In the building energy consumption, its natural energy consumption rate is the largest, in fact, is the use of the building stage, human daily life heating, laundry, lighting and a large number of electricity and water equipment are the use of modern science and technology by the production of machinery and equipment, the demand for energy and consumption of these devices is extremely large. Especially the use of heating equipment, as we all know, China's heating equipment in the use of coal as the main fuel supply, and coal in the combustion of a large number of emissions into the air smoke, exhaust and other pollutants, these coal combustion in the emission of smoke, exhaust and other pollutants in the air when the precipitation, it will be a serious threat to human health, but also when its pollutants to a certain degree, but also cause environmental acidification by forming acid rain, which destroys forests and damages buildings and other urban infrastructure. And the huge amount of carbon dioxide produced is accumulating.
2 Comprehensive Measures for Energy Conservation in Buildings
2.1 Energy Conservation in Floor Plan Arrangement and Body Shape of Buildings
Generally, buildings facing north-south are more energy-efficient than east-west, and energy-efficient buildings should adopt energy-efficient body shapes. The best energy-saving body shape coefficient is not only related to the direction of the building, but also related to the building envelope heat transfer performance, window-to-wall ratio, should be specifically calculated.
2.1.1 Energy saving of external envelope structure
2.1.1.1 Energy saving of external windows and doors. Control window-wall ratio. It is very important to reasonably determine the window-wall ratio, the window-wall ratio of each direction shall not be greater than the following values: northward 25%; east-west 30%; improve the airtightness of the windows and doors, the design adopts the doors and windows with good airtightness, and add sealing strips, and the air-conditioning or heating external doors that are frequently accessed adopt air curtains, revolving doors, and normally closed doors to prevent the energy consumption brought about by the internal and external exchanges of the air during the access of the flow of people; and strengthen the heat preservation of the entry door and the balcony. Outside the door using double-layer panels, filled with polystyrene or rock wool boards, balconies can be in the door at the belly of the board post thermal insulation materials, transparent place using double glass. To air-conditioned rooms, the design of the window eaves or side eaves, reduce the rate of sunlight area of the glass.
2.1.2 Wall Energy Conservation
Exterior walls are generally filled with fly ash hollow blocks or hollow bricks, filled with some of the pore size of the insulating material can improve its thermal insulation properties to achieve the purpose of energy saving, such as filling the hollow polystyrene, asbestos or aluminum inserted in the platinum cardboard, plastic sheets. In the energy-saving wall can give priority to the use of aerated concrete solid plate.
2.2 Indoor facilities for energy saving
Indoor facilities mainly include: heating, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical systems, etc., which have a lot of potential for energy saving. Such as in the building can be designed in the water system, the indoor sewage and toilet drainage diversion. After treatment of domestic sewage, re-used in the building toilet flushing or community green water, so that both energy saving and environmental protection, there are obvious socio-economic benefits.
2.3 Energy saving in operation and management
2.3.1 Energy saving in heating equipment for residential, hospitals and other heating should be used in continuous operation, intermittent regulation; for offices, auditoriums and other appropriate use of regulating the room temperature mode of operation.
2.3.2 The use of energy-saving technology using smooth running, power-saving frequency conversion technology, air-conditioning heating circulating pumps, fixed pressure pumps and water supply system for water pumps should be selected frequency conversion pump.
2.3.3 building automation energy saving can be air-conditioning, heating, electrical, sanitation, fire alarm in the building for centralized management and optimal control. BAS system cost equivalent to 0.5% to 1% of the total investment in the building, the annual operating cost savings rate of about 10%, generally 4 to 5 years to recover the full cost.
3 Conclusion
The development and implementation of building energy efficiency work is not only in the utilization of resources to save resources, but also in the use of energy to reduce the pollution and damage to the atmospheric environment of its energy exhaust products. As we all know, fossil fuels in the combustion will be discharged into the atmosphere a large number of waste gas, waste residue and other pollutants, these pollutants in the atmosphere precipitation, not only will be a threat to human health, but also the formation of acid rain to the ground, destruction of forests, buildings, etc., to the human race to bring great economic losses. The energy saving policy adopted in the building energy saving is exactly to reduce the emission of fossil fuels as the main goal, which also happens to coincide with the center of the atmospheric environmental protection policy, therefore, the development of building energy saving work on the improvement of the atmospheric environment and the protection of the atmosphere is to play an important role in promoting.
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