The research scope of animal medicine is no longer limited to animal husbandry, but has been expanded to public **** health care, social preventive medicine, companion animals and ornamental animals health care and food hygiene, environmental protection, pharmaceutical industry and many other fields. In particular, the emergence of pet health care worker this emerging profession, more people's curiosity and attention to the animal medicine profession. Pet health care worker, engaged in the main work is pet breeding and disease prevention, daily health care for pets, management and scientific beauty, on-site rescue of sick and injured pets, sick care, post-surgical care and rehabilitation care.
Students majoring in animal medicine can be engaged in animal husbandry and veterinary administration, inspection of imported and exported animals and their products, meat hygiene inspection, feed industry, food safety, environmental protection, diagnosis and prevention of livestock and poultry diseases, companion animal health care, experimental animals, comparative medicine, public ****health, and biology field after graduation. You can also go to an animal quarantine station or an animal production type of business if you don't want to become a veterinarian or open a pet clinic of your own like most students. If you are interested in foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza and other infectious diseases of animals, it is recommended that you continue your education and stay in universities or research institutes to specialize in this area in the future.
I. Necessary main professional ability
1. Master the basic theory of basic animal medicine, preventive medicine and clinical medicine, disease-causing factors, the law of disease development and metastasis, and prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and the basic knowledge of animal husbandry science;
2. Possess the analysis of factors leading to animal pathogenicity, testing, the correct use of medicines and development, routine and instrumental Diagnosis, the main treatment methods, animal quarantine skills;
3. Master standardized livestock and poultry farms epidemic prevention, animal food hygiene inspection, veterinary law enforcement, companion animals, pets, health care, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and other skills;
4. Have a sense of sustainable development of the animal husbandry industry and the basic knowledge, understanding of life sciences of the subject of the frontiers and development trends and the application of relevant technologies in the natural sciences. Familiar with the national animal production, animal medicine development planning, veterinary epidemic prevention and quarantine, environmental protection, animal import and export quarantine, veterinary administration and law enforcement and other relevant guidelines, policies and regulations;
6. Master the basic methods of literature search, data query, the Internet, etc., and have a certain degree of scientific research and practical work ability.
Second, employment prospects
Currently, the scope of research in animal medicine is no longer limited to animal husbandry, but has been expanded to the public **** health care, social preventive medicine, companion animals and ornamental animals, health care and food hygiene, environmental protection, the pharmaceutical industry and many other fields. Especially with more and more people keep pets, pet lovers will treat pets as family members, pet hospitals, pet beauty salons, the rapid rise of the market, in particular, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security will be "pet health care workers" officially listed as an emerging profession, which means that the need for a lot of animal medicine-related practitioners. In recent years, the status of veterinarians in society has also gradually improved, and the industry has seen a promising development across the board. Especially in recent years, the employment situation of other professions has been in a state of decline or sharp decline, only the employment situation of zoology (including animal medicine) is a welcome trend of growth.
Three, the direction of employment
After graduating from the College of Animal Medicine, there are many careers linked to the specialty. Because of the many fields of scientific research in veterinary medicine, in addition to the prevention and control of livestock and poultry diseases is a very important task in veterinary work, it also extends to the field of medicine, biology, and environmental protection and space medicine, and biological and medical sciences, combined more closely. After graduation, the work engaged in the following aspects:
First, the government at all levels of veterinary administrative departments of veterinary administrative law enforcement
Second, the control of human and animal **** disease, to protect the health of humans and animals
The world's prevalence of livestock and poultry and wildlife suffered from about 250 kinds of human and animal **** disease of infectious and parasitic diseases, which are cattle, sheep brucellosis, rabies, rabies and other infectious and parasitic diseases, which are cattle and sheep. Brucellosis in cattle and sheep, rabies, anthrax, bovine tuberculosis, Japanese encephalitis B, schistosomiasis, black fever and so on. The spread of these epidemics and living habits, dietary hygiene, environmental conditions are directly related to the need for human doctors and veterinarians **** with the efforts of these efforts are generally with a strong scientific research nature.
Third, milk, meat, eggs, hides and skins and other animal food and livestock products, veterinary health inspection
With the development of industrial and agricultural production, industrial effluent, a variety of agricultural chemicals are widely used, certain chemicals, anthelmintics, antibiotics, hormones, and other therapeutic agents as well as the application of radioactive substances, as well as beverages, forage, such as mold mycotoxins, often make its residual toxicity through a variety of ways into the body. ways into the body of livestock. These toxic substances in the livestock body residues exceed a certain limit, the livestock products are consumed by people, will cause serious harm to humans, and some even cause carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and other consequences. If people consume foods with high toxicity for a long time, they will continue to accumulate in the body and will be passed on to their children and grandchildren. As far as our country is concerned, with the continuous improvement of people's material living standard, the food structure is also changing, and people's demand for animal food and high-grade fur fabrics is increasing. Milk, meat, eggs and fur and other livestock products, veterinary health inspection work, it is more and more important, especially in the "return to nature" calls for more and more high today, the need for such inspection work, so this industry has great prospects for development.
Fourth, the quarantine of import and export of animals and livestock products
Foreign trade and international exchanges further development of good breeding stock, breeding poultry, experimental animals or wild precious animal international exchanges as well as the export and import of livestock products is increasing. In order to prevent the spread of animal diseases between countries and spread, must be in the airports, seaports, railroads, highways and other departments to set up quarantine institutions, and do a good job of entering and exiting the quarantine of animals and animal products. It requires quarantine workers to have high modern veterinary science quarantine skills and high political quality.
Fifth, ornamental and companion animal health care, disease prevention and treatment
Sixth, the development of veterinary biological drugs.
Using the basic knowledge of microbiology, immunology and biochemistry as well as the application of genetic engineering technology to manufacture high-efficiency vaccines, bacterial vaccines, immune serums and diagnostic fluids, etc., so as to make all kinds of livestock free from the threat of disease and to make the high-density intensive breeding industry possible. China is a world leader in the development of swine fever free weak vaccine, equine transmissible poor weak vaccine and chicken Marek's disease vaccine. As far as this industry is concerned, it may go to pharmaceutical factories (veterinarians) and, of course, to scientific research institutions. In terms of the current situation of various livestock and poultry in China, this industry is promising.
Seventh, the development of laboratory animals
Laboratory animals have a wide range of applications, involving various disciplines of biological sciences. In industry and food toxic substances testing, environmental monitoring, public health countermeasures, agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries production, especially in medicine, biological research, to verify the effect of drugs, toxicity tests, carcinogenic and teratogenic substances testing, and even explore the ocean depths and high altitude astronautics in the phenomena of life and other aspects of the research, all need a high standard of experimental animals to conduct scientific experiments. If such animals are used in scientific research, they can eliminate all kinds of interfering factors affecting the experimental results, and obtain accurate, reliable and reproducible high-level experimental results. This kind of high-quality experimental animals are called "high, precise and sharp biological instruments". Many scientists summarize the necessary conditions for modern scientific research as experimental animals, instrumentation, intelligence information, reagents, the four basic elements, it can be seen that the experimental animals in the modern life sciences research, has become an indispensable factor, and veterinarians, shouldering the development of experiments in animal science responsibilities. The development prospects of this industry, is also obvious.
Consolidating the employment situation of various agricultural colleges and universities, the employment situation of graduates of animal medicine has been favorable in recent years, and the job is relatively well paid. In our country's economy continues to prosper, people's living standards improve day by day, the way of life will gradually change the traditional grain, vegetables as the main food to meat as the main food, but also will pay attention to the quality and safety of meat products. Under this trend, it is an inevitable trend to increase the quantity of livestock production and the quality of meat products. In the process of realizing the industrialization of animal husbandry, the social demand for talents specialized in animal medicine is on the rise.
Four, the examination
1, the examination direction 1: veterinary medicine
Veterinary medicine, is engaged in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases in the industry or people. The main task is to study and implement the diagnosis and treatment of livestock and poultry diseases, prevention and control, quarantine and health inspection of livestock products. With the expansion of China's livestock breeding industry, the livestock industry workplace employment is increasing. Was once considered to be "enrollment cold" of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, now become a new growth point in the job market, some higher vocational colleges and universities and even the emergence of a number of enterprises rush to book the phenomenon of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine graduates.
2, direction 2: preventive veterinary medicine
Preventive veterinary medicine is the study of animal infectious diseases and animal parasitic diseases of the pathogenic properties, pathogenesis, epidemiological patterns, disease diagnosis, as well as prevention, control of the principles and technology of science. This discipline from the original animal parasitology and parasitology, animal infectious diseases and preventive veterinary medicine, veterinary microbiology and immunology and other disciplines into a combination, the scope of research involves a variety of pathogenic parasites, microorganisms, and their infections of a variety of animals and people, in-depth animal populations, individuals, cellular and molecular level.
01 Research on pathogenic biology of animal diseases; 02 Research on animal immunology; 03 Research on epidemiology and prevention countermeasures of animal diseases; 04 Research on human and animal **** disease and food safety; 05 Research on animal transgenics and biopharmaceuticals; 06 Application of high and new technology in the field of preventive veterinary medicine.3, research direction 3: basic veterinary medicine
"Basic veterinary medicine" is "veterinary medicine" first-level disciplines of the secondary disciplines, the discipline of the study of animal morphology and structure, the law of life activities, disease and drug action. The discipline consists of animal anatomy and embryology, animal physiology, animal biochemistry, veterinary pharmacology and toxicology, veterinary pathology on the basis of composition. The discipline focuses on overall research, and cellular and molecular level research, in order to further elucidate the phenomenon of life, and to guide the animal husbandry production to lay the foundation. Specialized Direction:
01 Animal Anatomy and Tissue Embryology; 02 Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; 03 Veterinary Pathology; 04 Animal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
4, direction 4: clinical veterinary medicine
Clinical veterinary medicine is a secondary discipline under the first-level discipline of veterinary medicine. This discipline studies the cause of non-infectious diseases and non-invasive animal diseases, clinical diagnosis and treatment of science. The discipline consists of veterinary internal medicine, veterinary surgery, veterinary obstetrics, clinical diagnostics and Chinese veterinary medicine, directly for the veterinary clinical services, to protect the health and hygiene of animals, and to promote the development of animal husbandry production, but also an important related discipline of human medicine. Specialties:
(01) Animal Embryonic Engineering; (02) Animal Reproductive Endocrinology; (03) Animal Poisoning Diseases and Toxicology; (04) Animal Clinical Diseases.
5. Examination direction 5: animal husbandry related direction.