According to the specific requirements of the museum security system, this paper introduces the composition and design of each subsystem of the museum security system.
Key words: museum technology, intrusion prevention, alarm, CCTV monitoring, access control, power supply, lightning protection.
Museums are an important cultural foundation of the country.
The cultural relics in the collection are intangible historical, artistic and scientific values left by human beings. According to the development trend and present situation of museums, the country is building a large number of museums, especially in March 2008, which shows the charm of cultural resources. In order to ensure the safety of cultural relics, the importance of security system as a technical preventive measure for cultural relics protection is self-evident.
Using electronic technology to design a reasonable, perfect, stable and reliable security system.
1 civil air defense and physical defense (physical defense)
Civil air defense and physical defense are traditional means of prevention and the basis of safety prevention. Physical prevention is object prevention. On the premise of not affecting the display, use and overall design, the perimeter protection facilities, doors and windows, and display cabinets should be made strong, leaving no opportunities for criminals.
It is best to use explosion-proof glass, glued glass or explosion-proof film for the showcase.
The physical protection of the central control room is also very important. It has a separate bathroom.
2 technical prevention
With ...? Give priority to prevention, combine prevention with fighting, and nip in the bud? This policy is based on the principle of combining physical defense, technical defense and organizational management prevention. Full protection? The guiding ideology is to control criminals outside the protected area or within a certain range, provide favorable conditions and evidence collection for cracking down on criminal acts, give full play to the purpose of prevention, realize the functions of preventing theft, robbery and delaying criminal acts, and cooperate with security personnel.
We should not only use advanced computer technology, control technology, information technology and intelligent graphic display technology, but also combine the characteristics of the museum, start from the actual use function, display design and demand, adopt advanced, mature and reliable electronic technology to monitor, control and manage each subsystem, and effectively combine with other related systems to mobilize all available resources to maximize its function and efficiency.
2. 1 intrusion alarm system
(1) perimeter alarm.
Perimeter protection is the first line of defense of intrusion alarm system, which can provide a strong basis for the personnel on duty to deal with the alarm situation at the first time. At present, the commonly used perimeter alarm devices in China include: active infrared radiation detectors, vibration cables, leakage cables, electronic fences, high-voltage protective nets, video mobile alarms and other products.
At present, most leakage cable channels are outdoor perimeter intrusion detection systems, which can detect and alarm moving metal objects or people and animals.
The detailed and broad sensitivity adjustment function can be set at will according to environmental changes, so it has the function of preventing false alarm of pets, filtering out the interference of small animals, such as dogs and kittens, in the protected area, and eliminating the phenomenon of missing and false alarm. Perfect adaptability, not affected by environmental temperature, humidity, wind and rain smoke, tree shaking and other changes.
(2) Channel alarm.
Channel alarm refers to the protection of public areas, entrances and exits, windows and channels, and is the second line of defense of intrusion alarm system. At present, the commonly used detectors include passive infrared detector, microwave detector, double detector, curtain infrared detector, infrared fence, door magnetic switch, vibration detector and glass breakage detector.
If the installation location and environment are shaking, it is best not to use the door magnetic switch. According to the climate change in different regions, outdoor testing equipment with high and low temperature resistance should be used.
(3) Space alarm.
The third line of defense of intrusion alarm system is indoor space protection. At present, the widely used products are passive infrared detectors, dual detectors, microwave detectors, video mobile alarms and so on. The selection, use and installation of space protection equipment are suitable for different places. According to the different risk levels, corresponding detection methods should be adopted (originally more than three technologies). Detectors with anti-blocking and anti-disassembly functions should be considered when selecting detection equipment, and detectors resistant to high and low temperatures should be selected according to the temperature difference.
The higher the sensitivity, the higher the relative false alarm rate.
Double detectors overcome the shortcomings of single technology detectors and are widely used at present. Its principle is to integrate two detectors with different technical principles, and only when the sensors of the two detection technologies detect the movement of the human body can the detection equipment give an alarm.
(4) The display case gives an alarm.
Window alarm is the last protective measure of intrusion alarm system. At present, the commonly used detection devices include multi-dimensional standing wave detector, existence detector, infrared curtain detector, pressure sensor, tension sensor and so on. Closed independent display cabinets, small and medium-sized display cabinets and multi-dimensional standing wave detectors are effective. The existing detectors are effective for large display cabinets, and the combination of pressure sensors and infrared curtain detectors is also effective.
For exposed cultural relics, famous paintings, sculptures, etc. , image alarm or infrared detection equipment can be used, and on-site voice linkage prompt equipment can be added at the same time.
(5) Alarm control system.
The core of intrusion alarm system is alarm control system, which can also be called control center alarm system. The standard response time of alarm control system cannot exceed 2s, and the larger the system, the longer the response time. If a host has too many alarm points, few systems can achieve less than 2s.
For units with more alarm points, alarm hosts can be added and carried in different areas for more than 2s, which can avoid alarm response time.
2.2 CCTV monitoring system
Closed-circuit television monitoring system has three functions: one is to check the image when giving an alarm; the other is to store the image data to provide a real basis for future inquiry and retrieval events; and the third is to manage, grasp the visitors' visit during the opening period, and facilitate command and dispatch when an alarm is found.
The installation position and number of cameras are configured according to the actual situation of each museum and the layout of Chen Zhan.
It is best to cover all open areas, but the simplest way to ensure that the camera can present effective images at night is to set up auxiliary light sources and link field lights or infrared integrated cameras after alarm.
However, when using infrared compensation equipment, the life of infrared lamp should be fully considered.
2.3 entrance and exit control system
Access control system is also called access control system. According to the risk level, all kinds of entrances and exits that need to be controlled, according to different traffic objects and traffic levels, are controlled, managed and supervised in real time.
The system has the function of linkage with automatic fire alarm system and video monitoring system.
In order to strengthen the safety management of the entrances and exits of important parts, the museum installs inductive card readers or password keyboards at the entrances of restricted passages in warehouses and important entrances and exits such as warehouses and exhibition halls to control personnel's access.
Choose different control modes according to different places, such as bidirectional control mode and multiple control mode.
Every time an entry is made effectively, the system will automatically store the relevant information of the entry personnel, such as entry time, import and export number, etc. , and can carry out effective statistics, records and archiving every day. The system should have all kinds of self-diagnosis and fault detection functions for equipment running status and signal transmission lines, and also have the function of anti-destruction alarm.
2.4 Power supply system and lightning protection
The normal operation of technical defense equipment depends on the stability and safety of power supply system. When designing the museum security system, we should first consider the centralized power supply mode, so that the power supply line between the control room and the equipment is not easy to be destroyed by people. The front-end equipment power supply is centralized through the control room, and the battery backup for the intrusion alarm system should be considered for 8 hours to 10 hours.
Lightning protection is an accessory equipment to ensure the normal operation of technical defense equipment. The power supply system of the museum control room should consider the lightning protection of power supply, outdoor equipment should consider the lightning protection of video, power supply and data, and all the signal transmission of ancient museums and outdoor equipment should consider lightning protection measures.
3 Conclusion
The security system of the museum is mainly based on civil air defense and physical defense, and the combination of technology and defense. Technical defense is based on intrusion alarm system and access control system, with sound inspection, image inspection and video monitoring, communication and intercom, patrol system as the basic components, which effectively combines various subsystems and realizes various functions under the management and control of computer.
So as to form a modern security system with high degree of automation, high degree of intelligence, perfect function setting and strong comprehensive prevention ability.
refer to
Technical specification for safety prevention engineering [S].GB50348-2004.
[2] Code for Electrical Design of Civil Buildings [S]. JJ16-2008.
[3] Provisions on the Danger Level and Safety Protection Level of the Museum of Cultural Relics System [S].GA27-2002.
Design and application of museum security technology prevention system II
The design concept, design standard and application of new security technology of the security technology prevention system directly determine the implementation of the security system, the use effect and prevention ability after the system is completed.
Connecting with the actual situation of a museum, this paper expounds the design of the museum security system from the aspects of design principles, system functions and technical standards.
It takes intrusion alarm image inspection and TV monitoring system as the core, supplemented by sound inspection and other subsystems, and integrates multiple subsystems through computer control technology to form a security system with perfect function setting and strong comprehensive prevention ability.
Keywords museum; Security system; Security technology; System design; Control room design
Security technology prevention is a kind of safety management activity which is people-oriented, combined with the current advanced monitoring technology and physical prevention measures to form an efficient, comprehensive and comprehensive security service guarantee system [1].
Whether the security technology prevention system can be scientifically and reasonably designed and applied in the field of museum security is a topic discussed by many decision makers engaged in security engineering design and museum security, and it is also the main topic that the national cultural relics administrative department needs to demonstrate when approving the security design scheme of the museum of cultural relics system.
Taking the security technology prevention system of a museum as an example, this paper briefly analyzes and discusses the design and application of the security system for your reference and correction.
1 design idea of museum security system
The large-scale museum covers an area of more than 50,000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 20,000 square meters, and has more than 30,000 pieces of cultural relics, including more than 600 sets of national first-class cultural relics. Therefore, the design of the system should be based on the first-class protection risk level standard. The hierarchical division of security technology prevention system needs three layers of protection provided by security measures: external intrusion protection, regional protection and target protection.
In the running state, as long as criminals have the intention and behavior of invasion, the whole security system can be found in time to promote alarm response so as to take emergency measures.
The operator in the control room can know the activities of suspicious personnel entering the prevention area through the security system. When he wants to touch the target, the security system should be able to play the role of alarm as the last line of defense.
If all other preventive measures fail, the security system should also record all the information before and after the incident to facilitate the analysis of the incident [2].
2. Functional design of safety system
Security system is the basis of daily security work in museums, and it is an indispensable and important technical means to build a three-dimensional protection system.
It is mainly composed of image inspection, TV monitoring system, sound inspection system, entrance control system, electronic patrol system and wired intercom system. Each subsystem is independent and can be integrated with the support of interface and software, thus forming a complete museum security system.
1) intrusion prevention alarm system.
Anti-intrusion alarm system is mainly used to detect illegal intrusion. By installing detection devices in important positions and areas inside and outside the building, once there is illegal intrusion, the system can alarm the control center in time, thus achieving the purpose of protection.
The detection equipment can be equipped with various detectors such as double detectors, infrared detectors, microwave detectors, glass breakers, etc., including magnetic control switch, alarm linkage decoder, camera and sound recheck device.
The system adopts bus mode. The alarm control bus is led from M2050 matrix in the control room to the monitoring site. The on-site alarm linkage decoder M800CIY is directly connected to the alarm control bus, and the alarm detector is directly connected to M800CIY. Each alarm detector provides a separate alarm address, and two magnetic switches of double switches use one alarm address.
The main control computer checks the front-end collector through the bus, receives alarm information and sends various instructions;
2) Image and sound inspection and TV monitoring system.
The TV monitoring system consists of a host computer, a video-audio matrix switcher, a monitor MP20C, a 29-inch color TV set, a hard disk video recorder, a multi-screen splitter, etc.
The video signal of the image review and TV monitoring system is transmitted through the point-to-point video baseband, and the power switch of the camera is connected to the relay control port of the collector. In order to ensure the quality of image signals at night, a spotlight with a power of 200W is set, and the spotlight power supply is connected to the relay control port of the alarm linkage box. Through the collector, alarm, image and sound can be linked.
The sound detection system is directly connected to the audio matrix of the control room through the sound detection device, and the audio signals can be switched in real time.
3) All-in-one card system.
The system adopts mature and reliable contact card swiping control device, which is combined with the patrol system to form a one-card system.
The entrance and exit card readers mainly include the entrances and exits of key areas such as cultural relics exhibition rooms, warehouses, protection centers and control centers.
The staff's magnetic card identification signals are different. By identifying different card numbers, the system allows or prohibits relevant personnel from entering and leaving different areas. At the same time, the credit card information and access time of all areas in a certain period of time are automatically stored and recorded. Once a suspicious event occurs, it can be analyzed.
4) Off-line inspection system.
Set up patrol points in key areas such as main entrances and exits, buildings and the periphery of protected areas. Patrol members should carry patrol equipment with them and patrol according to the established route. Every time you arrive at a patrol point, you should effectively read the patrol equipment in front of the logo and store the patrol information in the patrol equipment.
The administrator can import the patrol data into the computer by using the data cable, and read the data through the patrol management software, store or print the patrol report, thus completing the effective management of the patrol members;
5) Wired communication system.
Wired communication consists of wired intercom host NEM-30 and wired intercom extension NA? A. The wired intercom host is set in the central control room, and the wired intercom extension is set in the important passages of the exhibition halls and warehouses of the museum.
The communication system forms a wired communication network between the central control room, the exhibition hall and the important passages in the museum. The control center is equipped with a telephone, which communicates with 1 10 and is connected with the museum communication system.
3 design and application of central control room
According to the relevant management regulations, the central control room should be set as a restricted area, and the construction area of the museum central control room is more than 30 square meters.
There is a master computer in the room, the alarm bus is connected to the matrix, and the audio bus is connected to the audio matrix.
The person on duty can select the image of any camera in the monitoring area and watch the image data of each monitoring point in the monitor through the add-drop multiplexer; At the same time, a digital image processing and storage database system is established by using hard disk video recording system, which can record and record key parts in real time for 24 hours. Through the system, all alarm detectors can be fortified or disarmed through the matrix keyboard, and in some parts, directional protection can be carried out according to the importance and risk level requirements of different parts and field conditions.
4 conclusion
Museums with different risk levels should have a thorough and detailed understanding and grasp of the national security system management regulations, design standards and norms when adopting security system design schemes.
When applying high-tech security system, we should focus on the reality and development trend of the museum, and implement the planning, design and compilation of security system engineering according to the relevant mandatory standards in the cultural relics system, so as to achieve the corresponding risk level protection standards, so as to achieve the goal of zero risk prevention of cultural relics safety.
refer to
Zhao Hongmei. On the prevention of safety technology [J]. Mass Standardization, 2005 (7): 3 1-32.
[2] Meng Jian-Van. Design of the first-class risk large-scale museum security system [J]. Security Technology, 2003 (3): 23-24.