3 water supply 1
3.1 water quota and water pressure 1
3.2 water quality and water pollution prevention 5
3.3 system selection 7
3.4 pipes, accessories and water meters 7
3.5 pipeline layout and laying 1
3.6 design flow and pipeline hydraulic calculation 12
. Reservoir 17
3.8 pressurization equipment, Pump house 19
3.9 swimming pool and water recreation pool 22
3.1 cooling tower and circulating cooling water 25
3.11 waterscape 27
4 drainage 28
4.1 is unified selection 28
4.2 sanitary wares and traps 28
4.3 General rules for pipeline layout and laying 29
1.
1..2 this specification is applicable to the design of water supply and drainage for residential quarters and civil buildings, as well as the design of water supply and drainage for industrial buildings and rainwater drainage for factory roofs.
However, when designing the following projects, it should also be implemented according to the current relevant special specifications or regulations:
1 Buildings in collapsible loess, permafrost and expansive soil.
2 buildings with seismic fortification intensity exceeding 9 degrees.
3 mineral spring spa and civil air defense building.
4 industrial water supply and drainage.
5 building water.
1..3 the design of water supply and drainage for buildings should not only meet the use requirements, but also provide convenient conditions for construction and installation, operation management, maintenance and inspection, and safety protection.
1..4 the design of building water supply and drainage engineering should meet the requirements of current relevant national standards and specifications in addition to the implementation of this specification.
3 Water supply
3.1 Water quota and water pressure
3.1.1 The design water consumption for water supply in residential quarters shall be determined according to the following water consumption:
1 Residential and domestic water consumption;
2 public * * * building water consumption;
3 water consumption for greening;
4 water consumption of waterscape and entertainment facilities;
5 water consumption of roads and squares;
6 water consumption of public facilities;
7 Unforeseen water consumption and water leakage from pipe network;
8 water consumption for fire fighting.
note: the fire water consumption is only used to check the calculation of pipe network, which is not normal water consumption.
3.1.2 the domestic water consumption of the residents in the residential area is calculated and determined according to the population of the residential area and the maximum daily domestic water consumption quota in table 3.1.9.
3.1.3 the water consumption of public buildings in residential areas should be determined by calculation according to the nature and scale of their use, using the water quota in table 3.1.1.
3.1.4 the watering quota for greening in residential quarters can be calculated according to the watering area of 1. ~ 3.l/m2 d. Arid areas can be increased as appropriate; The water consumption of public swimming pools, water recreation pools and waterscapes shall be determined according to the provisions of Articles 3.9.17, 3.9.18 and 3.11.2.
3.1.5 The watering quota for roads and squares in residential areas can be calculated according to the watering area of 2. ~ 3.l/m2 d..
3.1.6 The water consumption, water pressure and fire duration of residential quarters should be determined according to the current Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings and Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings.
3.1.7 the sum of water leakage and unforeseen water consumption of residential district pipe network can be calculated as 1%~15% of the maximum daily water consumption.
3.1.8 the water consumption of public facilities in the residential area should be provided by the management department of the facility, and when there are no major public facilities, the water consumption is not counted separately.
3.1.9 The maximum daily domestic water consumption quota and hourly variation coefficient of a residence can be determined according to table 3.1.9 according to factors such as residential category, building standard, sanitary ware perfection degree and region.
Table 3.1.9 Maximum daily domestic water consumption quota and hourly variation coefficient
Residential
Standard water consumption quota for sanitary appliances
(L/ person. d) hourly variation
Coefficient Kh
Ordinary
Ordinary
Residential
I have a toilet and a washing basin 85. Water heaters and bathing equipment 13 ~ 3 2.8 ~ 2.3
III has toilet, washbasin, washbasin, washing machine, centralized hot water supply (or domestic hot water unit) and bathing equipment 18 ~ 32 2.5 ~ 2.
The villa has toilet, washbasin, washbasin, washing machine, sprinklers, domestic hot water unit and bathing equipment 2.
2 The water quota for villas includes the water for garden use and car cleaning
3.1.1 The domestic water quota and hourly variation coefficient of public buildings such as dormitories and hotels can be determined according to the perfection of sanitary wares and regional conditions.
Table 3.1.1 Domestic water quota and hourly variation coefficient of public buildings such as dormitories and hotels
No. Name of the building Maximum daily domestic water quota (L) Hours of use (H) Hour variation coefficient KH
1 Single staff dormitory, student dormitory, guest house, training center and ordinary hotel
Set up public toilets
. The laundry room
is equipped with a single bathroom and a public laundry room
14. Indoor floor washing water nozzle .2 1. 15 .5
15. Household washing machine water nozzle .2 1. 15 .5
Note: 1 The values in brackets in the table are used when hot water is available, and cold water or hot water is calculated separately.
2 when a shower is attached to the bathtub, or the mixing faucet has a shower changeover switch, its rated flow and equivalent only count the faucet, excluding the shower. But the water pressure should be measured according to the shower.
3 the required water pressure of domestic gas water heater is determined according to the product requirements and the working pressure of the most unfavorable water distribution point of the hot water supply system.
4 automatic sprinkler irrigation of green space should be designed according to product requirements.
3.2 water quality and water pollution prevention
3.2.1 The water quality of domestic water supply system should meet the requirements of the current national standard "Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water".
3.2.2 The water quality of domestic miscellaneous water system should meet the requirements of the current industry standard "Water Quality Standard for Domestic Miscellaneous Water".
3.2.3 it is forbidden to directly connect the urban water supply pipeline with the water supply pipeline with its own water source.
3.2.4 Domestic drinking water shall not be polluted by siphon backflow in the pipeline, and the outlet of water distribution parts of domestic drinking water pipeline shall meet the following requirements:
1 The outlet shall not be submerged by any liquid or impurities;
2 The minimum air gap between the outlet and the overflow edge of the water container shall not be less than 2.5 times the diameter of the outlet;
3 when the minimum air gap cannot be set for special appliances, a pipe backflow preventer or other effective partition measures should be set.
3.2.5 When the following water pipelines are directly connected from the water supply pipeline, pipeline backflow preventers or other effective devices to prevent backflow pollution should be installed on these water pipelines:
1 When the fire water pipeline is connected separately, it should be at the beginning of the fire water pipeline;
Note: Outdoor hydrants connected to outdoor water supply pipes are excluded.
2 For the water pump that directly sucks water from the urban water supply pipeline, the suction pipe starts;
3 when the air gap between the outlet of the water filling or replenishing pipeline and the overflow level of swimming pool, water recreation pool, massage pool, waterscape viewing pool and circulating cooling water collecting pool is less than 2.5 times of the outlet pipe diameter, the water is filled (replenished);
4. The urban water supply pipe directly injects water into the pressurized containers or closed containers such as boilers, hot water units, water heaters and pneumatic water tanks;
5 the starting point of the flushing pipeline and the animal drinking water pipeline of the garbage disposal station and animal farm (including the feeding exhibition area of the zoo);
6 In the automatic sprinkler irrigation system such as Greenland, when the sprinkler is underground or automatic lifting, the pipeline starts;
7 lead-in pipes are connected from different pipe sections of urban water supply ring network to supply water to residential quarters, and when the water supply pipes of residential quarters and urban water supply pipes form a ring network, they are led into the pipes (generally behind the main water meter).
3.2.6 direct connection between drinking water pipes and urinals (tanks) is strictly prohibited.
3.2.7 The drinking water pipeline should avoid the toxic pollution area, and when the conditions cannot be avoided, protective measures should be taken.
3.2.8 The drinking water pool (box) should be set separately from other water pools (boxes).
3.2.9 There should be no septic tanks, sewage treatment buildings and water seepage within 1m around the buried drinking water pool. There shall be no sewage pipes and pollutants within 2m around. When this requirement cannot be met, pollution prevention measures should be taken.
3.2.1 the drinking water tank (box) in the building should be in the form of independent structure, and the main structure of the building should not be used as the wall, bottom plate and top cover of the tank (box).
when drinking water tanks (boxes) are set side by side with other water tanks (boxes), they should have their own independent partition walls, and a single partition wall is not allowed, and drainage measures should be taken between the partition walls.
3.2.11 The drinking water pool (tank) in the building should be located in a special room, and there should be no toilet, bathroom, washroom, kitchen and sewage treatment room in the room above it.
3.2.12 The structure and piping of drinking water pool (box) shall meet the following requirements:
1 Manholes, snorkels and overflow pipes shall be provided with measures to prevent insects from crawling into the pool (box).
2 The inlet pipe should be connected above the overflow level of the pool (tank). When it is difficult to determine the overflow level, the height of the lowest point of the inlet pipe above the overflow edge is equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe, but the minimum should not be less than 25mm and the maximum should not be greater than 15mm.
when the water inlet is submerged, the top of the pipe should be drilled, and the aperture should not be less than 1/5 of the pipe diameter. The hole should be equipped with a suction valve with the same diameter or other devices that can destroy the vacuum generated in the tube.
note: there is no low-level pool with siphon backflow, and its water inlet pipe is not limited by this clause, but it is still appropriate for the water inlet pipe to enter the pool from above the highest water surface.
3 the arrangement of inlet and outlet pipes shall not cause short circuit of water flow, and diversion devices shall be provided when necessary.
4 return water or overflow water such as pressure test water and pressure relief water of fire pipeline shall not be accepted.
5 The outlets of the drain pipe and overflow pipe shall not be directly connected with drainage structures or drainage pipes, and indirect drainage shall be adopted.
6 the material, lining material and inner wall coating of the pool (box) shall not affect the water quality.
3.2.13 when the water stored in the drinking water pool (tank) cannot be updated within 48h, a water disinfection treatment device should be set up.
3.2.14 measures should be taken to prevent accidental drinking and misuse when connecting water nozzles or water intake short pipes on non-drinking water pipelines.
3.3 is the outdoor water supply system of
3.3.1 residential quarters, and its water quantity should meet the requirements of all water use in residential quarters.
The pressurized water supply system in residential quarters should make full use of the water pressure of the municipal water supply network to supply water directly. When the water pressure and water quantity of municipal water supply network are insufficient, water storage regulation and pressurization devices should be set up.
3.3.2 For the pressurized water supply system in residential quarters, the number, scale and water pressure of pressurized stations should be determined according to the scale of the quarters, the height of buildings and the distribution of buildings.
3.3.3 The water supply systems with different use properties or charges in the building should be divided into their own independent water supply networks after introducing pipes.
3.3.4 the maximum working pressure borne by the water supply fittings of sanitary ware shall not be greater than .6MPa.
3.3.5 The domestic water supply system of high-rise buildings should be vertically partitioned, and the vertical partition should meet the following requirements:
1 The hydrostatic pressure at the lowest sanitary ware distribution point in each partition should not be greater than .45MPa, and it should not be greater than .55MPa； under special circumstances;
2 For the household pipes (or horizontal pipes for water distribution) with water pressure greater than .35MPa, it is appropriate to set pressure reduction or pressure regulation settings;
3 the water pressure of the most unfavorable water distribution point in each partition should meet the water pressure requirements.
3.3.6 the domestic water supply system of buildings with a building height of less than 1m should adopt the water supply mode of vertical partition and parallel connection or partition decompression. For buildings with a building height of more than 1m, vertical series water supply should be adopted.
3.4 pipes, accessories and water meters
3.4.1 pipes and fittings used in water supply system shall meet the requirements of current product standards. The working pressure of pipes and fittings shall not be greater than the nominal allowable working pressure of product standards.
3.4.2 the pipes used in the buried water supply pipeline should be corrosion-resistant and able to bear the corresponding ground load. Plastic water supply pipes, lined cast iron water supply pipes and steel pipes with reliable anticorrosion treatment can be used.
3.4.3 indoor water supply pipes should be made of pipes with corrosion resistance and convenient and reliable installation and connection, and plastic water supply pipes, plastic and metal composite pipes, copper pipes, stainless steel pipes and steel pipes with reliable anticorrosion treatment can be used.
3.4.4 the materials of all kinds of valves used in water supply pipelines should be corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant. All-copper, all-stainless steel, iron-clad copper core and all-plastic valves can be used according to the pipe diameter, the pressure level and the service temperature.
3.4.5 Valves should be set in the following parts of the water supply pipeline:
1 The water supply pipeline in residential area is from the introduction section of the municipal water supply pipeline.
2 the nodes of outdoor ring pipe network in residential quarters should be set according to the separation requirements. When the annular pipe section is too long, it is advisable to set a segmented valve.
3 the starting point of the branch pipe or the starting point of the household pipe connected from the main water supply pipe in the residential area.
4. Household pipes, water meters and branch risers.
5 the indoor water supply pipe starts from the water distribution pipe connected to the household, public toilet, etc. When there are three or more water distribution points on the water distribution branch pipe, they should be set.
6 the pool, water tank, pressurized pump room, heater, pressure reducing valve and pipeline backflow preventer shall be configured according to the installation requirements.
3.4.6 Valves used in water supply pipelines should be selected according to the following principles according to the use requirements:
1 When flow and water pressure need to be adjusted, regulating valves and stop valves should be adopted;
2. For parts requiring low water flow resistance (such as the suction pipe of a water pump), a gate valve should be adopted;
3 butterfly valves and ball valves should be used in places with small installation space;
4 the stop valve shall not be used on the pipe section where the water flow needs to flow in both directions;
5 For pumps with larger diameters, multifunctional valves should be used on the outlet pipe;
3.4.7 Check valves shall be set on the following sections of water supply pipeline:
1 On the inlet pipe;
2 closed water heater or water equipment.