NDS--Introduction
Full name: [1]Nintendo [2]Dual Screen (NDS)
March 11, 2009 Nintendo announced that as of March 6, 2009 NDS global sales of more than 100 million, surpassing the PS2 as the world's fastest to reach 100 million sales. world's fastest console to reach 100 million sales.
NDS - Functionality
Specifications
- Folded: 84.7 x 148.7 x 28.9mm, weighs 275g (including battery, stylus)
CPU
- ARM9 CPU and ARM7 CPU, with a newly developed image engine. developed image engine, which can express more splendid images.
Screen
-Dual screen design, 3-inch semi-transparent reflective TFT color display LCD with backlight function, 256 x 192 pixels, 260,000 colors, the lower screen has a film-resistant transparent simulation of the touch function.
Sockets/Slots
-DS game slot -GBA game slot (NDSI not available) -Stereo headphone/mic jack
Wireless communication function
-Receiving distance of radio waves: 10M-30M (depending on the surrounding environment and the game being played) -Corresponds to the IEEE802.11 and Nintendo's proprietary communication frequency which can be used in two ways -Depending on the setting of the game. 2 ways -Allows multiple players to play with one game card at the same time depending on the game settings
Sound
-Built-in stereo speakers (virtual surround effect depending on the game settings)
Other features
-Touch Screen Calibration System -Built-in Clock (date/time/alarm function) -Built-in "Pict Chat", a feature that allows users to easily access the game from a computer or a PC, to a computer or a PC. "Pict Chat" for wireless communication of text or pictures for up to 16 people
Customizable settings
-User information settings -Switching of startup mode -Possibility to set up GBA games to be displayed on the upper or lower screen -Using languages: Japanese, English, German, French, Spanish. Italian, American
Battery/Power Supply
- DC power supply included - Built-in rechargeable Li-Ion battery - Full charge time: 4 hours - Power-saving features such as sleep mode - Battery life: approx. 6-10 hours (varies depending on software used)
Editorials for NDS- Specific parameters
CPU Main Processor ARM946E-S (67MHz) Cache Memory Instruction Cache 8KB, Data Cache 4KB Subsidiary Processor ARM7TDMI (33MHz) (Note: Same style as GBA CPU but faster) Memory Primary Memory 4MB ARM7/ARM9 ****User Memory 32KB (16KB x 2) ARM7-specific internal working memory 64KB Video memory 656KB LCD screen resolution Two independent 256×192 LCD screens 260,000 colors (6bit each for R:G:B) 2D drawing capability Background scrolling Max. 4 faces Animated collage characters Max. 128 2D drawing capability Coordinate conversion Max. 4 million vertices per second Polygon depiction Max. 120,000 polygons per second Pixel fill Polygon depiction capability Maximum 120,000 polygons per second Pixel fill rate Maximum 30 million pixels per second Audio function 16-channel PCM/ADPCM (can be set as PSG source, up to 8-channel) Microphone input function Wireless communication Exclusive specification based on IEEE802.11 (NDS supports up to 16 hosts to be connected to the line) Operation mode Touch function on one screen only Cross-knob, A B X Y R L Start Select button Power control for hibernation mode
Power-saving controls for 2D and 3D graphics engines, LCD screens, etc. (NDSL also features a GBA card slot on the lower screen)
NDS - Hardware Performance Thoroughly Analyzed
High-performance embedded processors
The NDS is designed to provide a high level of performance and reliability.
ARM946E-S and ARM7TDMI are embedded 32BIT RISC CPUs developed by Advanced RISC Machines, which are widely used in automotive electronics, cell phones, hard disk drives, modems, industrial controls, mass storage, network communications, wireless communications, and a variety of consumer entertainment electronics. It has the advantages of low power consumption, high performance, small size and low price. It is very suitable for handhelds. The ARM946E-S is the main CPU, the speed is 1-67MHz it will be responsible for the main 3D computing and 2D computing. In order to make its computing speed faster NINTENDIO has equipped it with large-capacity cache Instruction Cache (Instruction Cache) 8KByte, Data Cache (Data Cache) 4KByte; TCM (Tightly Coupled Memory): Instruction Cache (Instruction Cache) 32KByte, Data Cache (Data Cache) 4KByte; TCM (Tightly Coupled Memory): Instruction Cache (Instruction Cache) 32KBy te, Data Cache (Data Cache) 3KBy te, Data Cache (Data Cache) 4KBy te. Cache: Instruction Cache 32KByte, Data Cache 16KByte is a lot for a handheld. [Note: there are generally two ways to increase processor speed: one is to increase the clock frequency; one is to increase the processor cache, its speed is generally the same as the processor's clock frequency or 1/2 speed operation]. ARM946E-S is a 5-stage pipeline, integrated Thumb extensions, debugging capabilities and Harvard bus kernel. It more than doubles the performance of the ARM7TDMI on the same process. There is also an enhanced DSP instruction set. It can be used in applications that require both control and DSP. Very suitable for NDS architecture structure [Note: Because NDS 2D Graphics Engine and 3D Graphics Engine are DSP type]; ARM7TDMI in NDS as a secondary CPU appears, it is mainly and 2D Graphics Engine 3D Graphics Engine together with the auxiliary The ARM7TDMI is used as a secondary CPU in NDS, and it is mainly used with the 2D Graphics Engine and 3D Graphics Engine to assist the ARM946E-S to achieve the claimed performance targets and to be compatible with devices such as GBA control I/O. It is equipped with 64K of dedicated off-chip memory. It is a small, high-performance, low-power, integratable 32-bit RISC processor core originally developed for portable communication devices. The speed is 1-33MHz.The ARM946E-S and ARM7TDMI are both produced using a 0.18um process,**** enjoying a 32KByte (16Kbyte x2) off-chip dedicated memory. This allows the ARM946E-S and ARM7TDMI to efficiently perform close to the performance of the R4000A (which is the processor of the N64 and the PSP's R4000 is not a type of processor, the circuitry is completely different).
Memory
In order to achieve the same graphics performance as the N64 games, NDS integrated 4MB of main memory (the type is not specified or RDRAM). The NDS has 4MB of main memory (the type of RDRAM is not specified). Compared to the N64's 4.5MB, it's still not as good as the N64's 4.5MB, and the textures will definitely be smaller than those of the N64. But we have overlooked a problem is to ignore the CPU cache Dedicated memory (64KByte) and **** enjoy the existence and role of memory (32KByte), and NINTENDIO also designed for its 3D engine 656KByte VRAM to do Zhen cache. It can accommodate N64 standard textures.
2D Graphics Engine
This time in order to enhance the function of NDS, integrated a 2D graphics engine to assist the processing power of the two CPUs, but we have not found that the 2D performance of NDS and the GBA is not any improvement, what is the matter? Because 2D also want to show the big bold force of the picture [Note: is the background of 3D, 2D form of expression] This is why the integration of 2D to assist the CPU's reasons] so as to improve both the 2D elements of the delicate and does not affect the performance of the 3D. In addition, 2D graphics have more color rendering and higher resolution.
The 3D engine with N64-level performance
When NINTENDIO announced that NDS could outperform PS and rival N64, many gamers wondered if the ARM946E-S and ARM7TDMI were inferior to the R4000A in terms of both bit count and frequency, and if NDS could really achieve what NINTENDIO claimed it could do. The answer is yes. Because NDS integrates a 3D engine that helps the CPU to perform geometric operations. It can compute 4 million vertices per second (this is the amount of computation when all the vertices are connected together), 120,000 multi-transformations (in fact, it should be able to show more, because the vertices of large objects like 3D backgrounds are connected together), and a fill rate of 30 million pixels, which makes the NDS achieve 3D functions comparable to that of the N64. On top of the special effects supported by the N64, it also gives the NDS the effect of fogging (the effect of making objects have the characteristics of "fog", the principle of this effect is based on the proximity of the white composition of the distance and reduce the contrast between light and dark to achieve. It is not the same as a real fog such as volumetric fog...) and cartoon rendering (adding contour lines to the edges of the material and using very few colors to show a color gradient to produce a cartoon effect or not using contour lines, only using a color gradient to achieve a cartoon rendering such as the wind staff). Thus, there will be a lot of 3D games on the NDS.
Sound system that surpasses SFC and rivals PS
NDS has 16 PCM sound sources, far more than SF*'s 8, which allows **S to perfectly express the voice and close to CD-quality sound effects, making it possible for music games to appear on NDS.
Convenient wireless connection
NDS is equipped with Wi-Fi unlimited connectivity, which corresponds to IEEE802.11 wireless network standard. This allows up to 16 players to enjoy a cassette tape within a range of up to 10 meters.
Perfect Operation Keys
In order to make up for the embarrassment of the GBA's lack of operation keys, the NDS has added the X and Y buttons, which makes the game operation in the NDS more diversified and perfect. This makes the NDS more versatile and perfect for future handheld games, and makes it possible for new types of games to appear on the NDS.
Enhanced Cassette Media
DS cassettes utilized Matrix Semiconductor's storage technology, which allowed Nintendo to produce cassettes faster and at a lower cost. Third-party manufacturers were able to produce cassettes at a cost of between $6 and $10 per cassette, greatly reducing the cost and price of cassettes for game manufacturers. Not only that, but the capacity of the cartridges has also been greatly increased to 1Gbit, which allows for more colorful graphics and longer game play without the constraints of capacity. Another advantage is that the cartridge can be equipped with a special DSP to enhance the graphics of the game. Have you forgotten the MD SFC era? With DSP, the 2D function of MD SFC was greatly improved and 3D function was realized.
Edit NDS--Releases
North America was released on November 21, 2004, Japan on December 2, 2004, and Taiwan in mid-December. It was released on March 11, 2005 in Europe. China was launched on July 23, 2005 by a local manufacturer, iQue Technology, under the name "iQue DS (iDS)". It was priced at RMB 1,518 (including one GBA and one NDS game). A new model called NDS Lite was released in Japan on March 2, 2006, and production of the old NDS was phased out and replaced by the NDS Lite. It was released in Australia on June 1, 2006, in North America on June 11, 2006, in Europe on June 23, 2006, in Taiwan at the end of June 2006, and officially on June 29, 2006 in China. At the end of July 2006, Nintendo officially announced that the sales of the NDS console in Japan exceeded the 10 million mark, making it the fastest-selling console in the history of Japanese video games. By the end of November 2007, Nintendo DS global sales of about 65 million units, including 21.5 million units in Japan, 20.5 million units in the United States, 23 million units in Europe and other regions, usually about 700,000 sales a week NDSi full name Nintendo DSi is Nintendo following the NDSL after the NDSi is another improved model NDSi in November 1, 2008 in Japan region The NDSi debuted in Japan on November 1, 2008 at a price of 18,900 yen. The following changes were made to the NDSi compared to the NDSL: 1. A 0.3 megapixel camera was added to the lower right side of the front panel, along with the microphone; 2. The push power switch on the NDSL was changed to a pushbutton and moved to the left side of the lower screen; 3. The volume adjustment buttons were changed to pushbuttons, and were placed on the left side of the main unit; 4. A new SD card slot was added, and was placed on the right side of the main unit, next to the stylus; 5. The original Indicator lights from 2 to 3, moved to the left side of the spindle, in order: wifi switch, charging nds
Indicator switch, and power switch; 6. NDSL compared to the additional keys L, R keycaps shortened to the original 1/2; 7. Adjustable screen brightness of the five levels, in order from low to high: the lowest brightness, low brightness, medium brightness, high brightness, the highest brightness. Nintendo: NDS console global cumulative sales reached 100 million units Nintendo recently officially released the first three quarters of fiscal year 2008 linked to the performance summary report, the sale of four years of NDS console global cumulative sales of 100 million units, previously announced by Sony PSP sales exceeded 50 million units, apparently Nintendo again to Sony to a heavy blow! NDS console sales of 25.62 million units in the nine months of the current fiscal year***, of which 3.29 million units in Japan, the U.S. market of 9.54 million units, Europe and other regions together 12.79 million units. The total number of units sold worldwide since the launch of the NDS console has reached 96.22 million units, and the total number of units sold until the end of December 2008 for the NDSi console launched on November 1, 2008 in the Japanese market was 1.66 million units. In terms of software, cumulative worldwide sales of NDS software for the first three quarters of the fiscal year totaled 163.78 million units.
NDS fault repair
Although Nintendo's host quality are relatively good, but as a digital product there are bound to be some problems, nds repair mainly involves three aspects of the content: A, NDS disassembly B, NDS parts replacement C, NDS common problem solving, including the NDS does not turn on the screen, screen cracked/pressure burst, splash screen/flashing, the touch screen is not functional, does not read the card. Touch screen no function, not read the card, read the card is not stable, plug the headset sound, no sound speakers, buttons do not work, can not be online, often black screen, slow response time to play games and a series of problems.
Edit NDS--Temple Masterpiece
NDS in addition to a series of Nintendo's original classic games, such as Pokémon, Mario, Animal Crossing, The Legend of Sarda (2), Castlevania (3: Cross of the Pale Moon, Portrait of Ruin, and Carved Marks of the Taken), and the Bravely Defenders series (4, 6, 9, Monsters, Monsters 2). The G.I. Joe series and the Final Fantasy series have been regarded as two of the most successful role-playing games in the history of Japanese gaming, and the former has always tended to be released on the most popular consoles, and the decision to release several episodes of the G.I. Joe series on the NDS instead of the next-generation home consoles as was expected to be the case in order to achieve new graphical breakthroughs has undoubtedly led to the outside world's belief that the NDS will be dominating the console market in the coming days. NDS will dominate the console market in the coming days. In addition, NDS has also developed many fun and classic new series, such as Brain Exercise series, Brain Soft Gymnastics Academy series, which caused a great popularity of puzzle and brain activity games all over the world, the new concept of music rhythm game Support Group series, surgical and medical game Super Surgery, cooking practice game Wonderful Chef Mom series, the popular pet game Ren Tengu series, the adventure and puzzle game Altered Color Code Double Memory and Lost Azure series, and so on. and Lost in Blue series and other games also give full play to the NDS function
NDS - English abbreviation
Full name Nintendo Dual Screen abbreviation NDS full name Nintendo Dual Screen Lite abbreviation NDSL full name Nintendo Dual Screen I(eye) Abbreviation NDSI Full name Nintendo Dual Screen I LL (clothes model, same as XL) Abbreviation ndsi LL