X-rays are a very short wavelength, a lot of energy electromagnetic waves, medical X-rays wavelength of 10-3 ~ 10-1nm, and its role in the body and the pathological reaction caused by radiation damage is called. Ionizing radiation damage to the human body, mainly X-rays of ionizing radiation excitation caused by the biological effects, it can directly destroy the body's macromolecular structure and the enzymes important to the material metabolism. It can induce cancer, and also lead to hair loss, skin burns, radioactive cataracts, leukemia and so on.
Shielded protection and distance protection:
Shielded protection refers to the use of substances with a high atomic number, often lead or lead-containing substances, as a barrier to absorb unwanted X-rays. Distance protection refers to the principle that X-ray exposure is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, by increasing the distance between the X-ray source and the human body in order to reduce the exposure. Increasing the distance between the body and the X-ray source for distance protection is a simple protective measure.
Time protection:
Time protection is to minimize the exposure time of the X-ray, in order to meet the diagnostic and therapeutic quality of the premise, the shorter the exposure time, the operator's exposure to the smaller, the two are proportional to the relationship. Good time protection requires the operator of the X-ray machine, skilled, to avoid repeated exposure.
Operator protection:
Operators should be aware of self-protection and refuse unreasonable medical exposure. In order to avoid unnecessary exposure to X-rays, they should wear protective gear (lead aprons, lead bibs, lead hats, lead eyes, lead gloves, dental protective skirts, etc.) to cover up.