PET is currently the only new imaging technology in medicine that can display the metabolism of biomolecules, receptors and neuromediator activities in vivo. It is now widely used in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various diseases and the judgment of disease conditions. , efficacy evaluation, organ function research and new drug development, etc.
1. PET can distinguish malignant tumors from benign tumors and normal tissues. It can also distinguish recurrent tumors from surrounding necrosis and scar tissue. It is now mostly used for lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer. , lymphoma, melanoma, etc., the diagnostic accuracy rate is above 90%.
2. It can be used for locating epileptic focus, early diagnosis and identification of Alzheimer's disease, evaluation of Parkinson's disease, and judgment of tissue damage and survival after cerebral infarction.
3. It can detect the location and scope of myocardial ischemia in coronary heart disease, accurately evaluate myocardial vitality, and determine whether thrombolytic treatment, coronary stent placement, or coronary artery bypass surgery is needed. Through the analysis of myocardial blood flow and combined with drug load, it can determine the coronary reserve capacity and evaluate the therapeutic effect of coronary heart disease.
Extended information:
Advantages of PET:
(1) High sensitivity. PET is an imaging that reflects molecular metabolism. When the disease is in the early stage of molecular level changes, the morphological structure of the lesion area has not yet shown abnormality, and MRI and CT examinations cannot make a clear diagnosis, PET examination can detect the location of the lesions and obtain Three-dimensional images can also perform quantitative analysis to achieve early diagnosis, which is unmatched by other current imaging examinations.
(2) High specificity. When MRI and CT examinations reveal tumors in organs, it is difficult to determine whether they are benign or malignant. However, PET examinations can make a diagnosis based on the high metabolism characteristics of malignant tumors.
(3) Whole body imaging. A one-time PET whole-body imaging examination can obtain images of various areas of the body.
(4) Good safety. The nuclides required for PET examination have certain radioactivity, but the amount of nuclides used is very small, and the half-life is very short (the short one is about 12 minutes, the long one is about 120 minutes). After physical attenuation and biological metabolism, the The retention time in the subject's body is very short. The radiation dose of a PET whole-body examination is far less than a conventional CT examination of one part, so it is safe and reliable.
Baidu Encyclopedia-pet (positron emission computed tomography)