and east of West Lake, and undertake the functions of commerce, tourism service, culture and leisure.
● Newly-built new city center-Central Business District: the riverside area between Xixing Bridge and Qianjiang Second Bridge, which undertakes functions such as administrative office, finance and trade, conference and exhibition, culture and entertainment, and tourism services. , is a regional business center. The land for the commercial center of Qiantang River south bank city vision is reserved, and priority is given to control in the near future.
② Municipal sub-centers: relieve the capacity of municipal public centers and extend their service functions. Further improve the Xinlu area of Xiaoshan City and the downtown area of Linping, and build sub-centers such as the downtown area of Xiasha City.
③ Regional and Urban Agglomeration Centers: Focus on the construction of regional centers such as Chengzhan District, East Railway Station District, Jiangbin No.5 Block, Maiyu Bridge-Daguan-Chen Gong Bridge, Middle Binsheng Road, East Chun Qing Road, West Wensan Road and Sandun, as well as Tangqi, Liangzhu, Yuhang, Linpu, Guali and Peng Yi Group Centers.
④ Residential center: Combining the development of new district and the renewal of old city, improve the supporting facilities of residential center, fully guarantee the coverage of public service facilities, and maximize the convenience of residents' daily needs.
(2) Culture, education and health: optimize the structure, balance the layout, highlight key points, and establish a network of cultural and sports facilities. Arrange educational facilities reasonably, adjust the structure, optimize the allocation, and establish a reasonable higher education system. Establish a medical and health system. Strengthen the construction of sports facilities and improve sports centers.
(3) Characteristic commercial street: interact with tourism development and build a characteristic commercial street integrating shopping, tourism, leisure and culture.
3. Industrial land
(1) Main city: develop pollution-free high-tech industries and urban industries appropriately.
(2) Jiangnan City: develop electronics, information industry and software industry with high-tech industry as the main industry; Appropriate development of light industry and machinery industry; (3) Linping City: Relying on Yuhang Economic Development Zone and Hangzhou Qianjiang Economic Development Zone, it will form a large-scale comprehensive industrial base.
(4) Xiashacheng: relying on Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and existing industrial land, a large-scale comprehensive industrial base and high value-added industries will be formed.
(5) Peng Yi Group: relying on Hangzhou Jiangdong Industrial Park and Hangzhou Xiaoshan Linjiang Industrial Park to develop a modern comprehensive industrial base.
(6) Guali Group: With Guali Town as the center, it will develop a comprehensive industrial zone focusing on port industry, textile industry and garment processing industry.
(7) Linpu Group: take Linpu Town as the center, as the development space of the city's future high-tech industry.
(8) Tangqi, Liangzhu and Yuhang group: mainly arrange supporting industrial land to solve the balance between occupation and residence of the group.
(9) Township industry: integrate and merge the township and district-level industrial zones that have been explicitly cancelled, and promote their agglomeration to characteristic industrial zones, key cultivation development zones and industrial functional zones.
4. Land for warehousing and logistics
Social storage facilities are developing in the direction of logistics center, and their land is combined with external transportation facilities, such as railway freight yards, highways, national highways, provincial highways, ports and docks, industrial zones, etc.
(1) Logistics Center: The water-land hub logistics center is located in the northern area of Gouzhuang, Kangqiao and Linping; The land hub logistics center is located in the south of Linping City; Airport Logistics Center is located in the west of Guali Group; Other logistics centers are located in urban fringe areas such as Jiubao, Linpu, Zhuantang and Qiaosi.
(2) Warehousing land: the transit warehouse is mainly arranged in the west of Genshanmen Station, the west of Baitianfan Station, around xie cun and North Station, east of Xiaoshan Station and north of Linping Station; The marine dangerous goods warehouse area is located in the north of the ring road and east of the canal;
5. Development and utilization of underground space
The development and utilization of underground space take Binhu and Wulin Square as the central area, the east-west and north-south traffic trunk lines as the axes, and connect with other sub-centers of the city, forming an underground space network with "two centers, two axes and twelve key development and utilization areas".
Seven. urban environmental protection
Ecological environment protection: Strengthen the ecological protection in the northwest mountainous area of Yuhang District, the hilly mountainous area in the south of Xiaoshan District and the western mountainous area of Xihu District, and strengthen the protection of centralized drinking water source protection areas, wetlands and scenic spots.
Comprehensive improvement of water environment: ensure that the water quality of urban water sources reaches the standard, strengthen the treatment of key pollution sources and centralized treatment of urban sewage, rationally use the environmental capacity of Qiantang River, introduce environmental water into the inland river of the main city, and achieve the planned water quality objectives in all water functional areas.
Comprehensive improvement of air environment: adjust the energy structure, actively develop clean energy such as electricity and natural gas, reduce coal consumption and popularize clean coal technology. Improve the gasification rate of urban gas, develop central heating, purify the flue gas of power plants, and prevent and control the pollution of waste gas and automobile exhaust during production. Improve the green coverage rate, accelerate the construction of urban ecosystem, and further improve the quality of air environment.
Comprehensive improvement of acoustic environment: speed up the construction of roads, expressways and rail transit around the city, transform the urban road network, improve the road surface condition, strengthen traffic management, strictly implement the regulations on banning horns in urban areas, and reduce traffic noise; Reduce the noise of life and construction; Accelerate the construction of noise standard areas.
Solid waste management and comprehensive utilization: implement industrial and medical solid waste disposal projects and accelerate the construction of urban environmental sanitation facilities. Pollution source control and treatment: pay attention to the quality supervision of radiation environment and the prevention and control of electromagnetic pollution of various RF transmitters.
Comprehensive transportation in eight major cities
1. Urban public transportation: Give prominence to the priority of public transportation in urban transportation, and form a modern public transportation system based on rail transit and ground rapid public transportation, with conventional public transportation (electric vehicles) as the basis and other public transportation modes as the supplement.
2. Urban road traffic: speed up the construction of road traffic, improve the urban road network, give priority to the development of public transportation and carry out intelligent transportation. Form a comprehensive transportation network system. Urban road network system based on grid, loop and radiation, with expressway as the main skeleton and primary and secondary trunk roads. The urban expressway consisting of one ring, three vertical lines and five horizontal lines connects all groups in the city.
3. External traffic
(1) Railway: The railway marshalling station is set as "one main station and one auxiliary station", and the passenger hub consists of hangzhou east railway station, Hangzhou Station and Hangzhou South Station (Xiaoshan Station). The new Zhejiang-Jiangxi line starts from the south of Wangjiangmen, crosses the Qiantang River and the green belt on the north side of Beitang River, and goes out to Hangzhou South Station. It is planned to introduce Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo high-speed passenger dedicated line, Ning Hang intercity train and Shanghai-Hangzhou maglev train into hangzhou east railway station, and choose the river-crossing channel near the Second Qianjiang Bridge.
(2) Highway: strengthen the city's external traffic and complete the ring road and seventeen external highways.
(3) Waterway: build a backbone shipping network of "one port, five lines and four branches", upgrade the navigation capacity of Qiantang River to level 4, transform the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, and plan to build the second channel of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in Jiubao East.
(4) Aviation: Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport is a domestic trunk airport and an international scheduled flight airport.
Infrastructure in nine cities
1. water supply project: protect and rationally use water resources, build water supply system, and actively promote the integration of urban and rural water supply.
2. Sewage project: strengthen the treatment of key pollution sources, build a sound urban sewage collection, transportation, treatment and discharge system, and implement the discharge of water pollutants up to standard and total amount control. Actively promote the reuse of sewage, strengthen the comprehensive improvement of water bodies, and achieve the specified water quality goals.
3. River regulation and rainwater engineering: River regulation shall be carried out according to the principles of "sewage interception, dredging, revetment, water diversion, beautification and management", so as to form a rainwater drainage system, improve the disaster resistance of urban drainage, make river regulation reach the specified standards and become a green corridor of the city.
4. Energy engineering: building a modern power grid. Optimize the gas source structure, form a city gas system dominated by natural gas, speed up the pipeline of gas supply, and improve the gas transmission, distribution, storage and supply and service guarantee system.
5. Posts and telecommunications, radio and television projects: building urban information and communication facilities and building a communication network system covering the whole city; Improve the postal transportation and mail handling capacity, improve and optimize the postal outlets in the built-up area; High-standard reconstruction and construction of cable radio and television network.
6. Environmental sanitation facilities: reduction, recycling and harmlessness of municipal solid waste.
Disaster prevention in top ten cities
1. flood control: follow the principle of "overall planning, overall consideration, emphasizing comprehensive benefits and phased implementation", build standard flood levees and water conservancy facilities in the river basin, improve the level of urban flood control and disaster resistance, and reach national standards.
2. Earthquake prevention: implement the policy of "prevention first, combining prevention with rescue", strengthen the overall efficiency of urban earthquake monitoring and prediction and engineering construction, and gradually improve the comprehensive earthquake prevention ability and emergency rescue ability of the city.
3. Fire-fighting: Implement the fire-fighting policy of "prevention first, combining prevention with elimination", make overall arrangements, facilitate production, ensure safety, and give full play to the emergency rescue role of urban fire fighting. Combine key protection with balanced layout, and set up isolation belts according to regulations to avoid major accidents spreading to neighboring neighbors.
4. Civil air defense: Civil air defense construction implements the policy of "long-term preparation, key construction and combination of peacetime and wartime", comprehensively improves the overall protection capacity of the city, adheres to the principle of unified planning, piecemeal implementation and combination of distance and distance, and gives full play to the combat readiness, social, economic and environmental benefits of civil air defense projects. Establish protective engineering system, alarm system, professional team system and effective crowd evacuation system.
5. Prevention and control of geological disasters: In areas prone to geological disasters, we should conscientiously implement the policy of "putting prevention first and combining prevention with control" and formulate corresponding prevention measures and prevention plans to minimize the losses caused by geological disasters.
Eleventh city landscape
Maintain the urban pattern of "three sides of Yunshan and one side of the city, half scenery and half city, and the combination of scenery and city" to create a new urban landscape on both sides of Qiantang River. With the main rivers and roads as the skeleton, five landscape areas, several landscape belts and five landscape points will be built to form a complete urban landscape system. Strengthen the design of city image and improve the city taste.
Twelve scenic tourism, West Lake protection
Taking "three rivers, four lakes, one mountain, one river, one stream and three sites" as the axis, we will carefully create "three scenes" and comprehensively build five major tourist areas: West Lake, Liangzhu, Qiantang River, Qiandao Lake and Zhijiang National Tourism Resort. At the same time, protect the harmonious and beautiful landscape features around the West Lake. Strictly control the building height near the scenic spot, and the building volume, shape and color should be coordinated with the scenic spot.
Evaluation: Hangzhou is a special provincial capital city, with a small urban population and excessive dependence on economic development. Tourism is a pillar industry, and the proportion of foreign population to the total resident population is quite high.
The local commercial center in Hangzhou is too concentrated. Apart from maintaining the activity of the original commercial center, the second commercial center is not considered.
In my opinion, Hangzhou can accommodate at least two commercial centers, but it depends on the government's foresight and strong determination. The current market rules, without the later impetus, cannot stabilize the current momentum.
The planned Qianjiang New City will be the CBD center of Hangzhou in the future, but I don't agree that the real estate industry should take the lead. What is the most important thing in rational planning? If there is a core, go to the core project first, then configure various functions, and then go to large-scale commercial and residential projects. It may be too late to say this now.
Hangzhou should face up to the future, stop being stingy and just look at the present. What is protected should be completely protected, and what is changed should be resolutely implemented.