Lesson 1: Literacy 2 Let me educate you on literacy: "If you want to use projects to give big money to officials, that's enough." If you really do this, 99% of the time there are only two possibilities. One is to throw the money into the water. Yes, the second is that the officials will not accept them even if they live or die. If you want to do a project, it's not enough to give money. Don't listen to the news about a corrupt official who took millions and gave a project worth hundreds of millions to a certain contractor. Those corrupt officials are stupid and deserve to be killed. In the past, the system was not so standardized, but that does not mean that there is no need for bidding. As an official, the project is given to someone, and if someone catches it, it would be strange if the Discipline Inspection Commission, Procuratorate, and Auditor do not investigate it to death. Only a ghost can believe that there is nothing wrong with it. , even if some people want to keep it, they can’t. Therefore, under normal circumstances, projects are now subject to bidding. There are regulations. Corrupt officials with a clear mind understand that they will not cross this red line. Therefore, smart contractors do not give away money before bidding. At most, they treat them to a meal and give some small gifts to show their appreciation, to connect with each other, and to make them look familiar. Who said that the contractor's money is not money, the money should be used for On the edge of the knife, you must maximize the efficiency of your funds. This is a truth that even a three-year-old child understands. I once heard that some powerful officials would collect money from any contractor before bidding. When the bid is won, they would only take the winning share and return everything else. How wise! Although the money is less, you can keep your black hat, so are you still worried about running out of money? But there is no such good thing now, and the contractor is not stupid. He will not throw money into the water for nothing. Summary: Government projects require bidding, and officials do not dare to blatantly designate you to do the project, so if you win the bid, don't spend a lot of money easily. Lecture 2: Winning the Bid (1) To get a project, you must first win the bid. To win the bid, you must first bid. To bid, you must sign up. Although there is so much nonsense, there is knowledge in every link. So the main content here is registration. There is also knowledge involved in signing up, you are stupid! Usually when a project is invited to bid, a bidding announcement will be issued, what! ! If you didn't see the announcement, then we have nothing to say. Some large projects will be advertised in newspapers, but for most announcements you have to go to the Construction Engineering Trading Center to learn about them. The local trading center has a website. If you don’t know how to use the Internet, you can just recruit a college student who can use the Internet, even if you have a master’s or Ph.D. Can. Then pay careful attention to the bidding requirements. The key point is to look at the qualifications of the bidding construction company. What! We still need to start a construction company, but our company is not ready yet! By the time you set up a company, the day lilies will be cold. If this project requires first-level qualifications, no matter how strong your company is, it would be great to be able to reach first-level qualifications in ten or eight years. What to do? Let’s take a temporary job! To bid, you must first have legal person qualifications, not natural persons. Our small contractor has not opened a company, so we can only work on a temporary basis. If we need a third-level qualification, we will work for a third-level enterprise, and if we need a first-level qualification, we will work for a first-level company. Don't be afraid that people won't give you a job. You have to be willing to spend money. It costs money to get a job, ranging from 10,000 to 50,000 yuan. The fee for a first-class enterprise is naturally higher. After paying the money, we become members of the company, and we bid on behalf of the company. You don't care. I only have two migrant workers, one is our 3-year-old child, and the other is the mother of the child. We will recruit more people when we win. But we still need a project manager, and he must be a project manager with a book and a level. This is troublesome, but if you have money, you may not be able to recruit one. In fact, it is best to take the exam yourself for this project manager. We have to learn some knowledge, and it will be convenient to register in the future. With these, who dares to say that we have not graduated from elementary school, we have complete procedures, and as long as we spend money, we can represent China State Construction Corporation. Summary: In a word, as long as we spend money, we can become a regular contractor. Our contractor is not at the same level as the contractor who decorates your latrine. The project we have done is 5kw, which is not a big deal. Off-topic: Everyone in a construction company can make a good living. They can earn money even if they don’t do anything. The employment fee is relatively small, but we’ll talk about the bigger ones later. The key is to control risks. Construction companies like ours that have to be contractors should still be careful. If there is a lawsuit, people will have to find a construction company. Lecture 3: Winning the Bid (2) After registration, wait for the qualification review, buy the bid document, compile the bidding documents, open the bid, and then win the bid. If you really do this, you will be turned into a contract worker sooner or later. When bidding, the most important thing is to understand your competitors. The qualification review process is the first step in the long journey. Qualification review: Normally, if the owner is the owner, or if the job is done through bidding, we, the contractor, will only be judged. However, in order to win the bid, we must first treat people. The qualification review methods vary from place to place, but the model is similar. After the registration deadline, the materials of all applicants will be reviewed according to the requirements of the bidding announcement, and those who do not meet the requirements will be automatically kicked out.
However, those who sign up will basically meet the requirements, so there will be two situations: one is that the number of registered companies is insufficient. According to the bidding law, the bids cannot be opened for less than 3 companies, or even if there are 4 companies, the owner feels that the number of registered companies is not enough. If it is still less, it is possible to lower the standard and sign up again. Of course, it is more likely that there are too many people signing up. It is normal for thirty or forty companies to sign up. In order to facilitate bid evaluation, the owner will increase the qualification requirements for construction units, such as changing the second level to the first level, and the registered capital from 10 million to 20 million. This will kick out some applicants. As for who is allowed and who is not allowed under the same conditions, no one dares to decide. After all, there are still rules to follow. (There was a local practice in the past. If there were too many applications, the number of bidders would be fixed and the shortlist would be determined by drawing lots. It was just like buying a lottery ticket. Now it has been changed.) With this method of qualification review, we will find a way to open a bid. Think about it, we can't get kicked in the butt at this level. Doesn't the right of qualification review belong to the owners? At this time, we need to deal with the owners, those corrupt officials with power. If there are too many people and you want to cut them down, that’s okay! Then, based on the company where we work as a standard, the following companies will be cut off, as long as we are not cut off. The four bidders thought it was too few, so we told him that we already met the conditions with four bidders. If there were more people, we would be in trouble, so why bother? In short, we will take good care of corrupt officials to ensure that we can be shortlisted and the fewer competitors, the better. So now I understand why the company qualifications for temporary employment should be as high as possible and the money will be more expensive. If it is high, it will be easier to operate. There are fewer competitors now, maybe half the number. What else can be done next? There are two other ways: One way is to go back. Who stipulates that I can only work for one company? I can work for 3 or 5 companies, as long as I am willing to spend money and it is not under the name of our little contractor when I sign up. There is no problem if there are 100 companies, but of course the cost still needs to be considered. In this way, we may control half of the bidding units. It will not be much easier to make bids at this time. As for the ease, we will talk about it in the next course. Another way is the well-known bid rigging: This is suitable when there are few competitors. To put it simply, we and the contractors will unite and play owner-operator together. The budget is 10 million, and our quotation will not be less than 12 million. As for who wins the bid It doesn’t matter, the winning cents are for those who didn’t win the bid. However, we are ambitious contractors, and we will not do anything for a small amount of money. We must get the project done. We can spend money to buy back the quotas of all our competitors. We would rather do other people's bidding documents ourselves. Now we can be happy. I have the final say in the entire bidding. Are we afraid that we will not make any money? As long as you don't go too far, you may not be able to make a fortune. Summary: It is king to reduce competitors as much as possible before bidding. This also requires spending money. Contractors are not vegetarians. It is normal to spend millions on this link. Do you have the strength? If you don't have the strength, then just follow the rules honestly and hope you don't get cut off during the qualification review. In fact, isn't it a way to make a little money if people spend money to buy your spot? And this method may not work even if it costs money. There are many powerful contractors. Disclaimer: The above methods are serious violations of the law, and you will definitely go to jail if you are caught. We won’t touch this red line in future courses. (This lecture is too harsh, haha) Lecture 4: Winning the Bid (3) Let’s talk about the collusion of bids we talked about. That is a bit too much. If you are found out, you may go to jail. Although it is said that it is difficult to obtain evidence, it is not true after all. God knows things that earth knows. And even if there is no evidence, people will still take advantage of you. As mentioned before, the cost of bidding rigged is very high. To make money, the winning bid must be high. Everyone knows that there must be a problem. If you meet an nb official who you didn't take care of well, let's re-tender. Hehe, we didn't spend so much money in vain. Don't talk about whether this is legal or not, nb officials dare to do it, who makes us feel guilty? If we really go to court, we might even reveal our background. This is true. An unlucky contractor admitted in private that he lost no less than 2 million at a time, and his joints were blocked and he had to find a wall to vomit blood. He deserved it! We are regular contractors, so we do things in a disciplined manner. It's our turn to prepare the bidding documents. This is a real technical job. It can't be done without two brushes. We must hire a more advanced estimator. This money cannot be saved. We can't even calculate the actual cost of the project. If you don’t understand it, it’s still a joke, and finding an experienced estimator would be of great benefit. After all, we don’t know much yet. Let’s first introduce the form of bidding. Our bidding documents are divided into commercial bids and technical bids. As a construction project, the technical bid is the foundation, the commercial bid is the key, and the quotation is the key among the keys. I will not go into details about the other details. , or how to quote.
There are three common methods: winning the bid at the lowest price, winning the bid at the second lowest price, and the comprehensive scoring method. We naturally need to use different strategies for different methods. People who are not familiar with the construction industry may not understand. Naturally, the bid with the lowest price should win the bidding. Why should we use other methods? In fact, there is no other way. Government projects are most susceptible to the lowest price winning bid method. In order to win the bid, everyone works hard to lower the price. It is very common for the price to be lower than the cost. In the end, there are two results: either a shoddy project; and now the quality control is tight. , I didn’t dare to do it, so I had to issue a contact sheet (hehe, the contractor didn’t take it seriously, and the course will have important space in the future). The result was that the 5 million project cost 10 million. Winning at the second lowest price was originally intended to solve the problem of competition to lower the price, but unfortunately the price could not be lower, and people might rather bid for a deposit than do this job. The comprehensive scoring method can solve the problem of price reduction, but in many cases it also loses the meaning of bidding. In fact, there are other bidding methods, but none are perfect, and this is not up to us to discuss. Experts and scholars have spent countless words on it, and it is estimated that they will not come up with a result even if they fight for decades. In fact, I personally think that as long as the owner is responsible and the supervisor performs his duties, the lowest bid winning method is the best way as everyone thinks. But in that case, there is no need to teach it in this class. However, the lowest bid winning bid method is still the most common method, so we will continue to use this as an example. Now that we have a good estimator, we study the bidding documents carefully, participate in the bidding Q&A seriously, compile the technical bid carefully, and the commercial bid seriously as well. The cost plus a reasonable profit becomes the quotation, and then we are confident to participate in the bidding. . Is it really that simple? No! By doing this, we have another chance to get a permanent job. (Depressed, lectures are so fucking tiring. I talked a lot about literacy nonsense earlier, and I found out that I need to literacy again. We won’t do it anymore. Let’s get it out as soon as possible to avoid being called a eunuch.) In a word, the business bid won the quotation. The most commonly used method is the physical quantity bill method. Simply put, the bidding document will give a specific material list, and you are responsible for quoting the unit price and summarizing it. The final project payment will be settled based on the actual project quantity. Let’s proceed from here. As a successful contractor, we have missed a lot of work. The first thing we need to do is find a design unit. When we do a project, we must of course have an in-depth understanding of the specific details of the engineering design, especially whether there are design problems. Real design problems are unlikely to occur. , after all, it has gone through n number of joint trials, in other words, it is a loophole. It’s just a loophole. In fact, we don’t need to find a design company. If people know about it, they won’t fix it early. But what if we find a way to make it into a design company and make it deliberately? As for what loopholes are beneficial to us, we will talk about it later. In fact, there are many benefits to having a good relationship with design. . . . The second is to find the owner, which refers to the specific engineering and technical personnel, the person specifically responsible for the preparation of bidding documents. However, current government departments generally do not have the ability to do this. They basically entrust bidding agencies, so we will find bidding agencies. The purpose is still the same, to find loopholes. If we can't find loopholes, we will spend money to fix them and create loopholes. In fact, preparations for these two things should start when the project is approved. Do you think it is easy to become a successful contractor? With the previous two steps, we can issue the bidding documents. The principle is to keep the quotation as low as possible within the range that we can afford. If we can guarantee a low price, how can we win the bid if it is not low? No matter how low it is, based on the owner's cost forecast, we will definitely lose money. But no matter what, we won the bid! I'm tired today, so I won't talk anymore. In the next class, I'll first explain the issue of whether the bid will be cancelled. Summary of this lesson: Prepare the bidding documents well. The hard work lies outside. At the same time, an experienced estimator will bring you unexpected profits. Lecture 5: Winning the Bid (4) The central content of this lecture is still the bid document 4. It mainly talks about the issue of abandoned bids. Once the bid is abandoned, it means that all our previous efforts have been in vain. We have been kicked out unconditionally. No matter how much you spend in front of us, How much money was paid, how many people were managed, and how low the quotation was, it was all in vain. Every time I pass by the bidding office, I always have the urge to take a look at the conference room inside to see if the walls of the conference room are really dented by the unlucky foreman. Has the big spurt of blood dried up? There are many reasons for canceling bids, but there are only a few common ones, but even veterans will inevitably make stupid mistakes. I am the one with the highest proportion, and I have no shame to say that the bidding document cannot contain or imply the name of the bidding unit. This is basic common sense. Even my brother, the contractor, commits repeated violations. I am really worried about the wall of the conference room! The other is that some of the main materials are not quoted. This is actually a matter of luck. If you can pass the test without quoting, then we will have the final say! The key is to get what you want.
As for whether you can do what you want, this is a matter of knowledge again. There was a senior contractor who failed in a bid. Unwilling to accept it, he looked for someone everywhere. He only said one sentence: "It's not easy to scrap the lowest bid. It's not easy to find fault with him!" Did the contractor succeed in the end? It’s unknown, but it at least illustrates a problem. The bid opening process is also controllable to a certain extent! The question is how to control it? Then you need to find the right way. The owner organizes the bidding, experts review it, and the bidding office supervises it. The common local practice is that in order to avoid suspicion, owners do not have the right to vote during the bid opening process, so the experts have the decision-making power. The experts are randomly selected by the bidding office from an expert pool composed of local senior industry insiders. In order to prevent our contractor from manipulating experts, the list of experts is usually not finalized until the morning of the bid opening day. After the experts arrive at the meeting, their mobile phones are confiscated. But don’t underestimate the power of our contractor. I met an expert reviewer and told me about a bid opening experience. The first phone call I received in the morning was from a contractor whom I had met once, telling me that I had been selected to participate in the bidding that day. , ask him for help. The expert didn't believe it and thought he had made a mistake. Not long after, the bidding office called to inform him. The expert was speechless. . . In a simple word, senior contractors can make experts the weight of our victory. Now let's go back to the issue of unbalanced quotation. The "Buu 80" tx said earlier that this is the review, and he should have more say. The key to unbalanced quotation is to have a certain degree. The quotation cannot be too outrageous. This is the key. We cannot say that we should quote 1,000 yuan for a ton of cement that costs 300 yuan. Therefore, we cannot be too shady in quoting commonly used main materials, otherwise we will be in trouble. As for whether there are standards for the reasonableness of quotes, I don’t know. I have to ask Buu. As far as I know, there seems to be no standard. However, special materials, especially those with opaque market prices, are good things for us to make a fuss about.