He came from a humble background and dropped out of school at the age of 10 to work as a laborer, and from the age of 12 he was an apprentice and helper in a printing house. But he studied hard, in addition to mastering printing technology, but also widely read literature, history, philosophy, self-taught mathematics and four foreign languages, and practiced writing, all of which laid a solid foundation for him to achieve a wide range of achievements in his life.
In order to stand on his own feet in the society of the time, he went through a lot of difficulties and founded his own business, the printing house. Because of hard work, reputation, attention to business management, he not only in the printing world in the fierce competition stood his ground, and to expand the business to neighboring states and the West Indies, North America has become a leader in the printing and publishing industry.
He paid attention to the observation of natural phenomena, the study of scientific problems. He started from practice, engaged in scientific experiments and observations, in electricity to answer the question of "what is electricity", the different states of electricity known as "positive electricity" and "negative electricity", proposed the Electricity in the "first-class theory", in the atmospheric electricity reveals the nature of the lightning phenomenon, known as "the second Prometheus". These epoch-making research results in electricity made him a world-famous first-class scientist. He also has research in optics, thermology, acoustics, mathematics, oceanography, botany and other aspects of the new stove, lightning rods, electric wheels, three-wheeled clock, bifocal glasses, automatic barbecue machine, glass musical instruments, elevated bookshelves, new street lamps and a series of inventions. As a result, with only two years of elementary school education, he was Harvard University and Yale University in the United States, Oxford University in the United Kingdom, Edinburgh University, St. Andrew's University and other six or seven universities awarded a master's degree or doctoral degree.
Franklin did a great deal of work in the North American colonies in the dissemination of culture and social welfare after he became famous. He successively organized the establishment of the "*** Readers", "American Philosophical Society", "North American Association for the Advancement of Science", newspapers, libraries, bookstores, hospitals, universities, fire departments, local Militia organizations and other academic, cultural, health care, fire and police organizations and institutions; he also reformed the postal system in the North American colonies, the establishment of a unified postal system in the North American colonies. He was an outstanding social activist and became an influential figure in the North American colonies.
He was not only good at solving specialized problems in the natural sciences and practical problems in social and political activities, but also often explored many philosophical and social problems. He was a natural theist, who believed that the spirit is dependent on matter; he believed that the cause of social poverty is that the laborers have to support the parasites; he loved freedom and peace, opposed war, hated racial discrimination and slavery, and advocated for the interests of the blacks and Indians. He was one of the most knowledgeable bourgeois liberal thinkers of his time．
Franklin lived in the era of the United States from the colonies to the independent bourgeois state of the major turning period, he actively engaged in the revolutionary movement, the victory of the War of Independence and the United States of America's national system of the initial construction of a major contribution.
At the Albany Conference of 1754, which was attended by the leading figures of the North American colonies, he put forward the plan of the famous "Albany Union", which was adopted by the conference, and he became the earliest to instill the idea of the great union of the United States of America in the minds of the colonial people.
In Pennsylvania, he has always been with the colonial people together with the owners ① group of lawlessness struggle. 1757, on behalf of the State Council to London, he petitioned the King of England, asked the owners to pay taxes, success; 1764, he went to London for the second time, asked the King of England to protect the interests of the colony, but no results. Subsequently, the British government strengthened the suppression of the North American colonies, which inspired the colonists to resist more strongly. Franklin's position shifted completely to the revolutionary side.
Pennsylvania was originally a proprietor's colony, a land given to William Penn by King Charles II in 1681. Later, William Penn's two sons inherited the property. The proprietors enjoyed the privilege of appointing officials, including the governor, vetoing parliamentary bills, and being exempt from paying taxes in their colonies.
In May 1775, he returned to the Americas and immediately threw himself into the revolutionary struggle. He served as chairman of the Pennsylvania Committee of the Peace, presided over the local military committee, and drafted the state constitution with Penn***; he attended the Second Continental Congress as a delegate from Pennsylvania, and became one of the drafters of the U.S. Declaration of Independence; he served as the U.S. Secretary of the Postal Service, organizing postal mail during the war, with notable achievements; in the U.S. Army's repeated setbacks in combat, he served as a member of the Committee of Three with the meeting in Washington, and decided to implement the North American He was a member of the Committee of Three who met with Washington and decided to mobilize the 13 states of North America, making it possible for the War of Independence to last for six years.
In a situation where Britain was strong and America was weak, the colonists had to fight for foreign aid. Franklin was sent to France by the Continental Congress to fight for an alliance between the U.S. and France to fight against Britain. In the complex and unfavorable to the United States in the diplomatic environment at that time, he with the United States will win the faith, perseverance and patience, clever and flexible diplomacy, the use of conflicts between the European countries, seize the favorable opportunity to conclude the American-French alliance, and strive for a large number of manpower, material and financial foreign aid, to ensure that the War of Independence victory. In the latter part of the war, he participated in and once presided over the U.S.-British peace negotiations, signed the Anglo-American peace treaty in favor of the U.S., and triumphantly accomplished the arduous mission of wartime diplomacy. After the war, he became the first Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States to France and stayed in France until his return in 1885.
After returning home, he was elected governor of Pennsylvania for four consecutive years. In the U.S. Constitutional Convention, he was a member of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, and he proposed a bicameral system of Congress in order to reconcile the differences of opinion of the delegates to the Convention, which became one of the basic national systems of the United States.
After 1788, he ceased to hold public office, but he continued to publish political essays for the government to choose from, and worked to promote the abolition of slavery.
On April 17, 1790, Franklin died. On the day of his funeral, as many as 20,000 people mourned him, fully expressing the American people's grief for him. At the same time, not only did the U.S. Congress decide to mourn for him for a month, the French National Assembly also resolved to mourn for him, indicating that he not only belonged to the United States, but also belonged to the whole world
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882.1.30-1945.4.12) was the 32nd President of the United States, born in New York. His father, James Roosevelt, was a millionaire. His mother, Sarah Delano, was 26 years younger than his father. Roosevelt studied at Harvard and Columbia Universities, and became a senator from New York in 1910, Undersecretary of the Navy in 1913, disabled by polio in 1921, Governor of New York in 1928, and President in 1932. In 1932, he won the presidential election and was re-elected in 1936, 1940 and 1944 because of the success of the "New Deal" in dealing with the economic crisis. At the beginning of the Second World War, the United States adopted a policy of non-intervention, but took a hard line against Hitler and supported the Allies with the Lend-Lease Act; at the end of 1941, the United States entered the war. Roosevelt represented the U.S. in two meetings of the "Big Three" of the Allied Powers. Roosevelt's government put forward the principle of unconditional surrender of the Axis powers and implemented it. Roosevelt put forward the idea of establishing the United Nations, which was also implemented, and died of a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 63.
In 1905, Roosevelt married Anna Elinor. Elinor was the niece of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th president, who was still in office at the time of the marriage, and the president attended their wedding in person. They had five sons and one daughter.
Following are Franklin . Delano. Roosevelt's family.
Anna Elinor Roosevelt Doyle Berthig Husted
Roosevelt and Anna Elinor Roosevelt's first child, an only daughter
Born: May 3, 1906 Birthplace: Hyde Park, New York
Died: December 1, 1975 Age at death: 69 years and 7 months
Cause of death: Cancer Education: private school, Cornell University
Occupation: housewife, mother, news writer
Spouses: Kurtis Dean Dorr; John Berdiger; James Addison Housestead
Number of children: 2 Dorr; none Berdiger and Housestead
As the only daughter of Franklin and Elinor Roosevelt, Anna Elinor came to Washington, D.C. with her parents when she was seven years old, after which she continued to attend girls' schools. Elinor has spoken of Anna as being too tightly regulated, and admits that it did nothing for the child's education. Because the mother knew nothing about how to bring up a child, she sometimes did stupid things. Once, Elinor hung little Anna outside her house in a metal cage, believing that fresh air would be good for her daughter's health, but a neighbor was horrified and threatened to call out against child abuse.
In 1925, Anna graduated from school. She was tall with brown hair. Her authoritarian grandmother, Sarah Franklin, had taken her abroad, but Anna didn't want to go to college, which pleased her grandmother, who warned her not to be a "pedant" so she wouldn't become an old girl because men were afraid of her. But Anna had no trouble getting married; in fact, she married three times in her life.
Instead of listening to her grandmother, Anna decided to go to college. Loving the outdoors and animals, she went to Cornell University to study agriculture, and at the age of 20, Anna discontinued her education when she married Kurtis Doyle, a stockbroker 10 years her senior. She was blunt in explaining to Doyle why she got married, "I got married when I wanted to because I wanted to escape." Anna was referring to the tug-of-war between her mother and grandmother. Predictably, Anna's marriage would not last. She and her husband divorced after six years of marriage and two sons. Since then, Anna's father has been inaugurated as president and the family has moved to the White House.
During her father's first campaign for the presidency in 1931, Anna met and fell in love with John Berdiger, a reporter for the Chicago Tribune. Although the Chicago Tribune strongly supported the **** and the Party and attacked Roosevelt himself and his policies violently during his tenure, the newspaper's attitude did not affect Anna and Berdiger's union. They married in 1935. Berdiger left the Tribune to pursue public **** relations. Thereafter, with the help of another Roosevelt foe, William Randolph Hearst, he became editor of the Seattle Reuters Post.
When Hearst's relationship with Roosevelt was criticized by the public, the Anna's left Seattle and bought a guide newspaper in Phoenix, Arizona, expecting to turn it into a daily. They invested everything they had in the newspaper and borrowed money from Anna's mother and brother Jamie, but it ultimately failed. Their marriage also failed. Berdiger left Phoenix, while Anna continued to fight until the summer of 1948. In the face of strong opposition, Anna defended herself by saying, "I love to fight reactionary monopolies, and I hate the fact that they are now winning in so many areas of this country." She divorced John in 1949. Berdiger remarried, but on October 29, 1950, he jumped to his death from the seventh floor of a New York hotel.
Anna was indefatigable and started over again.In 1952 she married Dr. James A. Halstead. Dr. Halsted was very interested in mind-body therapy. Mr. and Mrs. Anna lived a quiet life in California, with occasional trips to Iran or Washington. A Fulbright Scholar, Dr. Halstead was also a member of the Veterans Administration in Washington, D.C. The couple built a medical school in Iran in 1960.
The couple later returned to New York, where Anna died of throat cancer in 1975 and is buried in Hyde Park, her birthplace. Anna and Doyle's son changed his last name from Doyle to Roosevelt.
James Roosevelt
Roosevelt and Anna Elinor Roosevelt's second child, the eldest
Born: December 23, 1907 Birthplace: Hyde Park, New York
Died: August 13, 1991 Age at death: 85 years and 9 months
Cause of death: stroke, long-term Parkinson's disease
Education: Groton Preparatory School, Harvard University, Boston University School of Law
Occupation: businessman, politician, teacher
Spouse: Bessie Cushing; Romelle Theresa Sneed; Gladys
Eileen Owens
Number of children: Cushing, 3; Sneed and Owens, none.
People say the eldest son of Franklin and Elinor inherited his father's charisma, boundless energy, and his father's talent for oratory and eloquence. James was 26 when his father was elected president. He attended Harvard University after graduating from Groton Preparatory School, an all-boys school, and eventually completed his studies at Boston University Law School. After graduation he entered the insurance business.
James, known as "Jamie," was head of his father's campaign in Massachusetts, and after his father was elected president, Jamie felt it was his responsibility to advise him on appointments to his father's new administration. However, this move was met with strong public opposition. So Jamie left for Europe. Upon his return to the United States again, he was rumored to have been considered for the position of Secretary to the President, but due to strong public opposition, FDR was forced to give up on this intention. But in any case, Jamie had his own ideas.
In 1935, nearing his prime, Jamie became president of the National Grain Fermentation Company, which produced industrial alcohol. This time the public again picked holes in the president's son, with rumors that the company's back office had ties to the Mafia and that Jamie had been elected because of his status as the president's son. Jamie became a target again. He resigned, claiming that he had more important things to do because of time conflicts.
After that, Jamie traveled with his father to South America as an assistant to the president to attend the Conference of the Americas. His rank was Lieutenant Commander in the Navy. The move was again criticized and he resigned again, but remained in service to his father.
In 1938 Jamie returned to the insurance business and became one of the "big spenders" among young people with assets of $250 million to $1 million. The public was outraged. Jamie spoke out on a radio broadcast in defense of his dignity and interests. But he left the insurance business for the movie business, and soon became president of Gideon's Pictures, eventually founding his own studio and producing westerns.
In World War II, Jamie served as a Navy captain and was assigned as an inspector in the Middle and Far East. To get to the front, he had to bring out his father to convince his superiors that an ulcer wouldn't prevent him from carrying out his mission. He was right. Not only did he fight, he received the Silver Star for bravery as he moved with the Army to Guadalcanal, Delaware and the Middle East Pacific.
President Roosevelt died in 1945. After the war, Jamie left the Army and returned to California to serve as spokesman for the Democratic Party.
Immediately, Jamie ran unsuccessfully against Earl Warren for the office of Governor of California, but his political career did not end there. He effortlessly served six consecutive terms in the House of Representatives for his Los Angeles congressional district, and was also a member of the U.S. delegation to the United Nations from 1965 to 1966, but he eventually resigned from that post to return to the business world, controversially joining Nixon's side of the Democratic Party in 1972.In the 1980s, he became more politically focused, and founded the National Committee to Guarantee Social Security and Medicare.
In his later years, Jamie returned to California and continued to serve at various universities. He died in Newport Beach, Calif.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
The third child of Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt, second son
Born: March 18, 1909 Born: Hyde Park, New York
Died: November 8, 1909 Age at death: 8 months
Cause of death: influenza?
Franklin and Elinor's third child, the first to share his father's name, died at less than nine months. As you can imagine, it was a blow to the Roosevelt family, a child who grew up in an influential family and whose early death brought untold pain. The 20th-century presidential giant was not yet famous in 1909, and history records only one death in the family of one of Theodore Roosevelt's not-so-wealthy distant relatives, and that's about it.
Elliott Roosevelt
Fourth child and third son of Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt
Born: September 23, 1910 Birthplace: Hyde Park, New York
Died: October 27, 1990 Age at death: 80 years and 1 month
Cause of death: heart disease Education: Groton Prep School
Occupation. >Occupation: businessman, soldier, writer
Spouses: Elizabeth Browning Donner; Ruth Josephine Guggins; Fia Emerson; Minerva Bell Ross; Bebottie
Number of children: 1 Donner; 3 Guggins; none other
Shortly after Elliott's birth, his father was elected to the New York State Assembly. He was the third of five grown children and grew up in Hyde Park. Like his other brothers, he attended Groton Preparatory School, but in a break with family tradition, he didn't continue his schooling and instead began working. He entered the world of advertising and was already a minor success before his father's presidency.
Elliott always had a keen interest in flying and eventually became a renowned expert in the flying world. It was this hobby that led to a chance meeting with Anthony Forney, and when Eliot spoke for the German manufacturer of Fokker airplanes it drew headlines and gave Roosevelt's enemies an excuse to attack Roosevelt. As a result of this scandal, Eliot returned to broadcasting and settled on a ranch in his second wife's hometown of Forth Worth, Texas. His second wife was the heiress here, Ruth Josephine Gougins.
Before the U.S. entered World War II, Elliott was commissioned a captain in the U.S. Air Force, once again breaking with the Roosevelt family's tradition of joining the Navy, even though his brother and Uncle Theodore had plenty of Navy acquaintances. He was awarded the USAF Medal, the Legion of Honor, and the Air Force Cross of Honor Oak in World War II. He was also commissioned as Commander of the British Air Force and received the French Medal of Honor and the De Gaulle Palm. But when Congress discussed promoting Elliott to brigadier general, Senator Bushfield of South Dakota objected, saying, "General Robert E. Lee served 36 years in the military before he was promoted to brigadier general, Eisenhower 30 years, General Posnin 24 years, and General MacArthur 21 years." But despite the dissent, Elliott was promoted to brigadier general after four years of service.
Bushfield's views were played up by the press. Newspapers told of Elliott's dogs coming back from Europe treated better than lower-ranking soldiers who didn't have a presidential father. It was rumored that Elliot even ran over a soldier to bring the dog back. The press even devoted a day of rallying to the dog.
Elliott's life was also always full of contradictions. Before the war, it was revealed, he borrowed $200,000 in 1939 and paid back only $4,000. It was also rumored that because he was the president's son, the rest of the debt was wiped out. Elliott's defense that the $200,000 belonged to his wife was considered by congressional hearings to no avail.
After the war, Elliott raised Arabian horses in Portugal for a while, and in the 1960s he returned to the U.S. and was elected mayor of Miami Bay, Fla.
At another time, he worked as a flight editor for the Hearst Newspapers. That occupation became the fulcrum of his life balance. his first book about his father, "As He Saw It," was published in 1946. The book was considered for the most part not to be a colorful tribute to Roosevelt, and one reviewer in London even went so far as to say that the book did nothing but prove that great men often have foolish children. But the critic was proved wrong, both in his review of the book and in his comments about Eliot's interest in mechanics. Eliot wrote thirteen more books, while developing many other hobbies. The style and subject matter of the books were often criticized, and at times his detailed descriptions of the lives of family members in his books forced his siblings into public denial. In another book he portrayed his mother, Elinor, as solving problems in the White House like police dog Angela Lansbury.
After traveling the world and changing his residence from time to time, Eliot died in Scottsdale, Ariz. Though the son of a president, it's hard to imagine anyone else of his time dealing as successfully as he did with the attacks he received for being the son of a president. After savoring life, Elliott left the world.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jr.
The fifth child and fourth son of Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt
Born: August 17, 1914
Birthplace: Campo Bello, New Brunswick, Georgia
Died: August 17, 1988 Age at death: 74 years old
Cause of death: unknown.
Education: Groton Preparatory School, Harvard University, University of Virginia School of Law
Occupation: lawyer, politician
Spouse: Ethel du Pont; Suzanne Pullin; Felica Shiff Wabog-Sarnoff; Patricia Oakes
Number of children: du Pont, 2; Pullin, 2; others none
Franklin Jr. was nearly 19 years old when his father became president in 1933. He graduated from Groton that same year and demonstrated his academic and athletic talents. After traveling to France, England and Spain, Franklin Jr. returned to continue his studies at Harvard.
Since the press had been capturing news of the Roosevelt family, Franklin Jr.'s college life became a target for them. They tried to find something interesting, amusing or even scandalous to satisfy public curiosity. Young Franklin hated this interference in his private life. He was not a fearful man by nature, and once he grabbed a reporter's camera and slammed it on the spot, thus creating a story for the newspaper world, which lacked news of Franklin.
In 1937, Franklin Jr. went to great lengths to finally track down Ethel Dupont. The du Pont family despised Franklin's father. Because the marriage had the flavor of "Romeo and Juliet," the public coveted the details. As a newlywed, Franklin not only completed his studies at Harvard, but also earned a law degree from Virginia Law School. He began working for a Wall Street law firm at a salary of $2,000 a year. That was a lot less even then, but it was good enough to have a job during the Great Depression.
Unlike others of his time, Franklin Jr. continued to work for the common good throughout his life and didn't give up when he got rich.
He was appointed chairman of the Equal Opportunity Commission by President Johnson in 1965. His social consciousness motivated him to engage in public ****, to oppose racial discrimination, and to work for the betterment of veterans. President Truman appointed Franklin Jr. to the U.S. Commission on Human Rights. Young Franklin Jr. also ran for office, and from 1949 to 1954 he was elected as a Liberal Democrat councilman in New York City's 20th district. he ran unsuccessfully for Governor of New York in 1966.
Franklin Jr. also carried honors as a naval officer in World War II, commanding a convoy destroyer in the Atlantic and Pacific theaters. He received the Silver Star, the General of the Red Heart and many other honors.
The son of one of America's most famous presidents was not only politically brilliant, but also accomplished in business, having owned the U.S. distribution rights for Moyat Motors. But despite his wealth, his four marriages have led to his removal from the socially acceptable "Blue Book" - the social register - in the United States. Despite this prominent family background, society's "Blue Book" once considered his behavior unacceptable.
Franklin Jr. looks back on his life and says that being the son of a president didn't affect him: "There are no noble families in America, only prominent families." He believed that each generation should succeed on its own through courage and talent.
John Aspinwall Roosevelt
Sixth child, fifth son of the Roosevelts
Born: March 13, 1916 Birthplace: Hyde Park, New York
Died: April 27, 1981 Age at death: 68 years and 1 month
Cause of death: heart disease
Education: Groton Preparatory School, Harvard University
Occupation: businessman
Spouse: Annie Lindsay Clark; Irene Bode McAlpine
Number of children: 3 Clark; none McAlpine
John was 7 when his father assumed the presidency in 1933, and, like the rest of the Roosevelt family, he quickly became famous for his mischief. His mother, however, said the youngest son was "the most disciplined of my children," and it was while they were traveling in Europe (1937) that John was accused of spraying champagne in the face of the mayor of Karnes and hitting him with a bouquet of flowers.
Shortly after returning to the United States, John married Anne Lindsay Clark, a Boston social debutante. The wedding took place in Massachusetts and was so large that 30,000 spectators gathered along the way. After the marriage, John worked in a Boston stocking store, earning $18.50 a week. The press appreciated the young man's actions and compared him to the children of other wealthy businessmen. One newspaper wrote this:
John Roosevelt, the youngest son of the Roosevelts, is happily married and living independently. He got a job and will learn to do business. This is far better than joining the ranks of dilettantes, wasting his time at cocktail parties and squandering his parents' money (as so many do).
When the United States entered World War II, John joined the Navy until the end of the war. His father died near the end of the war while John was away from the United States. He has since returned to the United States and started business again as the manager of a chain of clothing stores owned by Ferris Bueller & Company. John's private life was different from that of the rest of the family, and in 1947 his name suddenly appeared in Life magazine, accompanied by a large picture of John at work.
Except for his attempt to run for mayor when he returned to New York in 1957, John was not too interested in politics, unlike his other brothers who went into politics, but he supported others behind the scenes. In New York, he served as vice president of the Bucky Hasay Stewart Coat of Arms Company, and spent his spare time raising money for charitable causes, including the Polio Foundation, which had disabled his father.
Surprisingly Roosevelt's youngest son became more interested in politics and supported the **** and the party in his later years. He also fully supported Presidents Eisenhower, Nixon and Reagan as well as Rockefeller and Gervais in New York, competing with neighboring New Jersey. John died of a heart attack in New York just after Ronald Reagan took office.
Disability
disability; handicap
A psychosomatic state. A person in this state is unable or has difficulty adapting to life and work in normal society because of physical function or psychosomatic impairment. Disability due to illness is called invalidity. Disability caused by injury is called disability. There are three main elements that constitute disability: (1) the existence of an "end state" of organs or tissues that cannot be fully "restored" under modern medical conditions due to disease or trauma. The existence of such an end state is the pathological element of disability, also known as pathological damage. This is a necessary element of disability. (ii) There is a pathological damage caused by the physical function of the body or mental and psychological function of the body is low or lost. This is the physical dysfunction element of disability. (iii) Difficulty in accomplishing social roles appropriate to one's age, gender, and culture due to physical dysfunction or pathological impairment, which is the social role disorder of disability. It is also called social dysfunction and social environment disorder. Disabled people in the narrow sense mainly refer to those who have all three elements at the same time or those who have social role impairment as the main disability, and they are the objects of disability that the government and society are concerned about. Disability in the broader sense actually refers to people with physical functioning disabilities. Disability in the broader sense also refers to physical functioning disability in general. Persons with disabilities should be understood, respected, cared for and assisted by society. "Persons with disabilities have the right to participate fully in society and to have the same opportunities as able-bodied persons in respect of family life, education, employment, housing, participation in political associations, access to public *** facilities, and the pursuit of economic autonomy." This is the basic tenet set out in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (1978.12.9).
Taking measures to prevent the onset of disability or to eliminate it at an early stage is the primary task and goal set forth in the United Nations World Program of Action for Disabled Persons (1983-1992). The first step is to establish a local system of dynamic analysis and research into the epidemiology of the causes of disability. The 10 major causes of disability (diseases, genetic variations and congenital malformations, malnutrition, drug and toxic injuries, psychological shocks during social and family changes, traffic accidents, occupational diseases and occupational accidents, environmental pollution, natural disasters, and wars) should be subjected to regionally targeted statistical analyses year by year, so as to provide a basis for region-specific preventive decision-making. In addition, a comprehensive two-tiered prevention program is being promoted from the medical and health care and administrative perspectives, and is being gradually implemented. The key to preventing childhood disabilities is to control congenital and hereditary diseases. Strict control of consanguineous marriages and systematic genetic testing of pregnancies are central to prevention efforts.
Frank Robert
Born: August 27, 1839
Birthplace: Concord, Bushehr, N.J.
Died: November 14, 1843
Age at death: 4 years and 3 months
Little is known about Franklin and Jane Pierce's first two sons, but understandably that the untimely deaths of these two sons led to Jane's insanity, and she insisted that Pierce no longer be involved in Washington politics.
But all of Jane's defenses are to no avail. She finally convinces her husband to resign his Senate post and move back to New Hampshire, believing it will be safer, but her second son dies anyway.
When her only other son, Benny, dies tragically in a railroad accident, her already frayed nerves are completely shattered. As the country's first lady, she couldn't come to terms with the deaths of her children and spent her days mumbling to her dead children. She spent most of her time in the White House sitting room, hating her husband's political activities and never getting involved.