□ Reporter Zheng Lijingxin Correspondent Chief Reporter Yan Huazhuang
Core tip:
According to legend, Jia Luhe's predecessor is Xia, which is the Chu River Han boundary in China's chess. Now, Jia Luhe has really become a "gap"-a gap across the road of creating a model, Zhengzhou (creating a national environmental protection model city)!
From June 5, 2007 to 10, Zhou Shengxian, director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, said in his inspection of pollution control in Huaihe River Basin in our province: "Governing Jia Luhe is a test of Zhengzhou's environmental control ability. Only when Jia Luhe is well managed can Zhengzhou hope to enter the ranks of environmental protection model cities. After the governance of Jia Luhe, Zhengzhou City solved a' heart disease' in the Huaihe River. "
As a result, Jia Luhe has not only become a "heart disease" for harnessing Huaihe River, but also a "heart disease" for Zhengzhou to establish an environmental protection model city. Can Zhengzhou get rid of this "heart disease"?
news commentary
We can only cure Jia Luhe and create patterns.
In April this year, the provincial government announced the implementation plan of comprehensive environmental improvement in Henan Province in 2008. In the comprehensive improvement of river basin environment, the Weihe River, Jia Luhe River and Huiji River basins are still the key improvement areas, and Zhengzhou section of Jia Luhe, Xinxiang section of Weihe River and Kaifeng section of Huiji River are the key improvement areas. The "Proposal" requires that Zhengzhou, Xinxiang and Kaifeng should formulate special remediation plans according to the pollution status of their respective river basins and take practical measures to ensure the obvious improvement of water quality this year. It is understood that Zhengzhou section of Jia Luhe was also listed as the focus of comprehensive environmental improvement last year.
This can't help but remind people of the expectations of Zhou Shengxian, Minister of Environmental Protection, for the governance of Jia Luhe when he visited the Huaihe River Basin in Henan!
On June+10, 2007, the national conference on river pollution prevention and control was held in Zheng. Zhou Shengxian, then director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, came to Henan in advance to inspect the water quality in the Huaihe River Basin. 165438+1October13rd, Zhou Shengxian inspected the water quality in the Huaihe River Basin under the jurisdiction of Zhengzhou City. Jia Luhe is a tributary of Shaying River, which flows into the middle reaches of Shaying River. About one third of the pollution load of Sha Ying River comes from Jia Luhe. Due to the lack of natural runoff recharge, Jia Luhe has become a sewage ditch in Zhengzhou. In 2006, the average annual concentration of COD in the section of Zhongmu Highway Bridge in Jia Luhe decreased by 58 mg/L compared with the initial period of the Ninth Five-Year Plan. From 200 1 to 2006, the average annual concentration of COD in Chen Qiao section of Jia Luhe decreased from 136.5mg/L to 83.2 mg/L. In 2007, the concentration of COD in Jia Luhe continued to decrease and remained between 60-70 mg/L. Despite great improvement, the water quality in Jia Luhe was still worrying. Zhou Shengxian particularly emphasized: "Governing Jia Luhe is a test of Zhengzhou's environmental governance capacity. Only when Jia Luhe is well managed can Zhengzhou hope to enter the ranks of environmental protection model cities. After the governance of Jia Luhe, Zhengzhou City solved a' heart disease' that governed the Huaihe River. "
Zhengzhou's creative mode belongs to Jia Luhe. Why does Jia Luhe have such a special status?
Li Jingming, currently an inspector of Henan Environmental Protection Bureau, has served as the deputy director of the Environmental Protection Bureau for many years, and knows the situation in Jia Luhe like the back of his hand. He told reporters: "Jia Luhe is the upper reaches of the Sha Ying River, and the Huaidian Gate section of Shaying River is the exit section from our province to Anhui, and it is also a state-controlled section with on-line monitoring equipment. The state's assessment of the Huaihe River basin management in our province is the assessment of this section. Minister Zhou Shengxian said that only by managing Jia Luhe well can Zhengzhou's innovative model succeed. One of the standards of national environmental protection model city is that the water quality compliance rate of urban water function area is 1.000%, and there are no inferior five types of water bodies in the city (COD is above 40 mg/L). Jia Luhe's COD, ammonia nitrogen and other indicators are inferior to Class V, so the governance of Jia Luhe is not only related to the State Council's assessment of our province, but also related to the work of creating a model in Zhengzhou. "
Field visit
Three streams of sewage polluted Jia Luhe.
When it comes to the treatment of Jia Luhe, we must first understand where the sewage in Jia Luhe comes from.
Jia Luhe is a secondary tributary of Huaihe River, which originates in xinmi city, flows through the northwest of Zhengzhou City, exits in Chen Qiao, zhongmou county, and joins Shaying River in Zhoukou City. Zhengzhou section in Jia Luhe is long 137km, with a drainage area of 2750km2. It receives 700,000 ~ 800,000 tons of domestic and industrial sewage from Zhengzhou and zhongmou county every day. Although it is called a river, there is no domestic water source in Jia Luhe, and all the water sources come from domestic and industrial sewage.
At present, the sewage treatment rate in Zhengzhou City can reach 85%, and most of the sewage can be discharged after being treated in the sewage treatment plant, but three streams of sewage are directly discharged into Jia Luhe without any treatment. Where did the sewage come from and how did it get into Jia Luhe? The reporter conducted a field visit.
On April 13, the reporter came to Zhengzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone with Zhou Zheng, the captain of the Supervision Brigade of Zhengzhou Environmental Protection Bureau. In the fields on the northwest side of the Science Avenue Bridge, the first sewage directly discharged into Jia Luhe-Wawuliminggou was found. This ditch is seriously silted up, and the sewage in the ditch is gray-black, with all kinds of garbage floating on the surface, and the flow direction is from west to east. In addition to the open ditch in the tile house, there is a wider sewage ditch from south to north under the bridge. The two open ditches meet about 50 meters north of Science Avenue Bridge, and then flow northward into Jia Luhe. Zhou Zheng told the reporter: "The sewage discharged from the open ditch in Wawuli is mainly the domestic sewage in the high-tech zone, with a daily flow of about 40,000 tons. The other ditch is mainly domestic sewage around Chemical Road, with a flow of about 30,000 tons per day. These two streams of sewage have not been treated, and the COD concentration is about 200 mg/L. "
The reporter rushed to the Qilihe Bridge on the new 107 national highway. Standing on the bridge about 10 meters high, you can smell the foul smell of sewage. The sewage bubbled from west to east, which was the third time that it was directly discharged into Jia Luhe. Zhou Zheng said: "The water here is mainly domestic sewage from longhu town, Xinzheng, which is directly discharged to Jia Luhe without treatment. The traffic here is also tens of thousands of tons every day. "
In Zhongmu Highway Bridge in Jia Luhe, the river is crystal clear, and the wheat seedlings and rape on both sides of the river grow vigorously. "This is because the water from Zhengzhou Sewage Treatment Plant is discharged to Jia Luhe and mixed with sewage, and the water quality seems to have been greatly improved. Therefore, to manage the current Jia Luhe, we must manage the third-rate sewage we have seen. "
Latest data
Ammonia nitrogen was not up to standard in the first four months of this year.
The reporter learned from Henan Environmental Protection Bureau that the cumulative compliance rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen in Chen Qiao section of Zhongmu, Jia Luhe was 8 1%, and it was only 23.8% from June 5438+0 to May this year.
It is understood that from 2000/kloc-0 to 2004, Jia Luhe's national target chemical oxygen demand was 100 mg/L, 95 mg/L in 2005, 85 mg/L in 2006, 85 mg/L in 2007 and 75 mg/L in 2008. The state evaluates Zhengzhou according to this goal. The detection results of this target value are: 124mg/L/L in 2002 and 1 12 mg/L in 2003, which have not reached the national control target. From 2004 to 2007, all these years reached the national control target, which was 76 mg/L in 2005, 83.2 mg/L in 2006 and 75.3 mg/L in 2007. As for ammonia nitrogen, the national assessment began in 2000 (before 2007, it was a reference index, and later it was an assessment index), and the standards were 25 mg/L in 2005, 20 mg/L in 2006, 20 mg/L in 2007 and 0/5 mg/L in 2008. The test results show that the ammonia nitrogen in Jia Luhe has been maintained at about 30 mg/L in recent years. From last year to this year, the test results of ammonia nitrogen show that the water quality of Jia Luhe has a low ammonia nitrogen compliance rate, especially this year.
The biggest problem
There are few facilities for urban expansion and rapid denitrification.
From the above data, it can be seen that reaching the COD standard is no longer a problem, but high ammonia nitrogen data is the biggest problem facing Jia Luhe at present.
Yang, deputy director of Zhengzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, said that in recent years, the population of Zhengzhou has increased rapidly, the tertiary industry has developed rapidly, and the total amount of urban domestic sewage has increased year by year, which is the main reason for the increasing ammonia nitrogen content in sewage.
He said that the governance of Jia Luhe began in the 1990s. Before 2000, there were about 3,250 industrial enterprises in the Huaihe River Basin, including 2,990 water pollution enterprises, all of which had no pollution control facilities. It can be said that the water in Jia Luhe is untreated sewage. In 2000, Zhengzhou began to close the "fifteen small" enterprises, and closed more than 200 enterprises that year. From 2000 to 2003, Zhengzhou City closed down enterprises that did not meet the requirements of environmental protection, and at the same time required the remaining enterprises to build pollution control facilities. Since then, the water quality in Jia Luhe has gradually improved, but the degree is not obvious. With the increasing demands of the state and the province on the governance of Jia Luhe, the construction of urban sewage treatment plants has been put on the agenda. At the end of February, 200 1, 1, Wangxinzhuang Sewage Treatment Plant with a daily treatment capacity of 400,000 tons was put into operation, which is the first sewage treatment plant in Zhengzhou.
However, some changes have taken place during this period, such as the rapid expansion of Zhengzhou, the increasing urban population and the rapid development of the tertiary industry. The amount of urban sewage discharged into Jia Luhe is increasing year by year, and the pollution degree is also increasing year by year. It is estimated that at present, Zhengzhou discharges about 6.5438 million tons of sewage every day, and domestic sewage accounts for 70% ~ 80% of the total sewage discharge, and the COD concentration has also increased obviously. For example, the sewage discharged from catering and bathing in the tertiary industry in Zhengzhou City has a maximum COD of 800 ~ 900 mg/L. According to the data provided by various sewage treatment plants, the minimum concentration of influent COD is 300 mg/L, which is close to 500 mg/L when it is high. In view of this situation, Zhengzhou has successively built wulongkou Sewage Treatment Plant, Matougang Sewage Treatment Plant and Zhongmou Sewage Treatment Plant. The sewage treatment rate has gone from zero in 2000 to 80% ~ 85% now, which has exceeded the standard of creative mode and basically solved the COD problem.
However, new problems have emerged. Since last year, the state has tried to evaluate the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. This year, ammonia nitrogen has been included in the formal assessment. The problem of ammonia nitrogen is mainly domestic sewage. The nitrogen removal capacity of Matougang Sewage Treatment Plant is 300,000 tons/day, and that of wulongkou is 6,543.8+10,000 tons/day. However, Wangxinzhuang Sewage Treatment Plant, which was built earlier, has no denitrification facilities, which makes the problem of ammonia nitrogen in Jia Luhe more prominent.
Li Jingming also holds the same view. He said: "The biggest problem of Zhengzhou Sewage Treatment Plant is the lagging construction of denitrification facilities. According to the plan, the nitrogen removal facility of Wangxinzhuang Sewage Treatment Plant should be completed in 2005, but it has not been completed so far due to land acquisition. At present, the denitrification facilities of Matougang Sewage Treatment Plant and wulongkou Sewage Treatment Plant are still being debugged, and the treatment effect is still far from the national requirements. How to operate in the future depends on the debugging situation. "
Latest scheme
"Engineering" and "Ecology" Governing Jia Luhe Together
Now the Zhengzhou Municipal Government has proposed to build a "Greater Zhengzhou", and one of the important criteria is population. It is estimated that by 2020, the population of Zhengzhou will reach100000, but the construction cost of urban sewage treatment plants is high and takes a long time, which obviously cannot keep up with the population expansion. It is obviously not enough for Jia Luhe to govern by this method alone.
In March, 2008, Zhengzhou Municipal Government formulated the Implementation Plan of Comprehensive Water Pollution Control in Jia Luhe River Basin of Zhengzhou City for 2008-20 10, and adopted the method of combining "engineering therapy" in the construction of sewage treatment plants with "ecological therapy" in the construction of constructed wetlands to control Jia Luhe.
According to the plan, at the end of this year, Zhengzhou will build an artificial wetland in zhongmou county, Jia Luhe, and use the ecological self-purification function to further reduce the pollution load in Jia Luhe. By 20 10, the concentrations of COD and ammonia nitrogen in the water of Chen Qiao section in Zhongmu, Jia Luhe can reach 50 mg/L and10 mg/L. Zhengzhou also plans to carry out the research on sewage treatment of Jia Luhe River constructed wetland, and explore economic and practical sewage treatment methods based on the construction of urban sewage treatment plants.
Zhengzhou will also build the second phase project of wulongkou Sewage Treatment Plant (mainly collecting the domestic sewage around the high-tech zone and Chemical Road, that is, the sewage from Wawuli and the open ditch of Chemical Road) and Chensanqiao Sewage Treatment Plant (mainly treating the sewage around Xinzheng longhu town, that is, Qilihe River), effectively reducing the water pollution load in Jia Luhe. At present, two factories have started construction. Wangxinzhuang Sewage Treatment Plant will also make appropriate improvements to the sewage treatment process to make it have a certain denitrification capacity, so as to reduce the ammonia nitrogen pollution load in Jia Luhe.
In addition, Zhengzhou will also deepen the prevention and control of industrial pollution, and carry out in-depth management of enterprises that fail to meet the requirements of total control and water environment quality targets. According to the relevant requirements of the newly promulgated "Discharge Standard of Pollutants in Beer Industry", all beer industries will be treated within a time limit. At the same time, our province will soon issue a new local standard for chemical industry (fertilizer). After the release of the new standard, Zhengzhou will carry out in-depth treatment of fertilizer production enterprises according to the requirements of the new standard, which can effectively reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen.
Yang told reporters that from the perspective of the future, it will be better, and the Zhengzhou municipal government has just passed the Zhengzhou ecological water system construction plan. There are several foreseeable good news: First, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project will pass through Zhengzhou, which will increase the clean water in Zhengzhou; The other is to excavate the South Canal in the second half of this year. The Yellow River water used in Zhengzhou is far from the amount given by the State Council. With the construction of Longhu Lake and Zi Long Lake, the water from the Yellow River will be introduced into Dongfeng Canal in the future, and the water from Longhu will eventually flow into Jia Luhe, so that Jia Luhe will have a fresh water source. It is estimated that Jia Luhe's governance will see obvious effects in three to five years.
Noun explanation:
COD (chemical oxygen demand) is the amount of oxidation consumed when treating water samples with a strong oxidant under certain conditions. It is an index indicating the quantity of reducing substances in water. Reducing substances in water include various organic substances, nitrite, sulfide, ferrous salt and so on. But mainly organic matter. Therefore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) is often used as an index to measure the organic matter content in water. The greater the chemical oxygen demand, the more serious the water body is polluted by organic matter.