The so-called integration of solar energy and building is the organic combination of solar energy utilization facilities and buildings, using solar collectors to replace roof coverings or roof insulation layers, which not only eliminates the impact of solar energy on the image of the building, but also Avoid duplication of investment and reduce costs. The integration of solar energy and buildings is the future development direction of solar energy technology. Characteristics of solar energy and building integration technology:
1. Incorporate the use of solar energy into the overall design of the environment, integrating architecture, technology and aesthetics. Solar energy facilities become part of the building and are organically integrated with each other. It replaces the impact of traditional solar energy structures on the appearance of the building;
2. Using solar energy facilities to completely replace or partially replace the roof covering can reduce costs and improve efficiency;
3. It can be used on flat roofs or sloped roofs. Generally, the covering type is used for flat roofs, and the embedded type is used for sloped roofs;
Applicable objects of solar energy and building integrated application technology:
1. It is suitable for units, collectives, communities, etc. that have strict urban construction requirements and require standardized installation, beautiful appearance, and no damage to the city appearance.
2. It is suitable to take solar energy into consideration as part of the building design and design it together with the building.
3. Suitable for various forms of buildings, such as residential areas, high-rise buildings, villas, etc.
4. Single units are purchased collectively and installed uniformly. This form is mainly suitable for new residential areas and renovation of old houses.
Advantages:
(1) For property management, the installation is standardized and easy to manage.
(2) For real estate developers, it can be used as a selling point for real estate sales.
(3) An after-sales service point can be set up for a certain community to specifically serve that community, eliminating customers' worries.
With the improvement of economic construction and people's living standards, urban garden residences have become a trend. At the same time, the energy crisis and environmental deterioration are also intensifying. For this reason, clean and inexhaustible solar products The development and utilization of solar energy products urgently need to be popularized, so that solar energy products can help urban garden residences achieve both environmental protection and energy saving, so that all future residences will be solar powered. With the development of the domestic solar water heater industry, consumers have higher and higher requirements for domestic hot water, and they pay more and more attention to the aesthetics of buildings. The original sun-drying type and compact type can no longer meet people's needs. As a ubiquitous, inexhaustible, clean and non-polluting energy source, solar energy is receiving increasing attention. Its widespread application is important for saving non-renewable mineral energy, protecting the environment, improving human living space, and realizing Sustainable economic and social development is of great significance.
At present, we can see various forms of solar water heaters on rooftops, which, like refrigerators and color TVs, have gradually become basic consumer goods in people’s lives. However, current solar water heaters only consider their own structure and function. , failure to take into account the construction of solar water heaters almost without exception destroys the overall image of the building. In fact, the solar collector itself has the function of waterproofing and heat insulation, which is similar to the function of the roof of a building. That is, the function of the roof covering can be partially or completely replaced by solar collector facilities, thereby saving investment. Therefore, if buildings and solar energy facilities can be considered together and organically combined with each other, investment can be saved, the overall beauty of the building can be maintained, and the integration of facilities and buildings can be maximized. The problem is generally referred to as "solar and building integration".
1. Current status of solar energy and building integration technology
The perfect application of solar energy and other renewable energy in building technology has always been the dream pursuit of enterprises. The integration of solar energy and buildings The creation of a healthy living environment with low energy consumption and high comfort not only allows residents to live more natural and environmentally friendly lives, but also saves energy and reduces pollution, which is of great significance to achieving sustainable social development.
Today, when human beings are facing increasingly serious damage to the living environment and energy crisis, how to develop and utilize environmentally friendly and energy-saving residential supporting components has become a hot topic. Solar energy - as a free, clean energy, the use in residential buildings will be related to the strategy of sustainable development, which is of far-reaching significance. After several years of research and development, the utilization of solar energy has achieved significant results and transformed into productivity. In our country, there are now more than 1,000 solar water heater companies in the industry, and the scope of promotion and application is also constantly expanding. The combination of solar energy and architecture has become increasingly irreplaceable in residential construction and has become the latest highlight in residential construction.
As early as the World Solar Energy Conference held in 1999, experts believed that there are two basic trends in the development of solar energy technology in the contemporary world. One is the combination of photovoltaics and photothermal; the other is the combination of solar energy and architecture. Solar energy building systems are the intersection of the two revolutions of green energy and new building concepts. Experts recognize that solar energy is the most suitable, safest and most ideal alternative energy source for mankind in the future. The current solar energy utilization conversion rate is about 10-12, and the development and utilization potential of solar energy is very huge. According to reports, countries around the world are currently building their own "sunshine plans." For example, last year the German government announced the implementation of the "100,000 Roofs" plan. , that is, laying out large-scale solar power generation devices on the top of buildings, which not only saves electricity but is also beneficial to environmental protection. In Europe, about 1/2 of energy consumption is used for the construction and operation of buildings, while transportation energy consumption only accounts for 1/4 of energy consumption. Therefore, the use of solar energy in buildings has become a cause strongly advocated by the governments of developed countries. Solar energy The combination of utilization facilities and buildings is naturally a matter of concern to people, mainly the combination of photovoltaic utilization of solar energy and buildings.
The integration of solar energy and building has its unique characteristics: first, the utilization of solar energy is integrated into the overall design of the environment, integrating architecture, technology and aesthetics. Solar energy facilities become part of the building and are organically interconnected. Combined, it replaces the structural impact of traditional solar energy; secondly, the use of solar energy facilities completely replaces or partially replaces the roof covering layer, which can reduce costs and improve efficiency; thirdly, it can be used for flat roofs and pitched roofs, and is generally used for flat roofs. Covering type, and inlaid type for sloped roofs. Fourth, this technology is a comprehensive technology involving solar energy utilization, construction, fluid distribution and other technical fields. In addition, a flat-roof solar and building-integrated heated water swimming pool has been built in Kunming, Yunnan. The swimming pool has a roof area of ??about 700 square meters. The roof structure is a light steel grid structure, and the roof covering is entirely made of special solar panels. collector instead. This is my country's first experimental project to integrate solar energy and buildings on a flat roof. A recent survey report by the United Nations Energy Agency shows that the integration of solar energy and buildings will become a market hot spot in the 21st century and a highlight of the building energy-saving market in the 21st century.
2. The development direction of solar energy and building integration
Currently, building air temperature adjustment consumes a lot of energy. In our country, it accounts for about 70% of the total energy consumption of buildings. Using air conditioners and burning coal to control room temperature not only consumes energy and causes external environmental pollution, but also does not bring a healthy environment to indoor residents. When it comes to using solar energy for heating, except for some demonstration buildings of passive solar houses, which are relatively expensive, they have not been adopted on a large scale. Active solar energy supply is far from suitable for my country's economic development due to its higher cost. Therefore, the idea of ??combining active and passive building energy supply and the unit idea of ??combining solar energy with conventional energy, using the coordination and intersection of different solutions according to the function of the room, can greatly reduce the one-time investment and operation of solar energy for building functions. cost, making the entire solution feasible in a commercial sense.
The unsteadiness of solar energy supply equipment and its dependence on meteorological conditions and irradiation conditions require us to accurately predict the building energy load in order to match the equipment with the building. Make the best choice for equipment investment and energy saving benefits.
The prediction method and prediction software CFD/NHT of indoor temperature and air flow in buildings is the theoretical and application basis for the combination of solar energy and buildings. It is also another major aspect of building air conditioning in the world. However, my country's current level and number of people engaged in this aspect are still insufficient. Far behind the world's advanced countries. In contemporary times, the development of solar energy and architecture must have certain strategies to adapt to it. One is the comprehensive utilization of mature passive solar energy technology and modern solar photovoltaic and photothermal technology; the other is the maintenance structure technology of thermal insulation and natural ventilation and lighting. The organic combination of sunshade technology; the third is the integration of traditional building structures and modern technologies and concepts; the fourth is the balance between the initial investment in the building and the investment in the life cycle; the fifth is the penetration of ecologically driven design concepts into conventional architectural design; the sixth is comprehensive consideration Regional climate characteristics, economic development, architectural characteristics and people's living habits and other related factors.
Considering factors such as social progress, technological development and economic capacity, in the planning, architectural design, use, maintenance and renovation of buildings, buildings that actively and passively utilize solar energy are collectively referred to as solar buildings. . In the field of solar buildings in my country, the most mature technology, the widest application range, and the fastest industrialization development are household solar water heaters. In Kunming, Yunnan, Luliang and other places, on the roofs of some villa-style buildings, flat-panel solar collectors are tried to be embedded on the sloped roofs with tile roofs, and the hot water tanks are hidden in the attics of the sloped roofs, making the solar water heaters and The building is organically combined and the appearance is relatively beautiful, but there are fewer buildings suitable for this type of structure, and its promotion and application are limited. The multifunctional leisure pavilion integrates solar water heaters, photovoltaic panels and cooling and leisure functions. The streamlined design is both beautiful and reduces the wind force and load-bearing load of the pavilion structure. The beautiful shape adds a beautiful scenery to the roof, buildings and surrounding environment, creating A unique and beautiful rooftop garden has become a model that integrates architectural aesthetics, garden design and humanistic cultural connotations. It has a simple and flexible structure and is easy to install, allowing it to naturally integrate with courtyards, swimming pools, gardens and other places. As one body.
On November 26, 2009, China officially announced that by 2020, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP would be reduced by 40-45% compared with 2005. China's firm commitment to reduce emissions by 40% at this moment has not only won unanimous praise from the international community. Solar integrated buildings will surely become popular and become an important part of low-carbon life.
If the building was not integrated with solar energy before, it can be retrofitted now. Generally, the websites of companies in this industry have detailed information, so you can learn it yourself.
I know that there is Shengyang Solar Energy, which is more technically advanced.
If you still don’t understand anything, you can add me on QQ: 1061771731. Thank you for paying attention to energy conservation and participating in energy conservation!