Does anyone know about the 75.8 flood?

August 3, 1975, that year, the third (7503) typhoon landed in Hualien, Taiwan, landing maximum wind speed of 55 m / s (wind force of 16), and then through central Taiwan into the Taiwan Strait, the 4th in Jinjiang, Fujian again landed, landed the maximum wind speed of 35 m / s (wind force of 12), the same day in the western part of Fujian weakened into a low pressure and continue to northwestbound, through Jiangxi, Hunan Into Hubei, and then moved to the south of Henan and folded to the southwest, 8 disappeared in Hubei. Due to the intensity of the typhoon, typhoon low pressure deep inland, long stagnation time, coupled with the impact of other factors, resulting in a wide range of persistent rainfall in China, which appeared in central Henan, "75.8" very heavy rainfall, suitable for the present also maintains the Chinese mainland from 20 minutes to 72 hours of each period of the rainfall of the extreme value of the Uyang County, Linzhuang 6 hours! Linzhuang, Uyang County, 6 hours of rainfall amounted to 830 millimeters.　The mega typhoon rainstorm brought unprecedented disaster to Henan Province, Henan Province, Zhumadian area of Banqiao, Shimantan two large reservoirs, as well as two medium-sized reservoirs and 58 small reservoirs in just a few hours of dam collapse, 5.7 billion cubic meters of flood water, so that the Zhumadian area of the 10 counties (towns) into a swamp country, together with Xuchang, Zhoukou, Nanyang, the number of people affected by the disaster of 11 million people, the death toll of 240,000 (drowning), the late food shortages and the poor, and the poor, and the poor, and the poor. 100,000, later due to a lack of food, water and epidemic infected successive deaths of 140,000), the Beijing-Guangzhou artery interruption of up to 18 days, the economic loss of nearly 10 billion yuan. Qian Zhengying, then Minister of Water Resources and Electric Power, said: this is the Chinese people *** and the country since the establishment of the largest area affected by the largest number of deaths of the major floods, is the most painful lesson in water conservancy.　In addition, by the 7503 typhoon, fujian, jiangxi, hunan, hubei, anhui and other provinces were also affected to varying degrees, the affected farmland 5.39 million mu, 208 people died, more than 560 people were injured, more than 60,000 collapsed houses. Specifics The time has changed, the whole 30 years have passed, let us look back and gaze at that has been annihilated by the monstrous flood ...... Banqiao Reservoir was built in 1951.In August 1975, Zhumadian area precipitation of extremely heavy rainfall, 6 hours of rainfall of 860 millimeters for the world's largest. The incoming flow exceeded the design standard of the Banqiao Reservoir. 1:00 a.m. on August 8, the flood was 1.75 meters above the top of the dam and overflowed along the entire length of the dam, causing the dam to collapse.　　In fact, the occurrence of the catastrophe was foreshadowed. Zhumadian area "75.8" flood chronicle "and many other materials are recorded: 1975, in the rainy summer, Zhumadian area, Uyang County, Banqiao Commune, the people have seen the river cut off, the ponds dry up, the seedlings withered and died of severe drought.　August 4, Xiping, Linying, Uyang, Fangcheng, Zhushan and other places observed: sunrise did not show purple, dark clouds, South Rainbow appeared, ants moving, rats on the tree, the dog does not eat, chickens on the tree, snakes out of their holes and other anomalies appeared. Farmers and women are strange: their own chickens and ducks flying and jumping around, screaming; pigs running around in the circle, refusing to be quiet; the dog is jumping up and down, a big yellow dog even jumped up on the roof, up to the sky whistling wildly.　　Panchiao Reservoir Authority yard has a hug thick old acacia tree, the tree has a number of bowl size, more than a foot deep hole in the tree. These holes are dry on sunny days, cloudy days blotting, but no one has ever seen the water in the tree hole overflowed. However, on the morning of August 4, the water in several tree holes kept overflowing.　　The water in Banqiao Reservoir also began to be muddy, and there were ants everywhere below the dam. Banqiao Reservoir downstream of the slope, gathered black crows, driving not to go, more than noisy. 8:10 or so, the sky suddenly split a dazzling lightning, followed by a huge thunderbolt exploded in mid-air, and for a time, thunder and lightning. With the help of electric light, people found that the sky had turned from indigo to inky blue, and the clouds were tumbling dramatically, as if they wanted to send thunder and lightning to the ground.　　The precursor of a great disaster appeared.　　On July 31, 1975, Typhoon No. 3 formed over the Pacific Ocean, and on August 7, it entered the Zhumadian area. Before the typhoon arrived, the Zhumadian area had already begun to rain heavily over a large area. at noon on August 5, the water rose sharply and the first flood peaks appeared. Heavy rain poured down, a few steps away from the invisible people. From the doorway of the house with an empty washbasin to reach out to receive water, telescopic hand between can receive a full basin. In the night time, Banqiao Reservoir Authority yard water has been more than 1 meter, switchboard room and other more than 70 houses were flooded and collapsed, the reservoir area telephone interruption. Authority and the reservoir upstream of Longwangmiao, Peach Blossom Shop, Flint Hill, Ant Gully, Lime Cave, Ancestor Temple and other rainfall stations all lost contact.　　Banqiao street average of more than two feet of water, supply and marketing agencies, banks and other houses were all washed down by the water. The water outside the dam because of the irrigation canal obstacles can not be released, resulting in from east to west backflow, flooded the reservoir dam base. A large number of houses collapsed in the streets, and the cries of the residents were loud and clear. The local garrison and Banqiao Commune cadres organized their forces to fight against the flood and organized the evacuation of the people to the northern mountains in a panic.　　Consecutive days of heavy rainfall so that the water level of Banqiao Reservoir soared, coupled with poor communication, reservoir management personnel in the absence of orders from higher levels, do not dare to drain a large number of flood relief, and a large number of floodwaters from the Shimantan Reservoir quickly flow into the Banqiao Reservoir, accelerating the speed of the Banqiao Reservoir water level soaring.　　At 19:30 on August 7, the Reservoir Authority with the local garrison of military communications equipment to the higher authorities issued a special special emergency power, said: "Banqiao Reservoir water level rose sharply, the situation is very critical, the water surface from the top of the dam is only 1.3 meters, and then 300 millimeters of rainfall reservoir on the danger of dam collapse!"　　At 00:20 on the 8th, the Reservoir Management Bureau for the second time to the higher authorities issued a special special emergency power, requesting the use of aircraft to blow up the secondary spillway, to ensure the safety of the dam. However, the same as the first urgent telegram, this telegram also failed to reach the hands of the higher authorities.　　Forty minutes later, the high floodwaters overflowed the dam. The Reservoir Management Bureau sent a special emergency telegram to the higher authorities for the third time, reporting that the reservoir had broken. 4 o'clock, the local garrison of the reservoir moved the walkie-talkie antenna on the roof of the house at the risk of being struck by lightning, and contacted the higher authorities to report the danger of the Banqiao Reservoir. At the same time, in order to report the dangerous situation of the reservoir in time for the downstream people to move urgently, in the critical situation of not being able to communicate with the outside world, the garrison fired two red flares, two rounds each time, downstream at the south end of the dam. Another 3 flares were fired at the north dam head to warn the downstream. This was followed by 10 more flares and 40 rounds of gunfire. However, since there was no prior agreement on alarm signals in times of crisis, the downstream people did not know what was happening when they saw the flares.　　In the early morning of the 8th, the flood water, like a wild horse out of control, rushed out of the break in the Banqiao Reservoir and rushed downstream at a speed of 6 meters per second.　The tragedy was so profound that houses could not be seen in the vast area of Suiping County, and it was a sea of water. In some places you could see the tops of trees and the tall chimneys of a factory in the county town, but nothing else.　　The floodwaters cascaded from the reservoir all the way to the 50-kilometer-long banks of the Ru River at the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. Washed to the Suyuhu Lake Reservoir, three 60-ton oil tanks, was twisted into twisted railroad tracks, was overturned Suiping County Beijing-Guangzhou Highway Bridge ...... are telling the world the power of the flood demon. Reporters from the Zhumadian party history department to provide information to see:After the flood, the village, houses, roads, bridges, trees, nothing left, miserable.　　Zhu Chengzhao, then secretary of the county party committee of Uyang, has ordered the members of the two communes of Panqiao and Shahedian to retreat in an emergency, but the speed of the flood is much faster than the pace of escape. Banqiao people all evacuated, but Shahedian commune 827 people buried in the flood.　　Even more unfortunate was the Wencheng Commune in Suiping County, just across the water from Shahedian Commune, which did not know what was going on when people in Uyang evacuated. 1 a.m. on the morning of the 8th, 60-meter-high floodwaters suddenly arrived like a turning river, and Wencheng, a village that had been a farming village for many generations, disappeared in a moment! The entire commune of 36,000 people, more than 18,000 people were killed!　　After the Banqiao Reservoir collapsed at 1:00 a.m. on the morning of the 8th, in just one hour, floodwaters rushed into the city of Suiping County, 45 kilometers away. 400,000 people in Suiping County, half of them drifted into the water, some were strangled to death by tangled electric wires and barbed wire on the way, some were asphyxiated by being swept into culverts, and many more drowned in the whirlpools of floodwaters as they toppled over the high slopes of the railroad line on the Beijing-Guangzhou line. In just six hours, the Banqiao Reservoir dumped 701 million cubic meters of floodwater downstream. By the time it reached the territory of Suiping County, [color=red]the water was 10 kilometers wide and the waves were 3 to 7 meters high[/color]. The 830 square kilometers of Suiping County were in a sea of water. Villages, large and small, were swept away by the floodwaters.　　The Banqiao Reservoir was drained 5 hours after the dam collapsed. The land of 14 communes and 133 brigades along the Ru River suffered a rare impact disaster. Flooding, the fields on the cooked soil was scraped, black soil is gone, leaving a creepy bright yellow.　　At 23:45 on August 8, Zhumadian Regional Flood Control Command reported to the Central Flood Control Headquarters: "Xiping, Suiping, Uyang three counties from 20:00 yesterday until now, due to line disruption, railroads, highways washed out, has been out of contact, the situation is unknown. According to the results of the inspection we sent to check this afternoon, houses are invisible in the vast area of Suiping County, and it is a sea of water. A little treetop was seen in isolated places, and the high chimney of a factory in that county town could be seen, but nothing else was visible."　　According to statistics, the flood affected 30 counties (cities) in Zhumadian, Xuchang, Zhoukou and Nanyang. The affected population was 10.155 million, with [color=red]865,000 people[/color] suffering devastating disasters. The whole Zhumadian area 96% of the area affected, many places a sea, the average depth of water 3 ~ 7 meters. Banqiao Reservoir 4 kilometers east of the village of Dalu Chen villagers later described: "look at the distance white, close to see empty, into the village no road, only a tree."　　After the flood, Zhumadian local party committee to the CPC Central Committee, the State Council, the Central Military Commission, Henan Provincial Party Committee and the provinces and cities across the country sent an emergency telegram for help, and organized the whole region at all levels of party members and cadres, composed of rescue detachments, in-depth anti-flood front line, to rescue the people. From August 8 to September 5, the military districts, the Railway Command, the North Sea Fleet, the East China Sea Fleet, the Henan Provincial Military Region and other units rushed to the Zhumadian disaster area to fight floods and rescue troops, has reached 66 units, 42,618 people.　　According to post-disaster statistics, in this big flood, in addition to the state aid Zhumadian disaster area of more than 300 million yuan, all walks of life across the country and the People's Liberation Army spontaneous donations of money and goods, according to the price at the time of the calculation also amounted to more than 300 million yuan after the flood painfully thinking ......　After 30 years, now Zhumadian has been revitalized. 1986 Banqiao Reservoir reconstruction project was included in the national "Seventh Five-Year" period of key engineering projects.