The 2020 Pujiang Innovation Forum Global Health and Development Forum was held on the morning of October 23rd at the Nine Trees (Shanghai) Future Art Center. The theme of the forum is "Science and Technology Innovation and Global Health *** Governance".
Wu Yuanbin, Director of the Department of Social Development Science and Technology of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Lu Min, Chief Engineer of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology, and Zhuang Mudi, Secretary of the Party Committee of Fengxian District, delivered speeches. Mr. Dai Weiren, Senior China Strategy Advisor of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Acting Head of Beijing Representative Office, Mr. Lance Rodewald, Senior Advisor of CDC, Mr. Xue Lan, Dean of Schwarzman College of Tsinghua University and Director of Center for Science and Technology Policy Research of Tsinghua University, Mr. Xu Jianrong, Director of World Health Foundation China and Chief Representative of Shanghai Representative Office, Mr. PATH, Global Vice President and Chief Executive Officer of PATH, Mr. Wang Zhenhua, and Mr. Wang Zhenhua, Chief Executive Officer of PATH. David Kaslow, Global Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer of PATH and Chair of the WHO Vaccine Product Development Advisory Committee, will give presentations respectively.
Keynote Presentations
David Kaslow, Senior China Strategy Advisor, Acting Head of Beijing Representative Office, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and China Cooperation
1. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the world's largest philanthropic foundation, has since its inception been committed to providing financial support in the areas of human health and disease prevention and treatment, public **** education, and helping poor countries improve agricultural production.
2. The Foundation has 1,602 employees globally in 2019, with grants totaling $5.1 billion and $55.2 billion since inception (as of the fourth quarter of 2019).
3. The Foundation's core strategy is Innovation and Collaboration, which improves the health and well-being of the world's poorest people by supporting innovation and forging new partnerships. In the area of innovation, the Foundation supports the acceleration of research and development of innovative products, tools, and solutions, and the exploration of effective models for scaling them up; and in the area of collaboration, the Foundation further creates and strengthens new multilateral partnerships that bring together the public and private sectors to mobilize funding for priority issues and drive long-term systemic change.
4. We look forward to working with our Chinese partners to promote the continued progress of health development in China and globally. On the one hand, we will continue to support China in addressing its domestic challenges and improving the health of all its people; on the other hand, we will support China in utilizing its strengths in resources, innovation and expertise to become a stronger partner in global health and development, and to make a greater contribution to global health and development.
Lance Rodewald, Senior Advisor, China Center for Disease Control (CDC)
Science, Technology, Innovation, and Global Health ****Governance
1. Vaccines play an important role in controlling, eliminating, and eradicating diseases. Vaccines greatly reduce human illnesses and deaths through four ways: direct protection and active immunization, indirect protection, direct protection and passive immunization, and post-exposure prophylaxis; at the same time, vaccines also greatly save the medical and social costs of society.
2. Vaccines are not perfect, no vaccine is 100% effective (usually 95% effective), and no vaccine is 100% safe. Vaccines can also cause adverse reactions such as shock and allergies.
3. The preferred target product for the COVID-19 vaccine should be one that is 70% effective in preventing new coronavirus infections in the vaccinated population, and the secondary product should be 50% effective in preventing new coronavirus infections in the vaccinated population. In this sense, the vaccines we have currently tested in clinical trials have met the desired goals.
4. Once a vaccine is available for COVID-19, the target population can be immunized in a phased approach, taking into account essential services, occupational risk, medical risk, and transmission risk.
5. In summary, immunization is the safest and most reliable method of preventing disease in people of all ages, and the investment in immunization is a high-return investment for governments and societies; the COVID vaccine will certainly play a role in controlling pandemics of new crowns.
Xue Lan, Director, Schwarzman College, Tsinghua University, and Director, Center for China Science and Technology Policy, Tsinghua University
Global Health Risk Management in the Post-Pandemic Epidemic Epidemic
Health risks in the context of globalization have a number of characteristics: first, they are an immediate threat to human societies; second, the global movement of people and goods can lead directly to the spread of risks that are difficult to control; and second, the spread of risks can be difficult to control. The global flow of people and goods can lead directly to the spread of risks that are difficult to control; thirdly, due to differences in health conditions and institutional mechanisms, countries have different strategies to deal with risks; fourthly, if a country is not safe, all countries are not safe. Therefore, the prevention and control of global health risks require global action.
2. Differences in political, economic, and social systems across countries pose enormous challenges to the prevention and control of global health risks. Therefore, we advocate risk factor-centered health risk management, and adopt different prevention and control strategies for different risk levels. The global fight against the epidemic requires a ****same philosophy and strategy, and flexible measures and pathways through risk analysis, risk decision-making, and risk communication.
3. Currently, the prevention and control of C pneumonia in China has entered a low-risk management phase. That is, on the one hand, the epidemic has been basically controlled, but the possibility of localized outbreaks still exists; on the other hand, although our understanding of the virus is deepening, we still do not have a complete grasp of it.
4. The prevention strategy based on comprehensive risk analysis should strengthen the research on the risk of new infectious diseases and the effectiveness of preventive and control measures for new infectious diseases, and strengthen the social risk communication about new infectious diseases, in addition to the development of public **** policy on new infectious diseases.
5. Global health governance cooperation, on the one hand, to strengthen scientific research cooperation in the field of global health, including the understanding of the characteristics of the virus, the development of therapeutic drugs, production and supply of cooperation and exchange; on the other hand, to strengthen the coordination of the global response to the epidemic strategy, including the recognition of countries in the acceptance of the level of risk and the implementation of prevention and control strategies for the implementation of the differences in the countries of the different prevention and control strategies to carry out exchanges, develop a national prevention and control strategy coordination. The first step is to develop a mechanism for coordinating the prevention and control strategies of each country, and to develop risk criteria for the exchange of personnel and goods from each country.
Jianrong Xu, Director of World Health Foundation China and Chief Representative, Shanghai Representative Office
Maternal, Child and Global Health
1. Founded in 1958, the World Health Foundation is an internationally renowned public service health organization that helps people help themselves over the long term to save lives, alleviate suffering and help communities improve health care. As an internationally renowned health education public service organization, it aims to help people help themselves in the long term, save human lives, alleviate the suffering of patients, and help communities improve health care.
2. Today, the Foundation has conducted more than 80 medical training and health education programs, and has collaborated with more than 35 countries around the world, including China, where it was invited by the Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Medical University in 1983 to be the first international nonprofit organization engaged in health philanthropy to enter China.
3. Since the founding of China, women's and children's health in China has changed dramatically. Data from the 2019 Report on the Development of China's Maternal and Child Health Career show that China's under-five mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and neonatal mortality rate fell by 88.2%, 87.8%, and 86.2%, respectively, between 1991 and 2018.
4. The Foundation's cooperation with the Shanghai Children's Medical Center should be considered a relatively successful case. The construction of the SCMC project began in 1989 and was officially opened to the public in 1998. The Foundation invested $37 million in the construction of the hospital and RMB 100 million in follow-up education and training, and also participated in the development of various disciplines, introduced advanced knowledge and skills, equipment into the pediatric center, and played an active role as a consultant.
5. At present, the Children's Medical Center has 1,500 beds, two hospital districts, covers an area of 164 acres, with a building area of 138,000 square meters, has passed the international quality certification in 2010, and the number of projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China is the first of its kind in China's specialized hospitals.
David Kaslow, Global Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, PATH (PATH), and Chair of the WHO Advisory Committee on Vaccine Product Development
The Role of Vaccines in Global Health and Effective Collaboration in Vaccine Development and Introduction
1. PATH is a non-profit international organization that improves people's health by enhancing technology, strengthening institutions, and encouraging healthy behaviors.
2. Currently, PATH has more than 1,400 employees in more than 70 countries around the world working to advance international collaboration in the areas of vaccines, medicines, diagnostics, devices, and health systems.
3. PATH's success in driving innovation in the vaccine field is not just about funding, but also about its collaborative network of scientists, government and health authorities, and vaccine manufacturers.
4. In order to gain support for prevention and treatment, PATH is working with research institutes to further estimate the costs of screening and prevention, as well as to develop new screening tools.
This article was organized by Zhang Mi Zhi, an associate researcher at the Statistical Evaluation Research Office of the Shanghai Institute of Science. The views in the article do not represent the views of the organizing organization.