Swine influenza, known as swine influenza, is an acute, infectious respiratory organ disease in pigs. It is characterized by sudden onset, coughing, dyspnea, fever and rapid regression. Swine influenza is a respiratory disease caused by viruses in pigs. Swine influenza is caused by the swine influenza A virus, and outbreaks usually occur among pigs. It is highly contagious but usually does not cause death. It is highly prevalent in the fall and winter, but can be spread throughout the year. Swine flu is a respiratory disease of swine caused by the swine influenza A virus, which can cause influenza outbreaks in swine herds. Typically humans are rarely infected with swine flu viruses.
[edit]Symptoms of swine influenza in pigs and its prevention and control
Diagnostic PointsEpidemic CharacteristicsSwine of all ages, sexes and breeds are susceptible to this virus. The epidemiology of the disease has obvious seasonality, the weather is changeable in late fall, early spring and cold winter easy to occur. The disease spreads rapidly and is often endemic or pandemic. The incidence of the disease is high and the mortality rate is low (4%-10%). Sick pigs and pigs with poison are the source of infection of swine influenza, after the disease is cured pigs with poison for 6 to 8 weeks.
Clinical characteristics of the disease incubation period is very short, a few hours to a few days, the natural onset of an average of 4 days. At the beginning of the disease, the body temperature of the sick pig suddenly rises 40.3 ℃ ~ 41.5 ℃, anorexia or loss of appetite, extreme weakness and even defecation, often lying on the ground. Shortness of breath, abdominal breathing, paroxysmal cough. Mucus from the eyes and nose, nasal discharge sometimes with blood. Sick pigs lie huddled together, difficult to move, touch muscle stiffness, pain, diaphragmatic spasm, respiratory staccato, generally called hiccups. If there is secondary infection, the disease is aggravated and fibrinous hemorrhagic pneumonia or enteritis occurs. Sows are infected during pregnancy and give birth to piglets that are very sick 2-5 days after delivery, and some die during lactation and around weaning.
The pathological changes of swine influenza are mainly in the respiratory organs. Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchial tubes of the mucous membrane congestion, swelling, the surface is covered with viscous liquid, small bronchial tubes and fine bronchial tubes filled with foam-like exudate. The thoracic and pericardial cavities accumulate large quantities of plasma mixed with fibrin. The lesions of the lungs often occurred in the dorsal and basal parts of the acinar, cardiac, intermediate, and diaphragmatic lobes, which were clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues, and were reddish to purplish in color, collapsed, firm, and leathery in toughness, with enlarged spleens, and enlarged and juicy cervical lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes, and bronchial lymph nodes.
The identification of class symptoms Because influenza in pigs may not always appear in a typical form and is similar to other respiratory diseases, clinical diagnosis can only be hypothetical. In the fall or early winter, the occurrence of respiratory disease in the herd can be suspected of swine influenza.
The outbreak of upper respiratory syndrome, including conjunctivitis, sneezing and coughing, and low mortality can distinguish swine influenza from other upper respiratory diseases in pigs, and in the differential diagnosis, attention should be paid to the difference between porcine asthma and this disease, which are most easily confused.
Control measures for this disease no effective vaccine and special treatment, the important thing is good care and keep the pig house clean, dry, warm, no thief wind attack. Supply sufficient clean water, the first few days of recovery, feed to limit the supply. Do not harass or move sick pigs in the onset of the disease to reduce stress deaths .
The swine influenza is characterized by a sudden onset, spreading rapidly throughout the herd, the main symptom is upper respiratory tract infection, usually occurring in the winter and spring seasons as well as sudden changes in the climate, the disease is also often secondary to porcine parahaemophilic bacillus disease.
Clinical symptoms and pathological changes
The incidence of the disease is high, the incubation period is 2 to 7 days, the course of the disease is about 1 week. At the beginning of the disease, the sick pig suddenly develops a fever, loses its spirit, loses its appetite or loses its appetite, often lies down horizontally and is reluctant to move, has difficulty in breathing, coughs violently, and has mucus coming out of its eyes and nose. If the treatment is not timely in the morbidity period, it is easy to complicate bronchitis, pneumonia and pleurisy, etc., increasing the death rate of pigs.
The sick pig body temperature rises up to 40 ℃ ~ 41.5 ℃, depressed, loss of appetite or not eat, muscle pain, unwilling to stand, eyes and nose with mucus outflow, conjunctival congestion, individual pigs breathing difficulties, wheezing, coughing, abdominal respiration, there is a canine sitting posture, the night can be heard in the sick pig asthma sound, individual pigs joint pain, especially good fat pig disease is more serious.
An autopsy reveals that the larynx, trachea and bronchial tubes are filled with mucus containing air bubbles, the mucous membranes are congested and swollen, sometimes mixed with blood, the interstitium of the lungs is widened, the lymph nodes are enlarged and congested, the spleen is enlarged, the gastrointestinal mucous membranes are filled with cathartic hemorrhagic inflammation, and the thoracic and abdominal cavities and pericardial cavities accumulate fluids that contain cellulose substances.
Epidemic characteristics Pigs of all ages, sexes and breeds are susceptible to this virus. The epidemiology of the disease has obvious seasonality, the weather changeable late fall, early spring and cold winter easy to occur. The disease spreads rapidly and is often endemic or pandemic. The incidence of this disease is high and the mortality rate is low (4%-10%). Sick pigs and pigs with poison is the source of infection of swine influenza, after the disease is cured pigs with poison for 6 to 8 weeks.
Clinical features The incubation period of the disease is very short, from a few hours to a few days, the natural onset of an average of 4 days. At the beginning of the disease, the temperature of the sick pig suddenly rises to 40.3-41.5℃, anorexia or loss of appetite, extreme weakness or even collapse, often lying on the ground. Shortness of breath, abdominal breathing, paroxysmal cough. Mucus from the eyes and nose, nasal discharge sometimes with blood. Sick pigs lie huddled together, difficult to move, touch muscle stiffness, pain, diaphragmatic spasm, respiratory staccato, generally called this hiccups. If there is secondary infection, the disease is aggravated and fibrinous hemorrhagic pneumonia or enteritis occurs. Sows are infected during pregnancy and farrowed piglets are very sick 2 to 5 days after farrowing, and some die during lactation and around weaning.
Pathological changes The pathological changes of swine influenza are mainly in the respiratory organs. Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchial tube mucous membrane congestion, swelling, the surface covered with viscous liquid, small bronchial tubes and fine bronchial tubes filled with foam-like exudate. The thoracic and pericardial cavities accumulate large quantities of plasma mixed with fibrin. The lesions in the lungs often occurred on the dorsal and basal parts of the acral, cardiac, interlobar, and diaphragmatic lobes, and were clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues, ranging from reddish to purplish in color, collapsed, firm, and leathery in toughness, with enlarged spleens, and enlarged and juicy cervical lymph nodes, mediastinal lymph nodes, and bronchial lymph nodes.
As of April 27, 2009 Mexico suspected infection deaths 81 diagnosis
Based on the onset of the disease, clinical symptoms and pathological changes, can be initially diagnosed that the herd of pigs for influenza secondary to porcine parvovirus disease.
Control measures
I.
1. Strengthen feeding management, improve the nutritional requirements of the herd, clean the environment hygiene at regular intervals, and carry out timely isolation and treatment for pigs that have been sick.
2. Qingkailing injection + lincomycin hydrochloride injection + strong amoxicillin, according to 0.2 ml ~ 0.5 ml per kg body weight, mixed intramuscular injection, once a day, for 3 days.
3. Mix anti-virus I powder (400kg material/bag) + strong amoxicillin 300ppm in feed, mix well. Mix the feed continuously for 10 days; at the same time, add electrolytic multivitamin in drinking water. After taking the above treatment measures, the disease was quickly controlled, and the whole herd returned to health after 3 days.
4. The Chinese medicine Thorny Prevention and Septicidal Dispersion is effective in preventing swine influenza.
2.
1. timely isolation, pens, feeding utensils should be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, leftover materials and water buried or pollution-free treatment, in the pig's ration by adding 0.05% of the morpholino guanidinium hydrochloride (viral spirit) feeding for 1 week.
2. 250 grams of mung beans, Chaihu, Banlangen 100 grams, decoction of 10 kilograms of water to drink pigs, has a good preventive effect.
Treatment
The sick pig should be treated symptomatically to prevent secondary infection. It can be used as follows: 15% morpholine guanidine hydrochloride (virus spirit) injection, according to the weight of the pig with 25 mg per kg, intramuscular injection, 2 times a day, for 2 days. 30% anakinra injection, according to the weight of the pig with 30 mg per kg, intramuscular injection, 2 times a day, for 2 days. If the whole group is infected, use traditional Chinese medicine to feed. Traditional Chinese medicine prescription: Jingwu, honeysuckle, big green leaves, Chaihu, Pueraria lobata, Huangling, Mutong, Panax quinquefolium, licorice, dry ginger 25 to 50 grams each (each head count, weight 50 kg or so), dry the medicine, crushed into a fine noodle, mixed into the feed feed to feed the service, such as the lack of appetite, can be decocted soup to feed the service, generally 1 dose of the healing process, and then served on the 2nd day, if necessary, 1 dose.
Swine influenza caused by swine influenza virus, more sudden onset, body temperature of 40-41.℃, respiratory distress, coughing, eyes and nose outflow of plasma liquid, within a week to recover. Treatment: ① Bairdine injection 4-6ml intramuscular injection; or Anacin injection 4-1Oml intramuscular injection, once a day. ② yeast tablets 20-60 tablets, artificial salt 10-30g, *** research into the end mixed into the feed feed, once a day, for three days.
The swine disease is due to climate change, livestock owners feedlot enclosure is simple, low level of feeding management, resulting in the occurrence of swine influenza, and at the same time due to the condition of a little longer, so that the sick pigs secondary infection of porcine parvovirus disease. This disease should be strengthened feeding management, regular disinfection, early detection of affected pigs, early treatment, and according to the course of medication.
[edit]Symptoms and prevention of human swine influenza
Symptoms of human swine influenza Symptoms of human swine influenza are similar to those of colds and flu, with patients experiencing fever, coughing, fatigue, and loss of appetite. In terms of prevention, at this stage there is no need to pile up to get vaccinated against human influenza, because the vaccine against seasonal influenza is not effective in preventing swine flu. The right thing to do is to develop good personal hygiene habits, adequate sleep, exercise, reduce stress, adequate nutrition; wash your hands regularly, especially after contact with public **** items to wash your hands before touching your eyes, nose and mouth; sneezing and coughing should be used to cover the mouth and nose; indoor ventilation and so on.
U.S. CDC officials pointed out on April 23, 2009, preliminary studies have detected the pandemic swine influenza virus is influenza A virus, carrying the H1N1 subtype swine influenza virus strains, including avian influenza, swine influenza and human influenza three influenza viruses of the deoxyribonucleic acid gene fragments, and at the same time have the characteristics of Asian swine influenza and African swine influenza viruses. Medical tests have shown that current mainstream antiviral drugs are effective against this strain.
Because of the following reasons: the human cases of influenza have been linked to animal influenza viruses, and the virus responsible for the outbreak has been confirmed in the laboratory to be the swine influenza virus subtype A/H1N1, a new swine influenza virus that has not been seen in humans or pigs before; the human swine influenza outbreaks are occurring in multiple neighborhoods; and the illnesses have occurred mostly among young adults, not among elderly people and people who are susceptible to the seasonal influenza virus. The outbreaks are very similar to human avian influenza in that most of the people affected are young adults rather than the susceptible populations of seasonal influenza - the elderly and children. However, the influenza virus from infection to the onset of illness generally have three to five days, and the port of entry health quarantine for patients in the incubation period can not be 100% intercepted. Therefore, those who have recently returned from the above areas should seek immediate medical attention at fever clinics if they develop fever symptoms. Those who will be traveling to Mexico and the United States should take personal precautions.
How the disease spreads among peopleCauses:
A respiratory infection caused by the swine flu virus, which causes flu-like symptoms in humans.
Symptoms:
Similar to the flu, fever, cough, fatigue, and loss of appetite occur.
Fast spread:
The body has no natural antibodies to the new mutated virus.
Mode of transmission:
Sneezing, coughing, and physical contact can cause the new swine flu virus to spread between people.
Susceptible Population:
The majority of people diagnosed as dying from swine flu virus infection are between the ages of 25 and 45, and those infected with the virus are also predominantly young adults rather than the elderly and children.
Prevention:
Practice good personal hygiene by getting enough sleep, exercising regularly, washing your hands regularly and keeping the house ventilated.
Treatment:
Effective with Tamiflu (Oseltamivir) in the early stages of infection.
How people become infected with swine flu:
It may be through contact with infected hogs or exposure to environments infected with swine flu viruses, or through contact with people infected with swine flu viruses. Symptoms of human infection with swine flu are similar to those of the common human flu, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue, and in some cases diarrhea and vomiting, and in severe cases, secondary pneumonia and respiratory failure, or even death. Mortality rate of human swine influenza:
The mortality rate of swine influenza is 6.77%, which is higher than that of general influenza, and there are two main reasons for its high lethality rate: first, the virus is fierce; second, the people do not pay attention to the new disease at the beginning, thinking that it is a common cold, and many of them take some medicines casually on their own and miss the optimal treatment period of the first 72 hours of the onset of the disease.
Personal protection measures include:
Avoid contact with respiratory patients with flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) or pneumonia; pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing; avoid contact with pigs or going to places where there are pigs; avoid going to places where there are crowds of people; cover your mouth and nose with a tissue paper when coughing or sneezing, and then dispose of it in the trash; if there is an outbreak of flu outside of the country, use a tissue paper to cover your mouth and nose, and then dispose of it in the trash. garbage cans; if flu-like symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, etc.) occur outside the country, seek medical attention immediately (wear a mask when seeking medical attention) and explain to the local public ****health organization and inspection and quarantine department.
[edit]Swine flu epidemic Q&A
Human infection with swine flu pathway and symptoms 1, what is swine flu?
Swine flu is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by swine influenza virus, which occurs frequently in pigs but rarely leads to death.
2. Can people get swine flu?
Usually, humans are rarely infected with swine flu virus. However, in recent years, some human cases of swine flu have been found, and most of the patients are people who have had direct contact with sick pigs, such as breeders.
3. Can swine flu virus be transmitted between people?
There have been confirmed cases of interpersonal transmission of swine influenza virus, which is similar to seasonal influenza, usually through coughing and sneezing of infected people.
4. How do people get infected?
People usually get swine flu from infected pigs; however, some cases do not have contact with pigs, or the environment in which they have been present. To some extent, human-to-human contact can lead to transmission, but it is limited to close contact and closed groups of people.
5. Can I get infected by eating pork?
There is no evidence that swine flu is caused by eating properly prepared pork or pork products. The CDC points out that heating pork to 71 degrees Celsius kills the swine flu virus, and people will not be infected with swine flu from eating pork or swine products.
6. What are the symptoms of swine flu?
World Health Organization experts said the symptoms of swine flu are similar to other flu symptoms, such as high fever, coughing, malaise and anorexia. There are also reports that the main manifestations of the cases found in the United States are sudden onset of fever, cough, muscle pain and fatigue, and some of the patients also have symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting; and that the cases found in Mexico also have symptoms such as red eyes, headache and runny nose.
7. Is the Mexican swine flu the same as the U.S. swine flu?
The CDC confirmed that the swine flu virus that killed dozens of people in Mexico and sickened dozens of people in the United States are A/H1N1, a new mutated strain.
8. What are the characteristics of this swine flu outbreak?
The WHO emphasized that, while children and the elderly are usually more susceptible to influenza viruses, most of the swine flu infections found in Mexico have been among young people.
9. Are there any effective drugs for treating swine flu in humans?
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said there are no specific drugs for human swine influenza, and there are four types of anti-influenza drugs that are commonly used, but the clinic shows that this mutated virus is resistant to two of them.
There are two classes of drugs, 1) adamantanes (adamantanes and remantadine), and 2) neuraminidase inhibitors of influenza (Tamiflu oseltamivir and zanamivir zanamivir).
Most previous cases of swine flu have been reported as complete recoveries with no need for medical attention or antiviral drugs.
Some influenza viruses develop resistance to antiviral drugs, limiting the effectiveness of treatment. Recent human cases of swine flu virus infection obtained from the United States were sensitive to Tamiflu and zanamivir-resistant amantadine, but resistant to amantadine and remantadine.
Information is not sufficiently available to recommend antiviral agents for the treatment of swine flu virus infection. Clinicians must evaluate the patient based on his or her clinical and physiologic condition and consider the possible positive and negative effects of treatment. In the United States and Mexico, where outbreaks of swine influenza virus are ongoing, treatment with oseltamivir or zanamivir is recommended by state and local authorities in the virus susceptibility manual.
10.Is there a vaccine against swine flu?
The CDC says there is only an anti-swine flu vaccine for swine, not yet one specifically for humans. As it stands now, the common anti-influenza vaccine has no significant effect on human resistance to swine flu.
11. What can I do to protect myself from patients infected with swine flu?
To protect yourself, you can use general influenza prevention measures:
Avoid close contact with people who are experiencing symptoms of malaise, fever and cough. Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water. Practice good hygiene, including getting enough sleep, eating nutritious food, and staying physically active.If there is a sick person in the home:
Try to provide the sick person with a separate room in the house. If this is not possible, keep the patient at least 1 meter away from other people. Cover your mouth and nose when caring for the sick person. Masks can be purchased for sale or made from disposed or properly treated readily available materials. Wash your hands thoroughly with water and soap after every contact with the patient. Try to improve air circulation in the area where the patient lives. Utilize doors and windows through doors and windows to take advantage of the wind. Keep the environment clean and make household cleaners readily available.12. What should I do if I think I have swine flu?
If you feel sick with a high fever, cough and/or sore throat:
Stay home from work, school or crowds if possible. Rest and drink enough fluids. Cover your mouth and nose with disposable tissues when coughing and sneezing, and dispose of used tissues appropriately. Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water, especially when coughing or sneezing. Inform family and friends of your illness, seek help from others, and make contact with others such as shoppers on your behalf.If you need medical attention:
Contact your doctor or health care provider, then go to the clinic and report your symptoms. Explain why you think you have swine flu (e.g., recently traveled to a country where there was a swine flu outbreak in the population). Treat yourself according to the advice he provides. If it is not possible to communicate with your healthcare provider in advance, immediately go to the healthcare facility and communicate that you are changing clothes about having swine flu. Take care to cover your nose and mouth while traveling.[edit]History of swine flu outbreaks
The 1918 Spanish Flu, an H1N1 virus, first hit Australia in 1917 and affected many parts of the world, including Europe, the Arctic Ocean, and the Pacific. The death toll is estimated at 50 million.
H1 Swine Flu Virus Evolutionary Timeline 1976 U.S. Swine Flu, a variant of the 1918 H1N1 virus. 25 deaths. But the flu created a crisis in public **** health management for the then Ford administration. The Ford administration's goal of covering all Americans vaccine program covered only 24 percent of the U.S. population by its midpoint.
In February 1976 an outbreak of influenza caused by a swine (H1N1) subtype strain occurred in a boot camp at Fort Dix, N.J. About 200 people were infected, and one died. At that time, President Ford wanted to be re-elected, personally approved $135 million to prepare the swine flu vaccine for universal immunization, while other countries are wait-and-see attitude, the results of the United States speculation error, the vaccine also ended up with the failure, which led to a lot of dissent and litigation. Ford approved this risky program for his presidential campaign, and pig farms protested, wanting to change the swine flu to the New Jersey flu to avoid residents talking about pigs. This flu and pathogenetic analyses show that the swine flu virus is transmitted directly from pigs to people.
In the past, human cases of swine influenza virus infection were rare, and swine influenza viruses are usually not transmitted between people.
From December 2005 to January 2009, the United States has found only 12 cases of swine influenza infection in humans, of which 11 people have had direct contact with pigs.
Swine flu in the Philippines in 2007. The mortality rate was 10 percent of those infected.
The vast majority of patients in the United States and Mexico did not come into contact with pigs in April 2009, when a large outbreak of swine flu hit Mexico, and the Mexican government has ruled out the possibility of contracting the virus from eating pork at this stage. The virus has been shown to spread via human-to-human forms. When it comes to human-to-human transmission, scientists point out that sneezing, coughing and physical contact can cause the new swine flu virus to spread among people.
Michael Osterhjem of the University of Minnesota, a leading U.S. influenza expert, said on April 24, 2009, that the influenza virus spreads at an alarming rate, and that by the time people find out about the emergence of the virus, they may have already missed the best time to control the spread of "this new virus. Michael Osterhjem fears that recent travelers to and from Mexico City's international airport may have arrived around the world with the virus.
[Edit paragraph] 2009 swine flu epidemic dynamics
Epidemic map of China's Ministry of Health, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Health said on April 25, 2009, the Ministry of Health received the World Health Organization notification, the United States and Mexico, the occurrence of human infection with A/H1N1 swine flu epidemic. In this regard, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and other relevant departments attach great importance to and pay close attention to.
The Ministry of Health and other departments are organizing experts to analyze the virus sequence, the impact of the epidemic to study, research to deal with imported cases of entry-exit inspection and quarantine and other preventive and control measures to improve the relevant prevention and control plans; and pay close attention to the progress of the epidemic, and to strengthen the contact with the World Health Organization, the U.S. and Mexican governments, tracking the outbreak and epidemic prevention and control of the further details of the epidemic development trend in accordance with the
According to the World Health Organization, the human A/H1N1 swine influenza epidemic has occurred in the United States and Mexico. Since March 18, 2009, Mexico flu-like cases are on the rise. As of April 24, Mexico has occurred in three outbreaks, *** reported cases of 882 cases, 62 deaths, the case fatality rate of 7%, most of the cases for the young and middle-aged population. Meanwhile, the U.S. reported 7 confirmed cases and 9 suspected cases with mild symptoms and no deaths. According to preliminary results of laboratory testing, the swine flu A/H1N1 virus that caused the outbreak has not been detected in pigs or humans in the past.
It is understood that the symptoms of human infection with swine flu are similar to those of a cold, with patients experiencing fever, cough, fatigue and loss of appetite. In terms of prevention, Xu Ruiheng believes that at this stage there is no need to pile up to get vaccinated against human influenza, because the prevention of seasonal influenza vaccine is not effective in preventing swine flu. The right thing to do is to develop good personal hygiene habits, adequate sleep, exercise, reduce stress, adequate nutrition; wash your hands regularly, especially after contact with public **** items to wash your hands before touching your eyes, nose and mouth; sneezing and coughing should be used to cover the mouth and nose; indoor ventilation and so on.
[edit]Similarities and differences between swine flu, avian flu and SARS:
Transmission pathways are different; avian flu has not yet been found to be transmitted between people, but only from birds to people; SARS has been confirmed to exist between people; swine flu now seems highly likely to exist in two ways of spreading, i.e., pigs infected with people, and further spread between people.
The cause of death is the same, and all three diseases present with similar symptoms of influenza, including coughing, sore throat, runny nose, fever and so on, with severe cases of pneumonia leading to intractable respiratory failure and death.
The lack of effective treatment is also a ****similarity between the three.
Swine flu spread
Currently. 149 suspected cases have died in Mexico. And the Chinese embassy in Mexico has not received any examples of Chinese people being infected
[edit]Misconceptions about swine flu
The virus is a hybrid that concentrates the characteristics of swine flu viruses, human flu viruses and avian flu viruses. Although the swine flu virus plays a role in it, it is inaccurate to simply name the flu that is currently emerging as swine flu.
As of now, the virus only attacks humans and spreads from person to person, and has not been found in animals such as pigs. And in Mexico, some people living in cities have been infected who had no direct contact with the animals, which again suggests that the virus is not spreading directly from animals to people. Therefore, if the disease is to be prevented, the only way to start is with people, by stopping patients from having contact with healthy people.
There is a big difference between the so-called swine flu and bird flu, which are two completely different viruses and attack and spread differently. Bird flu, which has infected millions of birds and killed about 200 people over a four-year period, has a relatively low human mortality rate, he said, so it is ultimately an animal disease and rarely spreads from person to person.
All that can be done now is to find out as quickly as possible where this flu virus came from. What is certain, though, is that it is clearly inaccurate to refer to the current flu as swine flu, because true swine flu is rarely transmitted to humans.