Keywords: pond water suddenly disappeared \ rain and snow anomalies \ ground collapsed \ sun halo \ animal anomalies \ seismic cloud
1. May 5 Enshi City, Hubei Province, Baiguo Township, under the village of the village of the village of Ba, Guanyin Pond, about 80,000 cubic meters of stored water suddenly disappeared. Under the village dam village from Enshi city about 19 kilometers, the reporter yesterday at the scene to see, the pond was round, the mouth diameter of about a hundred meters, dozens of meters deep. The pond has been dry to the bottom, leaving black silt at the bottom of the pond. Villagers said, usually the pond water surface and ground level, year-round, water color green, water storage capacity of about 80,000 cubic meters. 7:00 a.m. on April 26, the calm surface of the water suddenly appeared whirlpools, accompanied by a roar, less than 5 hours, a pool of blue water all disappeared, is now a black silt. A villager surnamed Chen went down to the pond only, caught two more than 10 kilograms of fish, but the pond did not see a large number of fish.
According to "Baiguo Township Journal", this phenomenon since the liberation of the country appeared three times, respectively in 1949, 1976 and 1989.
2. The West China Metropolis Daily reported on May 10 that there was a large-scale migration of toads in Tanmu Village, Southwest Town, Mianzhu City, Sichuan Province, and hundreds of thousands of toads took to the highway in great numbers. Mianzhu is only a few dozen kilometers from Wenchuan. Mianzhu is within the center of the quake.
On May 4, about millions of toads in Xinlou Village, Wujian Township, Jiangdu City, Jiangsu Province, gathered near Liuyanzha, the village.
On May 9, tens of thousands of small toads suddenly appeared to migrate from Dongfeng Bridge in downtown Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province.
On May 11, tens of thousands of small toads migrated in Zhujing Court, Guli Town, Changshu, Jiangsu Province.
3. On the night of May 9, the night of May 10, the morning and afternoon of May 11, the Wutai Mountain area has been four consecutive snow, the top of the five platforms are covered with white holy clothes. Wutai Mountain surprised the May flying snow spectacle.
4. May 10, 10:00 am, Henan Mengzhou Yellow River beach area over the appearance of solar halo spectacle, lasted until about 11:30 am dispersal. Solar halo is a relatively rare celestial phenomenon.
6. On the night of May 10 to 11, the capital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, had five unevenly distributed thunderstorms. Thunderstorms and sunny skies alternated twice. at about 20:40, the provincial capital was again hit by hail from west to east.
7. Just half an hour before the earthquake, May 12, 1:58 pm to 2:02 pm, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, netizen "peng2283" in Tianshui City, Tianshui City, Nanguo Temple over the capture a set of strange photos, the sky color clouds like a hydrogen bomb explosion like flying.
8. Monday morning, Dujiangyan fish ponds in the fish jumped constantly, many people also ran to catch fish.
9. At noon, the sky suddenly got dark almost like night.
10. The Nanning Seismological Bureau chose seven snake farms within Nanning City as artificial observation sites and placed cameras to remotely observe the behavioral habits of about 12,000 cobras in real time for research on pro-earthquake forecasting.
Regarding the animal omens before the earthquake, I think it is important to pay attention to, because the earthquake this very destructive natural phenomenon. As the saying goes, "it's easy to get into the sky and hard to get into the ground", since it's hard to get into the ground, why don't we use some of the pre-earthquake macroscopic omens on the ground to study the prediction of earthquakes. Because some animals have some special function, really can be able to foresee the earthquake in advance, such as snakes, toads, rats, etc.
[Edit]Safety preparations
1. their own home security measures are foolproof?
Preparation on a regular basis is basic to minimize victimization.
You should make sure that your closet, pantry, refrigerator, etc. are secured and protected from falling over.
Put transparent film or tape on the glass of the cupboards, windows, etc. to prevent the glass from splashing around when it breaks.
To prevent the doors of cabinets and closets from falling out when they are opened due to the shaking of an earthquake, install hinges on the doors of cabinets and closets to secure them.
Do not place TVs, vases, etc. in high places.
To prevent glass shards scattered on the floor from hurting people, prepare thicker slippers.
Pay attention to the placement of furniture to ensure a safe space.
Pay close attention to the management and storage of kerosene heaters and other fire-using equipment and hazardous materials.
Reinforce the prefabricated concrete walls to make them strong and resistant to collapse.
2. Are emergency supplies ready?
(1) Drinking water (2) Food, baby formula (3) First aid medicine (4) Portable radio, flashlight, dry batteries (5) Cash, valuables (6) Underwear, towels, hand towels, etc.
3. Establishing a cooperative system of mutual assistance among neighbors from the beginning of the year
In the event of a major earthquake, it can be expected that it will cause a huge disaster in a wide area. In this case, it is impossible for fire engines and ambulances to be on call. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a system of mutual assistance in case of a fire or an injury by communicating with local residents through the local community and other organizations from the beginning of the day.
It is important to discuss the system of mutual assistance in case of fire and injury with the neighbors from now on.
Actively participate in citizens' disaster prevention organizations.
Actively participate in disaster prevention training.
[Edit]Preparing for an earthquake
In areas where a damaging earthquake has been forecast, the following should be done in case of an emergency:
1. In order to get through the initial difficulties of life after the earthquake, before the earthquake society and families should prepare a certain amount of food, water and daily necessities to solve the urgent need.
2. Establishing a place of refuge in case of an earthquake The issue of shelter is also a major issue. The house was damaged, need to have a place to stay; aftershocks continue to occur, need to have a place to hide. This requires the temporary construction of earthquake-proof, fire-proof, cold-proof and rain-proof shelters. All kinds of tents can be utilized, rural grain storage of small round barn, is also a very good anti-seismic room.
3. Designation of evacuation sites, the transfer of hazardous materials: urban population density, personnel earthquake and evacuation is more difficult to ensure the safety of people at the time of the earthquake, the earthquake should be distributed according to the street, the district, the proximity of the masses of seismic evacuation routes and places. Before the earthquake to the flammable, explosive and toxic materials in a timely manner transferred to the outside of the city to store.
4. Set up first-aid centers for the injured in the city's strong seismic capacity, or set up first-aid centers outside the city, prepared beds, medical equipment, lighting equipment and medicines, etc.
5.
5. Suspension of public **** activities After the official earthquake forecast notification, all kinds of public **** places should be suspended, the audience or customers should be evacuated in an orderly manner; primary and secondary schools can be temporarily in the outdoor classes; stations and terminals can be waiting for the train in the open air.
6. Organize people to evacuate and transfer important properties If you get the official earthquake warning or notice, you should quickly and orderly mobilize and organize people to evacuate the house. Serious illnesses that are being treated should be transferred to a safe place. A few paralyzed people should also be mobilized to a safe place. Rural livestock, tractors and other means of production, before the earthquake should be properly transferred to a safe area, the authorities, enterprises and institutions of the vehicle should be out of the garage, parked in the open, in order to play a role in the earthquake relief.
7. Prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters in the city earthquake may occur serious secondary disasters, especially chemical plants, gas plants and other units prone to secondary disasters of the earthquake, to strengthen the identification and management, set up a special person around the clock on guard and duty.
8. Ensure the safety of the vital departments of the city's various vital departments and more banks, the earthquake to strengthen security, to prevent the loss of state assets and confidential leaks. Fire department vehicles must be out of storage, firefighters should be ready to go, in order to put out the fire in time to reduce economic losses.
9. Organize rescue teams, rationalize production Before the earthquake, all levels of government should be organized on the spot rescue and relief teams (rescue, medical, fire fighting, water supply, power supply, communications, etc.). If necessary, some factories should suspend production or low load operation under the unified instructions of the earthquake prevention headquarters.
10. Prepare your home for earthquakes Residents in areas where earthquake forecasts have been issued must prepare their homes for earthquakes, make a home earthquake plan, and check and promptly eliminate potential hazards in their homes that are not conducive to earthquake preparedness. (1) Checking and reinforcing houses Reinforcement of houses that are not conducive to earthquake resistance, and evacuation of dangerous houses that should not be reinforced. For bulky house decorations such as daughter walls and high facades should be removed. (2) Reasonable placement of furniture, items Fixed tall furniture to prevent dumping people, solid furniture to be vacated underneath, in order to prepare for the quake to hide; furniture and items placed to do "heavy under the light on the", the wall of the hanging objects should be taken down to become a fixed position, to prevent falling injuries; clean up sundries, so that the doorway, the hallway unobstructed; balcony parapet wall to clean up, take off flower pots, sundries, and so on. (3) Prepare the necessary earthquake-proof items to prepare a family earthquake-proof package including food, water, emergency lights, simple medicines, ropes, radios, etc., and put them in a place that is easy to access. (4) Carry out family earthquake drills to practice emergency evacuation and evacuation, as well as "one-minute emergency evacuation" exercises.
1. Groundwater anomalies
Groundwater includes well water and spring water. The main anomalies are muddy, bubbling, flopping, warming, discoloration, change of taste, sudden rise, sudden fall, deformation of well holes, and sudden drying up or gushing out of springs. People have summarized the proverbs about the change of well water before the earthquake:
Well water is a treasure, and there are precursors to earthquakes.
Without rain, the spring water is muddy, and when the sky is dry, the well water bubbles up.
The water level rises and falls greatly, and bubbles appear when it is turned over.
Some change color, some change taste.
2, biological anomalies
Many animals feel particularly sensitive to certain organs, it can know in advance of some disaster events than humans, such as jellyfish in the ocean can forecast storms, rats can avoid the collapse of mines or hazardous gases and so on. As for the visual, auditory, tactile, vibratory, balance organs, which played a major role, which played a supporting role in judgment, for different animals may be different. Physical and chemical changes (vibration, electricity, magnetism, meteorology, abnormal water radon content, etc.) produced along with earthquakes often stimulate some sensory organs of some animals to react abnormally. For example, if the gravity of an area changes, some animals may be able to feel it through its balance organ; a vibration abnormality, some animals may be able to detect the auditory organ. Long before the earthquake underground rock layer in the day by day slow activity, showing a creeping state, and between the fault surface and has a strong friction, so it is thought that in the friction of the fault surface will produce a kind of only a few times a few times to more than ten times a second, lower than the human hearing can feel the low-frequency sound waves. A human being can only feel sound waves at more than 20 times per second, while animals do not. Those who feel very sensitive animals, in the sense of this sound wave, will be alarmed, so that the winter snake out of the hole, fish jumping out of the water, pigs and cows jumping ring, the dog cried wolf roar and other abnormal phenomena. There are many kinds of animal anomalies, there are large livestock, poultry, cave animals, hibernating animals, fish and so on. Animal anomalies, people also have a few jingles summarize well:
Pre-earthquake animals have omens, the group is very important to prevent the group.
Cattle, sheep, mules and horses do not enter the stables, pigs do not eat dog bite.
Ducks don't go into the water, and chickens fly up into the trees, squawking loudly.
Snakes come out of their holes in the snow and ice, and rats run with mice in their mouths.
The rabbit's ears are pricked up, and the fish jumps out of the water.
The bees are moving in and out, and the pigeons are not returning to their nests.
Every house is under observation, so report any abnormalities.
In addition to this, some plants also reacted abnormally before the earthquake, such as sprouting, blossoming, fruiting, or wilting and growing abnormally in large areas in the wrong season.
3, meteorological anomalies
People often describe earthquake prediction scientists as "up tube sky, down tube ground, the middle tube air", which does make sense. Before the earthquake, the weather is often anomalous. Mainly hot before the earthquake, people anxious and irritable, long drought or heavy rain, yellow fog four plugs, dark daylight, strange winds, hail in June and so on.
4, ground sound anomaly
Ground sound anomaly refers to the sound from the ground before the earthquake. The sound is like the sound of thunder, but also like a heavy car traveling, the wind drumming and so on a variety of things. When an earthquake occurs, there is a longitudinal wave radiation from the source, along the ground propagation, so that the air vibration sound, due to the longitudinal wave speed is larger but weaker, people only hear their voices, but do not feel the ground moving, need to be after the transverse wave to the feeling of movement. Therefore, the epicenter of the area often have "every quake first, the sound of the ground, like the earth's gas drumming, such as boiling water in the tripod expansion" records. If in the epicenter of the region, the magnitude 3 earthquake can often hear the ground sound. Ground sound is the structure of the underground rock, structure and the liquid contained in the gas movement changes in the results, there are quite a large part of the ground sound is a sign of the earthquake. Grasp the knowledge of geoacoustics may be able to play a better prediction and prevention of earthquakes.
5, ground light anomaly
Ground light anomaly refers to the light from the ground before the earthquake, the color is varied, and can be seen in daily life, rare mixed colors, such as silver blue, white purple, etc., but the red and white mainly; its shape is also varied, there are bands, spheres, columns, diffuse and so on. Generally the ground light appears in a large range, mostly in a few hours to minutes before the earthquake, lasting for a few seconds. China's Haicheng, Longling, Tangshan, Songpan and other earthquakes and before and after the earthquake appeared colorful luminescence phenomenon. Earth's light is accompanied by earthquakes, landslides, landslides, collapses, or sand and water, jet and other natural phenomena at the same time, often along the fracture zone or a region for regular migration, and synchronized with other macro-micro anomalies, the cause of which is always closely related to crustal movement. And by the geological conditions and surface and atmospheric conditions? The "fatigue" of the "knife" is not a problem. The malignant anomalies have been caused by the geological conditions and the surface and atmospheric conditions, and their causes are always closely related to the crustal movement. (18) The origin of the anomalies is always closely related to the crustal movement. Such as the Haicheng earthquake, Lancang, Gengma earthquake and so on have collected similar reports.
6, the ground gas anomaly
Ground gas anomaly refers to the fog from the ground before the earthquake, also known as ground fog or ground fog. This fog, with white, black, yellow and other colors, sometimes colorless, often a few days to a few minutes before the earthquake, often accompanied by a strange smell, sometimes accompanied by sound or with high temperatures.
7, abnormal ground motion
Anomalous ground motion refers to the shaking of the ground before an earthquake. It is a well-known phenomenon that the ground shakes violently during an earthquake. But before the earthquake, sometimes feel the ground also shaking, this shaking with the earthquake is different, swinging very slowly, seismographs often do not record, but many people can feel. The most significant ground shaking anomaly appeared on February 4, 1975, before the Haicheng 7.3 magnitude earthquake, from late December 1974 to the end of January 1975, in Dandong, Kuandian, Fengcheng, Shenyang, Xiuyan and other places in the ground shaking 17 times.
8, the ground drum anomaly
The ground drum anomaly refers to the earthquake on the ground before the appearance of drums. 1973 February 6, Sichuan Fuhuo 7.9 magnitude earthquake about six months before, Ganzi County, Drag Dam District, a lawn on the appearance of a drum, the shape of an iron pot like an inverted buckle, about 20 centimeters high, around the intermittent cracks, drums for a few days and then disappeared, repeated many times, until the earthquake occurred.
Anomalies similar to the drum also include cracks in the ground and subsidence.
9, electromagnetic anomalies
Electromagnetic anomalies refer to abnormalities in household appliances such as radios, televisions, fluorescent lamps, and so on, before an earthquake. The most common electromagnetic anomaly is radio failure, fluorescent lamps in the northern region in the pre-earthquake self-lighting is also more common. 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Tangshan on July 28, 1976 a few days before the earthquake, Tangshan and its neighboring districts, many radio failure, the sound of the big and small, sometimes not, FM is not permitted, and sometimes continuous noise. Also before the earthquake in Tangshan, some people in the city saw closed fluorescent lamps glow red at night and then light up, and some people in Beijing turned off the fluorescent lamps before going to bed, but the lamps were still on without rest.
Electromagnetic anomalies also include some motor equipment working abnormally, such as microwave station anomalies, radio plant interference, and malfunctioning electronic alarm clocks.
Earthquake macro-anomalies in earthquake forecasting, especially the short-term forecast has an important role in the 1975 Haicheng, Liaoning, 7.3 earthquake and the 1976 Songpan, Pingwu, 7.2 earthquake before the earthquake workers and the general public had observed a large number of macro-anomalies for the success of the two earthquakes forecast provided important information. It should be noted, however, that many of the macro-phenomena listed above may be caused by a variety of reasons and may not always be harbingers of earthquakes. For example: the rise and fall of well water and spring water may be related to the amount of rainfall, may also be affected by the nearby pumping, drainage and construction, well water discoloration and taste may be caused by pollution, the abnormal performance of animals may be related to weather changes, disease, rut, external stimuli, etc., and also pay attention to not to welding arc light, lightning, etc. mistaken for the ground, not to be mistaken for the thunder ground, not to set off fireworks and flares The fireworks and flares as the underground fireballs.
Once an unusual natural phenomenon is discovered, do not easily make the conclusion that an earthquake will occur soon, and do not panic, but should be clear about the time and place of the anomaly and the situation, protect the scene, report to the government or the earthquake department, so that the seismic department of the professional staff to investigate and verify the truth of the matter.
(2) micro-anomalies of earthquakes
The human senses can not be perceived, only with specialized instruments to measure the seismic anomalies known as the micro-anomalies of earthquakes, including the following categories:
Seismic activity anomalies: the size of the earthquake there is a certain relationship between. Although there are not many large earthquakes, there are many small and medium-sized earthquakes, and the study of the characteristics of small and medium-sized seismic activity. It is possible to help people predict the occurrence of future large earthquakes.
Topographic anomalies: Before a major earthquake, the crust of the earth near the epicenter may undergo a small deformation, and the rock layers on both sides of certain faults may show small displacements. With the help of sophisticated instruments, such very weak changes can be measured, and analyzing these data can help people predict the occurrence of future major earthquakes.
Geophysical changes: In the process of earthquake incubation, the physical properties of rocks in and around the epicenter area may change, and the use of sophisticated instruments to measure the changes in gravity, geoelectricity and geomagnetism in different areas can also help people predict earthquakes.
Changes in underground fluids: Groundwater (well water, spring water, water contained in underground rock formations), oil and natural gas, and some other gases that may be produced and stored in underground rock formations are all underground fluids. Instruments to determine the chemical composition of underground fluids and some physical quantities, and study their changes, can help people predict earthquakes.