Electromagnetic radiation and health
The twentieth century is known as the electrical age, power stations, transmission lines more and more, a variety of electrical appliances deep into the factories, laboratories, offices, and ordinary residents of the home. However, whether electromagnetic fields, especially those at industrial frequencies (50-60 HZ), have an effect on human health has always been a matter of concern.
In the early 1960s, experts began to discuss this issue. At first, the experts' attention was focused on the role of electric fields and ignored the role of magnetic fields. Because people at that time mistakenly thought that the magnetic component of this electromagnetic field is very small, it is impossible to produce a perceptible effect on human health. The relevant health care standards of many countries only stipulate the standard of the permissible electric field component in the electromagnetic field of industrial frequency; in the manufacture of all kinds of electrical equipment and appliances as well as the erection of transmission lines, only the standard of the electric field component is taken into consideration, but not the permissible maximum limit of the magnetic field component. However, a large number of investigations and statistical analyses later showed that magnetic fields can also affect human health. For example, the probability of the occurrence of a variety of tumors in the human body is closely related to the exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Experts and some governmental institutions in many European and American countries are convinced that low-frequency magnetic fields significantly increase the incidence of the following diseases: leukocytosis and leukemia (especially harmful to children), cancer, neonatal physical defects, breast cancer, brain tumors, malignant lymphomas, neurological tumors, the development of astrocytes, chronic myelocyte-like leukemia, chromosomal aberrations and so on. Some reports also indicate that a decrease in the secretion of some hormones under the action of electromagnetic fields may also be responsible for the development of breast tumors.
About the harm of cell phones on the body, so far there is no most direct evidence? The carrots and this polyester lemon only? Therefore and apes shore trip drop? The most important thing is that the cell phone is not a good choice.
Electromagnetic radiation know how much
Some survey reports point out that: frequent exposure to electromagnetic radiation, if the role of high temperatures, the risk of breast cancer in their bodies will be greater; long-term electrical engineers, and then often in contact with gasoline, pesticides or insecticides, they suffer from acute leukemia, the risk of an increase.
Many surveys also report that people in "electrical occupations", children, and people who use household appliances inappropriately (children who play video games, women and children who use electric blankets and other electric heaters, etc.) are at greater risk of damage from low-frequency magnetic fields. In some countries, pregnant women are also subject to the rule that babies should not be exposed to microcomputers for 3 to 6 months before they are born.
The intensity and cumulative amount of low-frequency magnetic field radiation affects the probability of disease. And, some people develop the disease after a latency period of up to 10-15 years. The upper limit of permissible magnetic induction is 100 microtesla, as specified in international health standards. Electromagnetic radiation is like the relationship between the sun and ultraviolet rays, you have to enjoy the sunshine will inevitably receive ultraviolet radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is invisible, intangible and difficult to perceive, so its harm is particularly insidious. From electronic alarm clocks, hair dryers, microwave ovens, electric irons, to computers, fax machines, telephones, we are not in contact with electromagnetic "comfort" all the time. Outside the door, the power line, a variety of electrical equipment and make us very easy to be in the electromagnetic field. 21st century electromagnetic environment has deteriorated for the certainty.
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Precautions against electromagnetic radiation
As we all know, where there is electricity, there is electromagnetic radiation, and electromagnetic radiation is unseen, unnoticeable, indefensible. So what kind of precautions people take is crucial.
First of all, we should widely publicize the basic knowledge of electromagnetic radiation, so that people can figure out how electromagnetic radiation is generated, what harm will be done to the human body, what kind of places and what kind of equipment will produce electromagnetic radiation, which is a long-term patient and meticulous work.
Secondly, take some necessary precautions to avoid or reduce electromagnetic radiation. Such as there is now a variety of anti-electromagnetic radiation of raw materials made of mixed fibers, woven into the fabric of the clothes, made of anti-radiation clothing, its electromagnetic shielding effect is very obvious. If our businessmen to produce more of such clothing, electromagnetic radiation on the human body will be greatly weakened.
How to prevent the harm produced by electromagnetic radiation
1. Prevent the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the human body:
(1) shielding room: composed of metal (sheet, net), mostly used for large-scale mechanical groups or control room of the active field shielding;
(2) shielding clothing shielding helmets and shielding glasses: these are personal protective gear can effectively reduce the intensity of magnetic radiation, to protect those engaged in contact with electromagnetic radiation. Radiation intensity to protect the physical health of staff engaged in contact with electromagnetic radiation;
(3) shielding cover: this is the main method of active field shielding of small instruments, shielding the materials used are generally required to be conductive materials with low resistivity, such as copper, aluminum, etc.;
(4) for the electromagnetic radiation generated by the cell phone can be wearing headphones to reduce electromagnetic radiation, the Ministry of Information Industry The Ministry of Information Industry, Telecommunications Transmission Research Institute, Thiel Laboratory experiments prove that the use of headphones when talking to the head of the amount of radiation in the direct use of cell phones to talk to the amount of radiation between 1/100 and 1/200.
2. Prevent electromagnetic radiation leakage of your computer confidentiality methods:
(1) passive mode: electromagnetic shielding, to prevent the leakage of electromagnetic waves to the outside. The disadvantage of using this mode alone is that if the shielding can not be complete, the high sensitivity of the electromagnetic receiving equipment can still access the information;
(2) active mode: the electromagnetic wave emission, so that the electromagnetic receiving equipment used for stealing the secrets of the signal received by the interference. The disadvantage of using this mode alone is that it is still possible and useful information can be restored if the received jammed signals are analyzed by well-designed software.
The best approach, therefore, is to use a mixture of both modes at the same time.
Thus, the passive mode to prevent electromagnetic wave leakage to the outside, we have to start from these aspects. Shielding the monitor alone is not enough. When a computer is to be used in a confidential situation, all unnecessary cables and peripherals should be removed.
Battery-powered laptops can dispense with such connections. However, if it is necessary to use a public power supply, passive mode filtering or active mode interference signal injection into the power cord are measures to be considered.
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Living environment quality Electromagnetic radiation hazards can not be ignored
At present, as people pay more attention to the health of home buyers in the choice of housing in addition to consider the location, price, type, garden, property and other factors, but also began to pay attention to the quality of the environment. It is understood that, in order to allow people to enjoy a safe and healthy living environment, "the Chinese people *** and the State Environmental Impact Assessment Law" will come into force from September 1, that is to say, for residential projects, the future of the project before the project need to carry out mandatory environmental impact assessment.
Electromagnetic radiation surfaced
For the outdoor environmental quality, the noise problem, the air index problem, electromagnetic radiation is the most concerned about the three issues, especially electromagnetic radiation. Because electromagnetic radiation can not touch, can not see, people do not know much about it, live in high-voltage lines, substations, radio stations, television stations, radar stations around many residents have an inexplicable sense of fear. But the State Environmental Protection Administration of the relevant experts pointed out that although electromagnetic radiation has a certain degree of harm, but on the one hand, electromagnetic radiation is not at any time, any place where the harm occurs; on the one hand, electromagnetic radiation can be shielded, therefore, the residents do not need to be afraid of electromagnetic radiation.
Correct understanding of electromagnetic radiation
With the development and progress of society, a large number of television towers, broadcasting stations, radar, satellite communications, microwave and other equipment and activities with electromagnetic radiation is also increasing. These devices play an important role in the improvement of human living standards and progress of social development, while electromagnetic waves generated is also an element of environmental pollution. The more progress in social development, the more serious the situation of electromagnetic pollution of the environment. Therefore, electromagnetic wave is both an information carrier and energy flow carrier beneficial to social development and a pollution element harmful to human life, and its harm has been highly valued by the international environmental protection field. Therefore, both electromagnetic energy as a resource, fully utilized; but also to strengthen the management of the negative effects of electromagnetic radiation will be controlled to a minimum.
According to the relevant experts of the State Environmental Protection Administration, from a professional point of view, electromagnetic radiation generally refers to electromagnetic waves with a frequency of more than 100KHZ. The sources of electromagnetic fields are natural and artificial. First of all, the earth itself is a large magnetic field, sunlight itself is also a band of electromagnetic waves, as well as lightning and other electromagnetic waves generated by the planet, are naturally occurring, and mankind is evolved in this environment, and nature to form a harmonious ****existence relationship, so the natural electromagnetic radiation, there is no harm to the human body. However, since the 19th century, with the development of science, mankind invented a lot of facilities that work with electromagnetic energy, and a large number of these facilities emit electromagnetic radiation or generate electromagnetic fields into the environment, so that the problem of electromagnetic radiation in the environment is becoming more and more serious, thus giving rise to the problem of electromagnetic environmental protection. Facilities that generate electromagnetic radiation can be roughly divided into five categories:
1, radio and television transmission systems, such as television transmission towers, radio relay stations;
2, wireless communication transmission systems, such as cell phone base stations;
3, high-voltage power transmission and transformation systems, such as high-voltage lines, substations;
4, electrification of railways, such as magnetic levitation trains;
5, Industrial, scientific, medical use of electromagnetic energy facilities, such as high-frequency smelting furnace;
Harm of electromagnetic radiation
Human beings themselves live in a huge electromagnetic field, electromagnetic radiation is ubiquitous, so electromagnetic radiation is not as terrible as imagined. Electromagnetic radiation only exceeds a certain value will have an adverse effect on the human body. According to the Electromagnetic Radiation Protection Regulations issued by the National Environmental Protection Agency, the electric field strength should be safe if it is less than 40 volts per meter. Even if it exceeds this value, it does not necessarily produce harm, depending on the individual's resistance and the time and distance of exposure. In addition, experts also pointed out that electromagnetic waves are ubiquitous, it brings infinite convenience to our lives, we should be treated correctly, rational use, there is no need to worry too much, as long as the appropriate shielding protection, you can greatly reduce the impact of radiation.
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How terrible is electromagnetic radiation
In recent years, domestic and foreign media reports on the harmful effects of electromagnetic radiation have been uninterrupted: Italy has more than 400 children suffering from leukemia each year, experts believe that the cause of the disease is subjected to serious electromagnetic pollution; the United States, a cancer medical foundation of electromagnetic radiation damage to a number of patients sampling laboratory tests, the results showed that in the vicinity of high-voltage lines, the growth of cancer cells. The results show that in the high-voltage lines near the work of the people, the growth rate of cancer cells 24 times faster than the average person; China's annual birth of 20 million children, there are 350,000 for the defective children, of which 250,000 for the intellectual disability, some experts believe that electromagnetic radiation is one of the influencing factors.
Is the harm of electromagnetic radiation really so sensational?
In fact, human beings have been living in an electromagnetic environment. The earth itself is a large magnetic field, its surface thermal radiation and lightning can produce electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the sun and other planets also produce a constant stream of electromagnetic radiation from outer space. But naturally occurring electromagnetic radiation is not harmful to the human body, the human body poses a threat to the environment caused by pollution is artificial electromagnetic radiation.
As early as 168 years ago, the British Faraday discovered a wonderful phenomenon: the electric current through the media can produce electric and magnetic fields, which is later called electromagnetic induction phenomenon. 1880s, people use the principle of electromagnetic induction, the establishment of the world's first power station. From then on, mankind took a big step into the application of electromagnetic radiation era.
From the first global communication in 1901, to the large-scale use of mobile communication, and the necessary color TV, refrigerator, the application of electromagnetic radiation has been y into all aspects of human life. While fully enjoying the convenience and comfort brought by electromagnetic radiation, people also feel its negative effects day by day. Such as electromagnetic radiation in electromagnetic compatibility has caused navigation systems, medical information systems, industrial process control and information transmission systems out of control, interfering with people's radio and television listening to ......
It is heard that household appliances, electronic equipment, mobile communication equipment and other electrical devices, as long as the operation is in the use of the state, it will be surrounded by electromagnetic radiation. There will be electromagnetic radiation. I also heard that electromagnetic radiation can penetrate a variety of substances, including the human body. Some people will therefore product electromagnetic radiation pollution is compared to the "invisible killer". So how much harm will electromagnetic radiation cause to human health?
The reporter interviewed Zhao Yufeng, a professor at the Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science.
Professor Zhao said: "Electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic pollution are two concepts, electromagnetic radiation is everywhere, all the time, but electromagnetic pollution only after electromagnetic radiation exceeds a certain intensity (that is, the limit value of the safety and health standards), only to the human body to produce a negative effect, resulting in headaches, insomnia, memory loss, blood pressure increases or decreases, and the heart appears to be bounded by the abnormalities of such symptoms. The negative effect on the human body is only after the electromagnetic radiation has reached the limit of safety and health standards. Such as in the electromagnetic radiation super-intensity of the environment of long-term operation, serious may cause some people miscarriage, cataracts, and even induced carcinogenicity ......"
Zhao Yufeng frankly, electromagnetic radiation on the human effect, although prevalent, but it is not terrible. Different people or the same person at different ages on the tolerance of electromagnetic radiation is not the same, even in the excessive environment, does not mean that all people will get sick, so there is no need to electromagnetic radiation "grass". Of course, the elderly, children, pregnant women or patients with pacemakers, sensitive to electromagnetic radiation and long-term work in the environment of excessive doses of electromagnetic radiation should take precautionary measures.
In response to daily life exposure to electromagnetic radiation generated by electrical products, may endanger health, the China Consumers Association on August 6 issued a warning: life must be protected against electromagnetic radiation.
"In fact, electromagnetic radiation in the end on human health has no effect is not a new issue." Chinese Academy of Preventive Medical Sciences researcher Li Tianlin told reporters, "domestic and foreign experts and scholars on electromagnetic radiation research and comments have been up to half a century, but due to the purpose of the study, methodology, conditions (exposure to electromagnetic radiation sources of distance, time, biological model, etc. different) and other factors are not consistent, the current global experts and scholars on the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation research However, due to inconsistencies in research objectives, methods, conditions (distance, time, biological modeling, etc.), the results and views of experts and scholars on the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation are not consistent. Therefore, what exactly are the effects and hazards of electromagnetic radiation on the human body need to be further explored."
However, Li Tianlin believes that, as a large country, the relevant authorities in China should develop a national unified electromagnetic radiation safety and health mandatory national standards as soon as possible. So that manufacturers can follow this standard research and development of ultra-low electromagnetic radiation appliances, equipment, to protect the safety of consumers. At the same time the management of electromagnetic radiation into the normal scope of social environmental protection, effective protection of consumers, the legitimate rights and interests of workers.
The reporter interviewed several relevant departments on the development of electromagnetic radiation standards, learned that in the past, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Electronics Industry (now merged into the Ministry of Information Industry), the State Environmental Protection Administration, the army and other departments, were developed separately in the industry electromagnetic radiation safety standards, but there is no one unified mandatory national standards for electromagnetic radiation safety. It is reported that China is currently working on the development of mandatory national standards on electromagnetic radiation, is expected to be introduced by the end of this year.
According to the State Environmental Protection Administration experts, China's electromagnetic radiation environment is relatively good, equivalent to the 1950s and 1960s when China faced with water pollution, air pollution, there are signs of emergence, far from the serious point. But from now on, we should be strict management, a rainy day. Because social and economic development is inseparable from the application of electromagnetic radiation. If the electromagnetic pollution to the point of environmental intolerable, and then want to further economic development will be difficult.