Steam sterilization should be carried out at the place of generation or disinfected by other means and then collected and treated as infectious waste as follows:
1. High-pressure steam sterilization
High-pressure steam sterilization, using high temperature and high pressure sterilization, not only kills the general Bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms, germ cells, spores also have the effect of killing, is the most reliable, the most widely used physical sterilization method. Mainly used for items that can withstand high temperatures, such as culture media, metal instruments, glass, enamel, dressings, rubber and some drugs sterilization.
High-pressure steam sterilizer types and styles, such as: under the exhaust pressure steam sterilizer is commonly used sterilization equipment, the pressure rises to 103.4kPa (1.05kg/cm2), the temperature reaches 121.3 ° C, maintained for 15 ~ 30 minutes, can achieve the purpose of sterilization. Pulsating vacuum pressure steam sterilizer has become the most advanced sterilization equipment.
2. Classification
High-pressure sterilizers have two major categories: one is the more advanced program-controlled pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilizers, developed countries abroad have been used. The sterilizer is equipped with an extractor, used to pass into the steam before the first vacuum, to facilitate steam penetration. It has the advantages of short sterilization time and slight damage to the goods, in the goods placed in the crowded and overlapping situation can still be achieved sterilization, and even covered containers can also be sterilized.
The whole sterilization process adopts program control, which saves manpower and is stable and reliable. Domestic recently put into production JWZK-I2A program-controlled pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilization cabinet, good performance. Sterilization of the lowest vacuum for 8.0kPa, the highest temperature of 132 to 136 ℃.
The other is now widely used under the exhaust type autoclave, the lower part of which is equipped with exhaust holes to discharge the internal cold air. There are portable, vertical and horizontal types. Portable is a small sterilizer, full weight of about 12kg.
Vertical is the old autoclave, the use of water about 16L. As for the horizontal autoclave can handle a large number of items, the most commonly used. There are two types of structure: single-casement and double-casement. The latter has two doors, front and back, respectively, for putting in and taking out items.