Laptop computers due to the special nature of its structure, determines the complexity of its repair. But laptops are ultimately a kind of computer, and its repair principle is basically the same as that of an ordinary desktop computer. If you are a laptop user, and interested in its maintenance knowledge, then you can refer to this article, which lists some of the solutions to the laptop failure analysis process, may enable you to get some help.
Common Laptop Failures - Power On Not Bright - Hardware Determination
- - Laptop motherboard BIOS failure can cause power on not bright
- - Laptop CPU failure laptop computer.
--Laptop signal output port failure will cause the boot does not light
--Laptop motherboard graphics card control chip failure will cause the boot does not light
--Laptop graphics card control chip failure will cause the boot does not light
--Laptop graphics card control chip failure will cause the boot does not light
---- Failure of the graphics card of the laptop computer will cause the boot does not light
---- Failure of the memory of the laptop computer will cause the boot does not light
Laptop Battery Not Charging - Hardware Failure Determination
--- Laptop power adapter failure can cause the battery not charging
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---Laptop motherboard power control chip failure will cause the battery to charge
---Laptop motherboard other line Failure of other circuits on the laptop motherboard can cause the battery to not charge
Laptop does not recognize the peripherals - hardware failure judgment
---- Failure of peripheral hardware related to the laptop can cause the laptop does not recognize the peripherals
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---Laptop motherboard peripheral related interface failure will cause the laptop does not recognize the peripheral
---Laptop motherboard failure The laptop will also not recognize the peripherals at the same time the laptop does not turn on.
The failure of the motherboard of the laptop can cause the following phenomenon characteristics
----the laptop does not recognize the laptop hard disk after booting.
---Laptop computers do not recognize the laptop optical drive after booting.
---Laptop batteries do not charge.
---Laptop computer shuts down regularly or irregularly.
---Laptop keyboard does not work.
---Laptop sometimes drops power when turned on.
--- Laptop computer crashes at regular intervals
All these fault phenomena are related to the laptop motherboard
Fault phenomena caused by laptop power adapter
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- Laptop intermittently crashes.
- Laptop power adapter gets hot.
- Laptop optical drive reads DVDs or dies or loses power easily.
--Laptop running a large line of programs tends to die or power down.
All of these fault phenomena are related to the notebook power adapter
Introduction of laptop optical drive
Laptop optical drive - mechanical drive part.
Notebook optical drive - laser head assembly.
Notebook optical drive failure mainly from these two parts (notebook optical drive).
One, the drive mechanical part is mainly composed of three small motor as the center: disc loading mechanism by the control into and out of the box bin (loading) motor, mainly to complete the CD-ROM into the box (loading) and out of the box (unloading); laser head feeding mechanism is driven by the feed motor to complete the laser head along the radius of the CD-ROM from the inside to the outside or outside to the inside of the smooth movement in order to quickly read the disc data; spindle rotation The spindle rotation mechanism is mainly driven by the spindle motor to complete the disc rotation, generally using DD control mode, that is, the disc's rotating axis is the spindle motor's rotating axis.
Two, the laser head component of various optical drives is the most important and most fragile components, the main types of single-beam laser head, three (multi-)beam laser head, holographic laser head and other categories. It is actually a whole, ordinary single-beam laser head is mainly composed of semiconductor lasers, semi-permeable prisms / collimating lenses, photosensitive detectors and actuators and other components
Notebook Optical common failure analysis
Notebook Optical the most common failure of the mechanical failure, followed by the circuit failure, and circuit failure caused by the user improperly adjusted fault than the components Damage to the fault much more, so in the dismantling or maintenance of optical drive equipment do not casually adjust the laptop optical drive internal potentiometer
Laptop optical drive common faults are mainly three categories: operational faults, accidental faults and inevitable faults.
1, operational failures such as driver error or incorrect installation caused by Windows or DOS can not find the laptop optical drive; laptop optical drive connection line or jumper error so that the laptop optical drive can not be used; CD cable is not connected to listen to the CD; laptop optical drive is not correctly placed in the towing tray caused by the optical drive does not read the disk; CD-ROM deformation or dirt caused by the screen is not clear or stuttering or mosaic Serious phenomenon; improper disassembly caused by the optical drive internal connection line broken or loose and cause failure.
2, accidental failure of notebook optical drive random failure, such as machine integrated circuits, capacitors, resistors, transistors and other components of early failure or sudden damage, or some of the frequent movement of mechanical parts suddenly damaged, this kind of failure is rare, but must be repaired and replaced in order to troubleshooting, so the accidental failure is also known as the "real" failure.
3, inevitable failure of notebook optical drive in use for some time after the inevitable failure, mainly: laser diode aging, read the disk longer or even can not read the disk; laser head assembly in the optical lens is dirty/poor performance, etc., resulting in audio/video distortion or crash; mechanical drive mechanism due to wear and tear, deformation, and loose caused by the failure.
It should be noted that the repair rate of inevitable failure depends not only on the quality of the product, but also on the user's human operation and maintenance and the frequency of use and environment.
Common failures in the judgment
1, boot detection of the optical drive first check the optical drive jumper jump correctly or not; and then check whether the optical drive IDE interface is poorly inserted, such as not, it can be re-inserted, inserted tightly; and finally, there may be a damaged data line
2, in and out of the box failure manifested as a failure to enter and exit the box or in and out of the box is not smooth, the probable cause and elimination method Yes, in and out of the box compartment motor pin contact or motor burned - can be re-inserted or replaced; in and out of the box mechanical structure of the drive belt (rubber ring) loose slipping
3, the laser head failure failure phenomenon manifested in the picking disk (some disks can be read, and some disks can not be read) or read the disk ability is poor. Optical drive use for a long time or often use it to watch VCD or listen to CDs, the laser head objective lens becomes dirty or aging.
★To advise you never use the market sales of some low-priced poor quality optical head cleaning disk, because the bristles of these disks is too hard, instead of scratching the mirror, and may also cause static hazards, shorten the service life of the optical drive.
4, the laser signal path failure refers to the connection line between the laser head and the circuit board, is the laser head and other circuits information exchange channel. This produces more faults.
5, spindle signal path failure in general, the spindle motor and its drive circuit is combined into one, known as the spindle signal path, this circuit is also connected by a laser signal path with the same connecting line, only the number of shares is not the same. Because it and the laser head information path are servo circuits for information communication. Thus, there are many similarities in the failure phenomenon, but because the laser head information path in and out of the box, its connecting line is easy to be pulled folded and damaged, so in the encounter of the same failure phenomenon should first consider the laser head information path failure, and then consider the spindle signal path failure.
Laptop keyboard if there is a failure caused by the failure phenomenon
Laptop computer using the main faults can not be turned on.
Notebook in the use of the process from time to time crashes.
The laptop keyboard of a key appeared to use does not work.
Hardware failure phenomenon
A, not power (power indicator does not light)
1. Check whether the external adapter is correctly connected to the notebook, whether the external adapter is working properly.
2. If you only use the battery as the power source, check whether the battery model is the original battery; whether the battery is fully charged; whether the battery is installed correctly.
3. Check whether the DC board is normal;
4. Check and repair the motherboard
2. The power indicator is on, but the system does not run, and the LCD has no display
1. Press and hold down the power switch and keep it on for four seconds to turn off the power, and then restart it to check whether it starts normally.
2. External CRT monitor is displayed normally.
3. Check that the memory is securely plugged in.
4. Clear the CMOS information.
5. Try to replace the memory, CPU, charging board.
6. Repair the motherboard
Three, the display image is not clear
1. Detect whether it is normal after adjusting the display brightness.
2. Check whether the display driver is installed correctly; whether the resolution is suitable for the current LCD size and model.
3. Check if the LCD cable is connected to the motherboard correctly; check if the LCD cable is connected to the LCD correctly.
4. Check if the backlight control board works properly.
5. Check whether the Northbridge chip on the motherboard has cold welding and false welding.
6. Try to replace the motherboard.
Four, no display
1. Check whether the system is in hibernation state through the status indicator, if it is hibernation state, press the power switch button to wake up.
2. Check whether the connected external monitor is normal.
3. Check that the power supply is added.
4. Check that both ends of the LCD cable are connected properly.
5. Replace the backlight control board or LCD.
6. Replace the motherboard.
5. Battery level is not recognized properly in Win98 / Win Me
1. Make sure the power management function is activated and set correctly in the operating system.
2. Charge the battery for three hours before use.
3. Charge and discharge the battery twice in Windows 98 or Windows Me.
4. Replace the battery.
6. Touchpad does not work
1. Check whether there is an external mouse access and use the MOUSE test program to detect whether it is normal.
2. Check whether the touch panel cable is connected correctly.
3. Replace the touch panel
4. Check whether the keyboard control chip has cold soldering and soldering phenomenon
5. Replace the motherboard
Seven, the serial port device does not work
1. Check whether the serial port is set to "ENABLED" in the BIOS setup
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2. Use the SIO test program to check if it is normal.
3. Check if the serial device is connected correctly.
4. If it is a serial mouse, check if the built-in trackpad is turned off in the BIOS setup; check if the serial mouse is recognized in Windows 98 or Me's Device Manager; check if the serial mouse driver is installed correctly.
5. Replace the serial device.
6. Check the Southbridge chip on the motherboard for cold and weak soldering.
7. Replace the motherboard.
VIII, the parallel port device does not work
1. Check whether the parallel port is set to "ENABLED" in the BIOS setup.
2. Use the PIO test program to check if it is normal.
3. Check that all connections are correct.
4. Check that the external device is powered on.
5. Check that the printer mode settings are correct.
6. Check that the Southbridge chip on the motherboard is not cold and soldered.
7. Replace the motherboard.
9, USB port does not work
1. Check whether the USB port is set to "ENABLED" in the BIOS setup.
2. Re-plug the USB device to check whether the connection is normal.
3. Check if the USB port driver and USB device driver are installed correctly.
4. Replace the USB device or contact the USB device manufacturer for technical support. "ENABLED"
5. Replace the motherboard.
X. The sound card is not working properly
1. Use the AUDIO detection program to check if it is normal.
2. Check whether the volume adjustment is correct.
3. Check whether the sound source (CD, tape, etc.) is normal.
4. Check if the sound card driver is installed.
5. Check if the speaker and microphone cables are normal.
6. Replace the sound card board
7. Replace the motherboard.
XI. Fan Problems
1. Use the FAN test program to check if it is normal, and if the fan is normal when you turn on the computer
2. Is the FAN cable plugged in properly?
3. Is the FAN good?
4. Is the M/B part of the CONNECTER soldered properly?
5. Bad motherboard
12. KB problem
1. Use KB test program to test the judgment
2. Is the keyboard cable plugged in properly?
3. Is the M/B part of the CONNECTER pin crooked or other bad
4. Motherboard bad
Software failure classification
thirteen, driver category
1. display is not normal;
2. sound card does not work;
3. Modem, LAN does not work
4. QUALITY, VARIABILITY and VARIABILITY are the most important factors.
4. QSB doesn't work
5. Some hardware doesn't work properly because the driver is not loaded or the driver is loaded incorrectly
XIV. Operating system
1. Operating system slows down
2. Sometimes crashes
3. The model doesn't support a certain operating system
4. Doesn't shut down properly
5. Doesn't work properly.
5. Sleeping and dying
15. Application category
1. Application conflict causes the system to die
2. Application causes not the system can not shut down properly
3. Application conflict causes not normal use
I. Battery use problems
1. Do new batteries need to be charged for 12 hours like cell phones?
While the laptop's circuit design is much better than that of a cell phone, but in order for the new battery to work in a better state, the battery needs to be activated and calibrated, the manufacturer's common practice is that the new laptop battery should be with a 3% charge when the battery is turned on for the first time, at this time, it should not be used as an external power source, but rather to exhaust the remaining power in the battery until the power is turned off and then charged with an external power source. Then charge the battery with an external power source. Then you have to charge the battery again after it is exhausted, and the charging time must be more than 12 hours, and do it three times repeatedly in order to activate the battery.
2. Why doesn't the battery work so that the amount of power used also decreases?
Because of the environmental humidity and non-absolute insulation environment, the battery has a natural consumption phenomenon, depending on the old and new degree of the battery and the quality of 3-4 days will be reduced by about 1%, so as long as it is not a significant decline are normal phenomena.
3. Do I need to remove the battery to use the power supply?
Generally, the charging design of the laptop is less than 95% of the power before charging, and due to the existence of natural loss, so for the loss of the battery, remove and do not remove basically the same, so whether or not to remove depending on the habits of, if you remove the battery recommended to be wrapped in plastic wrap and placed in a dry and cool place, and remember to use the battery at least once a month or so, and charge to avoid battery loss. This will prevent the battery from losing activity.
4. Will charging the battery before it is fully used reduce its lifespan?
The life of a battery is generally calculated based on the number of times it has been fully charged, which is usually 300-400 times for Li batteries. Of course you don't have to worry about turning on the power to charge the battery once, even if it's only a little bit will be counted once, the number of times the battery is charged is generally only increased once when the power accumulates to 80-90%, so don't worry about it. Here also want to say, laptop batteries usually use lithium batteries, so avoid using lithium batteries in high temperature environments, expert research, high temperature state will accelerate the aging process of lithium batteries, and the same don't use in extreme low temperature environments. Low temperature environment will reduce the activity of lithium batteries, reducing the life of laptop batteries. Regular activation treatment for Li-ion batteries is to fully charge and discharge them to bring them back to their maximum capacity. To do this, turn off all power management and let the laptop slowly discharge until it is completely dead, then charge it fully, repeating this two to three times. Maintaining your own your own laptop battery as well as possible in hot weather will allow the laptop to better perform its role.
Two. Notebook cooling
Currently notebook cooling are generally used in the heat pipe cooling, keyboard convection cooling, temperature-controlled fan three cooling methods. Personally, I think the more advanced technology or IBM and Toshiba, although Toshiba's notebook is not favored by many people.
1, why does the fan turn a little when you turn on the computer and then never turn again?
Because of the laptop's temperature-controlled design, the fan stops spinning after a self-test on power-up, and only speeds up when the machine reaches a certain temperature, which is why the fan spins at high speeds when you're doing high-load work, such as playing videos with a high decoder rate, 3D gaming, and so on.
2. Should I be aware of my surroundings when using a laptop?
When using a laptop, you should pay attention to the neatness of the surrounding environment. Usually, the ideal working temperature for laptops is between 10°C and 35°C, and the humidity should not be too high. Especially in the hot summer, keep the environment well ventilated, and try to use your laptop in an air-conditioned room. Notches and openings in the computer case are used for ventilation. To ensure that the computer works reliably and to prevent overheating, do not block or cover these openings. Do not place the computer in your lap, on a bed or on a sofa, these are undesirable, soft objects block the cooling holes at the bottom of the notebook, making it impossible for the heat to escape smoothly from the notebook and thus malfunctioning. You can pad the bottom of the machine from the back end of some books and other things (occasionally use the bottle cap of black tea), so that the bottom of the notebook and the desktop to maintain some space, the bottom of the notebook will not be tightly on the desktop. This will have more heat emitted from the bottom, or you can also add a cooling base to increase the speed of airflow at the bottom of the notebook. There are also some external cooling devices on the market, like USB flash drives or built-in cooling modules, but I haven't used them yet.
3. Shut down your laptop:
When you're done working, shut down your laptop and try to give it a rest.
Don't leave your laptop in your bag when it's on
. Clean the vents often, laptops have a built-in fan with a vent. After a while, the vents accumulate dust, which can clog them.
Also if necessary you can use a diagnostic tool to test if your laptop's fan is working properly. If you have a specialized tool, you can also open the fan area and remove the dust.
4. Upgrade your laptop's BIOS:
Sometimes heat means that the controller of the computer's fan needs a BIOS upgrade. A new version of the BIOS can make laptop fans work more efficiently. If you feel that your laptop is getting hotter, you may want to check the website to see if a new BIOS is available.
The heat dissipation of the notebook has not been very perfect so far, with the powerful features, heat production will be the greater, such also puts pressure on the cooling system, the general laptop problem with professional software detection, like this weather (room temperature at about 30 degrees) CPU and hard disk temperature is about 60 degrees above the temperature is also belong to the normal.
Three. Screen problems
1. Bright spots and bad spots
The so-called bad spots, refers to the LCD LCD screen can not be controlled on the constant light or dark spots. The cause of the bad point is the LCD panel production due to various factors caused by defects, such as may be some small particles fall inside the panel, may also be electrostatic damage damage to the panel, there may be poor process control and so on.
There are two types of bad spots: bright spots and dark spots. A bright spot is a point that is always bright in any screen, and can be found by switching to a black screen; a dark spot is a point that is always dark in any screen, and can be found by switching to a white screen. General just bought back the laptop or when you buy, use the software to detect the bright spots or bad spots on the screen, generally according to different brands, different standards for this German, generally not more than three. Detection software with MonitorTest can be. At the same time, usually to reduce the screen in the sun exposure may be used during the day, try to pull the curtains, in order to prevent the screen by the sun, the temperature will be too high to accelerate the aging
2. How to wipe the screen
If only dust, then you can use the air blowing dust as far as possible, and then wipe with a soft, moist cloth, the soft cloth should be wrung out, otherwise the water may flow along the surface of the screen high-pressure packet Otherwise, water may flow down the surface of the screen into the high-voltage package and cause damage to the screen. If it is oil or more difficult to remove the stains can be purchased LCD screen special cleaner to remove, remember not to use the cleaner without quality assurance, otherwise the alcohols and other corrosive chemical components will cause damage to the screen. Zhongguancun generally sell laptops with a bright clean cleaning kit, use this can be. Do not: Do not use your hands or hard things to wipe the screen.
3 whether to paste the film?
I do not recommend sticking the film, although the screen film will play a protective role, but this position is generally not hurt, the film itself will have a certain amount of damage to the screen, but also affect the heat dissipation.
4. Sometimes use the battery when the screen will emit a squeaky voice
Generally the latest laptop does not have this problem, the older computer or the quality of the Department of the good will have this problem, this problem needs to be explained from two aspects: First, in the battery power supply, due to the laptop energy-saving features of the role of the entire laptop circuit voltage is constantly changing, then through the screen high-voltage packet, the screen can be used to protect the screen. The current through the screen high-voltage package in the energized coil is in constant change, and this time the high-voltage coil issued by the frequency conversion sound is also involved in secondary school physics knowledge. If the laptop's electromagnetic shielding is poor, this sound will be heard by the user, so we say that this phenomenon is more common in some of the weaker technical merit of the brand's laptop, the actual many friends react to the power adapter will occur sound is also caused by this reason. Secondly, this sound may also be high-frequency noise, this sound and the first described in the sound of the biggest difference is that the high-frequency noise is a kind of crazy sound, I believe that friends who have heard this sound will have experienced. Generally, this sound belongs to the motherboard design defects, if the situation is more common, the manufacturer will release the BIOS update file to solve this problem, such as the recent IBM T40, HP NC6000 are different degrees of this problem, the manufacturer has also released a new BIOS for the solution.
2012-7-26 16:19:43f chuck3811321457fcblfrvdrg2744611212tl expand/tug Γjl expand/tug Γpz jaws kinda cheer sf ting z jaws kinda cheer f ting graphics card is too bad. How do I get the cpu to hard decode and make the screen smoother.