How to choose elderly care
Elderly care is more than entrusting one's loved ones to the care of an institution!
Elderly care is not just about taking care of your loved ones yourself!
Elderly, is to respect the wishes of their loved ones, to provide their enjoyment of the appropriate form of elderly service recommendations, and can effectively alleviate the pressure of support and the benefits of their physical and mental combination of the choice of a supply of services.
Nowadays, the elderly service industry is developing rapidly, the elderly institutions such as the construction of the growing; the relevant government departments issued relevant regulations, policies, standards and norms. The focus on "old age" can help you choose the right old age service for your loved ones, and relieve yourself of the obligation to support them effectively. How to choose "old age", will be elaborated from the following four parts:
Part I Forms of old age service:
According to the composition of China's old age service system (and "9073" old age pattern), medical services and old age service In accordance with the composition of China's elderly service system (and the "9073" pattern), the combination of medical services and elderly service model, the form of elderly service is divided into three categories: home care, community care and institutional care.
Home care (based on the provision of elderly services to 90% of the elderly):
This refers to living at home, and requires a series of services such as cleaning, maintenance, home (hospital) care, travel accompaniment and so on, which can be provided by the elderly service organizations, institutions and other services. Usually, you can call the "12349 (organization)" service hotline.
Community Aged Care (as the basis for the provision of aged care services for the 7% elderly):
Mainly, the government invested in the construction of the community (village) in the community day care centers for the elderly for daytime leisure and entertainment, spiritual and cultural services, lunchtime rest, meals and other services for the elderly (rural mutual welfare homes). Day care services are available (no overnight stays).
Institutionalized elderly care (as a supplement to provide elderly care services to 3% of the elderly):
Mainly refers to the elderly concentrated in their institutions, providing services such as entry and exit, life care, meals, sanitation, washing, medical care, cultural recreation and tranquility. Such as homes for the elderly, nursing homes, hospitals + nursing homes and other institutions.
The above three forms of senior care services, the specific services provided are subject to local conditions.
Part II Legitimate professionalized, standardized and standardized senior care institutions usually have the following conditions:
1, Documentation:
(1) Institutional qualifications: License for Establishment of Nursing Institutions, Food Business License (to provide food and beverage services), License for Medical Institutions (to establish medical institutions within);
(2) Practitioners' vocational qualifications, technical training certificates category: elderly caregivers (now abolished vocational qualification certification), social workers and other relevant vocational qualification certificates;
(3) Practitioners' health certificates.
2, assessment and evaluation category:
(1) "Elderly ability assessment" (and the elderly admission assessment);
(2) "Service Satisfaction Assessment" (should be carried out no less than once a year).
It is appropriate to invite (entrust) relevant experts or third-party professional organizations to evaluate or assess. Elderly ability assessment should be carried out in a timely manner according to the changes in the ability of the elderly, in order to provide the corresponding level of care services (the assessment results are usually four levels of complete ability, mild incapacity, moderate incapacity and severe incapacity).
3, Service Management:
(1) Meal Management: Recipes are adjusted and filed on a weekly basis; food samples are recorded and stored for not less than 48 hours;
(2) Service Records: Records of living care, medical care and other services;
(3) Information Disclosure: Including, but not limited to, service qualifications, departmental setups, professionals, main service items and fee rates. Qualification, main service items and charges, complaint acceptance, etc.;
(4) Elderly caregiver allocation: the ratio of elderly caregivers to elderly residents in nursing institutions is about 1:2.5 for heavy care; 1:6.6 for medium care; and 1:12 for light care (Shanghai local standard "Requirements for facilities and services of elderly care institutions" (DB31/T685- 2013)). 2013)).
(5) Safety management category: it should be in line with MZ/T 032-2012 Safety Management of Nursing Institutions. Such as equipment and facility safety, food safety, fire safety, medical care safety, personal safety, property safety, information security and other requirements.
(6) file management category: the service process record-keeping should be not less than 3 years; elderly health records not less than 5 years after their discharge.
4, institutional environment and equipment and facilities:
(1) floor area: the elderly care home building density should not be greater than 30 ﹪, the floor area ratio should not be greater than 0.8 ﹪. Comprehensive building area should not be less than 27 square meters / bed, day care center building area should not be less than 15 square meters / bed.
(2) Bedroom use area: should be not less than 6 square meters / bed, and single room should be not less than 10 square meters, double room should be not less than 16 square meters. The number of beds in each care unit is appropriate for 50 beds (dementia elderly people should be set up independently, and the size of 10 beds is appropriate).
(3) basic equipment: including life care, medical, rehabilitation, security equipment.
Taking 100 beds in the elderly care home as an example: life care equipment including nursing beds, air mattress beds, special bath beds (chairs); medical equipment including rescue beds, oxygen cylinders, sterile cabinets, phlegm suction, ultraviolet lamps; rehabilitation equipment including physiotherapy equipment and occupational therapy equipment; security equipment including monitoring, positioning, calling, computers and networks, video and audio recorders.
(4) Barrier-free facilities: including but not limited to barrier-free entrances and exits, safety handrails, barrier-free restrooms, and non-slip floors.
(5) safe equipment and facilities category: set up in accordance with fire safety, electrical safety, gas safety, special equipment safety, fitness equipment safety, building safety, safety signs, monitoring equipment and other safety requirements.
Part III enjoy community care, institutional care should be submitted
(a) institutional care:
Not belonging to the elderly suffering from mental illness, Category A or B infectious diseases and other diseases that do not qualify for admission to the elderly care institutions, the elderly should fill out and submit the following information and sign the summer service contract:
1, the elderly, the guardian, the C-party identity card and household register Copies;
Copy of the legal registration documents of party C (unit) with official seal and contact information.
2, "Physical Examination Report";
"Physical Examination Report" of the physical examination conducted in the hospital of Grade 2A or above where the proposed institution is located within one month prior to the signing of the agreement (the physical examination items include: mental health status, infectious diseases and other physical examination items required by the institution, etc.).
Based on the National Basic Public **** Health Service Program, the more comprehensive health checkups for the elderly include general physical examination and auxiliary examination (free of charge once a year for elderly people aged 65 and above).
General Physical Examination: Measurement of body temperature, pulse, blood pressure, height, weight, and routine examination of the skin, superficial lymph nodes, heart, lungs, and abdomen, as well as a cursory judgment of the oral cavity, eyesight, hearing, and motor function.
Auxiliary tests: routine blood, routine urine, fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, liver function (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin), renal function (serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen), electrocardiogram, and black-and-white ultrasound of the abdomen.
3, fill out the "Health Status Self-Statement";
4, medical history records;
5, "Elderly Ability Evaluation Report";
6, reserve funds;
7, should be no less than one health checkup per year for the elderly;
8, should be purchased for the elderly with the accidental injury insurance for the elderly;
9, should regularly visit and keep in touch with the elderly.
Matters needing clarification:
(1), Party B of the service contract is the elderly.
(2), the guardian of party B: belonging to the limited ability to act or incapable of civil behavior of the elderly people staying must have.
(3), Party C: is as a payment obligation, joint and several liability guarantor, contact person, agent or other of the elderly residents.
The guardian (C) shall be the person authorized by the elderly person or all of his/her children *** with the commissioner or other legal obligation to support. A written statement or power of attorney is usually required.
(B) community care
Elderly people entering the community day care center for the elderly should submit the following information:
First time to enter, should be submitted to the elderly ID card and a copy of the hukou book, a copy of the identity card of the emergency contact person and fill out the "basic information on the elderly registration form", "community day care center for the elderly service application form".
Each time you enter, you should sign the "Elderly Persons Entry and Exit Registration Form" and the "Elderly Persons Record of the Day's Condition".
Part IV Residential Building Design Code for the Elderly (Abstract)
This standard is the residential building design code for the elderly, and has been implemented since July 1, 2017 (can be used as a reference for home care remodeling).
6.4 Kitchen
6.4.1 The area of the kitchen shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The area of the kitchen of the elderly residential suite of bedrooms, living rooms (halls), kitchens and bathrooms shall not be less than 4.5 square meters;
2 The area of the kitchen of the elderly residential suite of bedrooms, kitchens and bathrooms shall not be less than 4.0 square meters;
2 The kitchen of the elderly residential suite of bedrooms, kitchens and bathrooms. The kitchen area should not be less than 4.0 square meters.
6.4.2 Suitable for seated operation of the kitchen countertop height should not be greater than 0.75m, the net height of the space under the counter should not be less than 0.65m, and the net depth should not be less than 0.30m.
6.4.3 Configuration of the gas cooker, should be used with an automatic flame failure protection device of the gas stove.
6.4.4 The length of the kitchen operating platform should not be less than 2.1m, electric cooking platform length should not be less than 1.2m, the operating platform in front of the net width of the pass should not be less than 0.90m.
6.4.5 Electric cooking platform should be set up to wash the pool, desk, exhaust hood, storage cabinets, and other facilities or for which a place is reserved.
6.5 bathroom
6.5.1 For the elderly use of the bathroom and the elderly bedroom should be adjacent to the arrangement.
6.5.2 For the elderly to use the bathroom should be equipped with at least toilet, bath, wash the face of three sanitary ware. Three sanitary ware centralized configuration of the bathroom area should not be less than 3.0 square meters, and should meet the use of wheelchairs.
6.5.3 Toilet height should not be less than 0.40 m. The height of the outer edge of the bath tub should not be higher than 0.45 m, one end of which is suitable for sitting platform.
6.5.4 Handrails should be installed next to the bathtub and toilet, shower position should be installed at least on one side of the wall handrails, and set up a sitting shower device.
6.5.5 It is appropriate to set up a washstand suitable for sitting posture, the net height of the space under the table should not be less than 0.65m, and the net depth should not be less than 0.30m
7 light environment
7.2.8 Lighting facilities in public ****space and the set of lighting facilities should be reasonably select the lighting method, light source and lamps to avoid causing glare.
Table 7.2.7 Standard values for lighting of spaces within the suite
Room
Reference level
Standard of illuminance (lx)
Living room (hall)
General activities
0.75m level
150
Writing, reading
300
Bedroom
General Activities
0.75m level
100
Bedside, reading
200
Aisle, foyer
0.75m level
75
Dining room
0.75m table top
200
Kitchen
General Activities
0.75m level
150
Operator's desk
Countertop
200
Bathroom
General Activities
0.75m level
150
Washstand
150
p>WashstandCountertop
200
8 Construction Equipment
8.1 Water Supply and Drainage
8.1.3 The configuration of water supply and drainage appliances for the elderly to reside in and the public ****activity place should meet the following requirements:
1 The faucet and the shower in the living space should be used with the lever-type single-handle faucet, and it is appropriate to use the thermostatic valve. Valve, public **** activities are suitable for the use of sensor spout;
2 should be used in the toilet, it is appropriate to use the toilet flushing;
3 suitable for the use of hose showers, and the shower head connected to the length of the metal hose should not be less than 1.5m.
8.1.4 The hot water supply system of the residential building for the elderly should be anti-scalding measures, hot and cold water piping should be clearly marked.
8.1.5 bathroom sanitary ware drain should be used with the same drainage design. Drainage riser should take measures to reduce noise.
8.1.6 Elderly people living in the building should be set up fire hose reel.
8.6 Electricity
8.6.1 Lighting switch should be installed in the transitional space.
8.6.2 The living room, long aisles and bedrooms should be installed at the bedside of the multi-point control of the lighting switch, the bathroom should be used time-delay switch.
8.6.3 Lighting switch should be used with a wide-plate switch with a nighttime indicator, the switch height should be 1.10m from the ground.
8.6.4 Bedroom to bathroom aisle should be set up with footlights, footlights from the ground should be 0.40m. Bathroom vanity, kitchen counter, sink should be set up with local lighting.
8.6.5 Strong and weak electrical outlets in various parts of the set should be combined with the interior decoration of a detailed comprehensive design. Bedroom bedside, kitchen counter, bathroom sink, washing machine and toilet should be set up next to the power outlet.
8.6.6 All parts of the power socket should be used safety type socket. Commonly used socket height should be 0.60m ~ 0.80m. Set of power outlets should meet the main household appliances and security alarm device needs.
8.6.7 Each building or unit should be set up visitor intercom system, and in line with the following provisions:
1 host should be installed at the entrance to the unit on the protective door or wall, the indoor extensions should be installed in the living room (hall), the host and the indoor extensions of the bottom edge from the ground should be 1.10m ~ 1.50m;
2 visitor intercom system should be with the small area of the monitoring center host Networking.
8.6.8 The main activity space for the elderly should be equipped with emergency alarm devices, and in line with the following provisions:
1 near the entrances and exits should be equipped with security monitoring equipment terminals and call buttons, door door on the outside of the door should be equipped with light alarm lamps, call signals are sent directly to the management room;
2 set of bedrooms, bathrooms, and public **** bathroom should be equipped with an emergency alarm button to call for help, the emergency alarm button from the ground, the emergency alarm button from the ground to call for help. Emergency alarm button from the ground should be 0.80m ~ 1.10m, emergency alarm button should be clearly marked and should be combined with a button and pull rope, the end of the rope from the ground should not be higher than 0.30m;
3 set of life rhythm should be set up abnormal sensing device, and the signal will be sent to the management room;
4 kitchen should be equipped with a smoke sensor alarm device; gas-fueled Kitchen, should be equipped with gas concentration detection alarms, automatic shut-off valves and mechanical ventilation facilities; it is appropriate to use outdoor alarm type, the buzzer will be installed outside the door of the household or management room and other parts.
8.6.9 Emergency intrusion alarm devices should be provided in the set and comply with the following provisions:
1 Intrusion alarm detection devices can be selectively installed inside the door of the household, balcony and external windows, etc.;
2 Intrusion alarm system should be reserved for networking interface with the community security management system.
References
〖1〗GB 50867-2013 Building Design Code for Elderly Facilities
〖2〗GB 50340-2016 Building Design Code for Elderly People
〖3〗GB/T 33168-2016 Basic Requirements for the Services of Community Elderly Day-Care Center
〖4〗GB/T 35796-2017 Building Design Code for Elderly People
[4〗GB/ T 35796-2017 Basic norms for service quality of nursing institutions
〖5〗Jianbiao 143-2010 Construction standards for day care centers for the elderly in the community
〖6〗Jianbiao 144-2010 Construction standards for old age care homes
〖7〗MZ/T 032-2012 Safety management of old age institutions /p>
〖8〗MZ/T 039-2013 Capacity Assessment for the Elderly
〖9〗GF-2016-2001 Service Contract for Nursing Institutions (Model Text)
〖10〗Sichuan National Basic Public ****health Service Program Propaganda Handbook