History Tangshan, named after Dacheng Mountain (formerly known as Tangshan) in the center of the city. Tangshan has a long history, as early as 40,000 years ago there were human beings working and living. In the Shang Dynasty, it belonged to the Lone Bamboo State, in the Warring States period, it was the land of Yan, in the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Youzhou, and in the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to the Yongping Prefecture of Zhili Province and Zunhua Zhili Prefecture. It was originally a village during the Tang Dynasty, and was developed to a certain extent from the Ming Dynasty onwards, mainly for agriculture, quarrying and pottery making. With the rise of the "foreign affairs movement" in the late Qing Dynasty, the Kaiping Mining Bureau was set up in Tangshan in the third year of the Qing Guangxu Dynasty (1877) to introduce advanced Western technology and run coal mines. In 1878, Tangshan built Qiaotun Town, renamed Tangshan Town in 1889, and formally established the city in 1938, which is one of the birthplaces of modern industry in China. China's first modern coal wells, the first standard-gauge railroad, the first steam locomotive, the first bag of cement, the first piece of sanitary ceramics were born here, known as "the cradle of China's modern industry" and "northern porcelain capital".
Natural resources Tangshan mild climate, diverse landforms, fertile soil, is a variety of agricultural and sideline products rich production areas, known as the "Beijing East Treasure Land". The northern mountainous areas are rich in chestnuts, walnuts, apples, red fruits and other dried and fresh fruits, "Jingdong Chestnut" is famous in China and abroad; the central plains are rich in maize, wheat, rice, peanuts and other agricultural and sideline products, known as "Jidong Grain Pitcher" of the reputation; the southern coast of the Bohai Bay is an important fishing ground, but also the original salt and salt. The southern coast is both an important fishing ground in Bohai Bay and a concentrated production area for raw salt, and the Nambourg Salt Farm is the largest salt farm in Asia. The coastline is 196.5 kilometers long, with great potential for the development of mudflats and shallow sea. There are many varieties of mineral resources, large reserves, good quality, concentrated distribution, easy to extract. At present, 47 kinds of mineral deposits have been discovered with proven reserves. With a reserve of 6.25 billion tons of coal, it is the main coking coal producing area in China; with a reserve of 5.75 billion tons of iron ore, it is one of the three major iron ore mining areas in China. The reserves of oil, natural gas, limestone and gold are also very considerable.
Culture. Tangshan has a rich cultural heritage, people and spirit. "Do not eat Zhou Su", "the old horse knows the way", Qi Jiguang "to change the fight" and other stories are happening here. Tangshan is the birthplace of Chinese opera, opera, shadow, Leiting drums known as the "three flowers of Jidong", has a wide range of influence at home and abroad. The Qing East Mausoleum is the largest existing royal mausoleum with the most complete architectural system in China, which is listed as a world cultural heritage; there are also many humanistic and natural landscapes, such as the Great Wall Pass, Jingzhong Mountain, Bodhi Island, Jinyin Beach, Li Dazhao Memorial and his former residence, etc., which have now become good places for tourism. Tangshan food belongs to the Beijing East Cuisine, honey sesame candy, Chess Cake, Wanli Xiang Grilled Chicken and other special snacks enjoy a good reputation. There are many talented people here. World-renowned literary giant, "Dream of Red Mansions" author Cao Xueqin's ancestral home is Tangshan Fengrun people; China's main founder of the Chinese opera Cheng Zhaocai was born in Luannan County, Tangshan; China's **** pro-establishment movement, one of the main founders of the Chinese **** pro-establishment party, the hometown of Li Dazhao in Leting County, Tangshan. The people of Tangshan are industrious and intelligent, resilient and rich in the spirit of creativity. In the long-term revolution and construction, molded the Kailuan miners "especially able to fight" spirit, the west store "poor stick" spirit, Shashi Yu "contemporary spirit of Yugong", and in the earthquake relief The spirit of the earthquake is our valuable spiritual wealth.
City environment. Tangshan is a new city that emerged after the earthquake, with clear functional zoning, supporting municipal facilities, a fresh and beautiful environment, and a high level of modernization. The urban water penetration rate, gas penetration rate, centralized sewage treatment rate, heating penetration rate reached 100%, 97%, 65% and 83%, respectively, are among the leading cities in the country. In 1990, Tangshan was the first city in China to be awarded the United Nations "Habitat Award of Honor", and in 2004, it was awarded the United Nations "Dubai International Award for the Best Example of Improving the Living Environment". Tangshan is well connected with transportation. The Jingtang Port, jointly constructed with Beijing, has realized navigation with more than 120 ports at home and abroad, and ranks among the top 20 ports in China; the construction of Caofeidian deep-water wharf has begun in full swing. Beijing-Harbin, Beijing-Qin, Daqin three trunk railroads and Beijing-Yu, Tang-Qin, Beijing-Tangshan three national highways through the territory, Beijing-Shenzhen (Tangshan section), Tang-Jin, Tang-Hong Kong, the West Outer Ring of the four highways intertwined into a network of three-dimensional interlocking ring around the city, constituting a modern transportation network.
Economic society. Since the reform and opening up, Tangshan's national economy and social undertakings have developed rapidly, and the comprehensive economic strength has increased significantly. Due to the 1976 earthquake, the early stage of reform and opening up, Tangshan is in a period of recovery and construction. After the recovery and construction were basically completed in 1986, Tangshan's economic development was put on the fast track. In 1988, the city's GDP doubled for the first time; in 1994, it doubled for the second time; and in 1996, it entered the top 50 of the country in terms of comprehensive strength. In 2005, the city's GNP reached 202.7 billion yuan, with a total fiscal revenue of 22.6 billion yuan. Comprehensive development of agriculture and rural areas, fruit and vegetables, dairy, lean pigs, chestnuts, peanuts, aquatic products, six dragon-based economic scale continues to grow, the rate of industrialization of agriculture 55%. Industry has formed coal, iron and steel, electric power, building materials, machinery, chemicals, ceramics, textiles, paper and other 10 pillar industries, electromechanical integration, electronic information, bio-engineering, new materials, four high-tech industry groups a solid start. As a national important energy, raw materials industrial base, Tangshan existing Kailuan, Tangshan Steel, Jidong Cement, rolling stock, Sanyou Alkali, Tangshan Ceramics and a large number of large-scale backbone advantageous enterprises. Opening up to the outside world has initially formed an all-round, multi-level, broad pattern. In 2005, the city's actual utilization of foreign capital of 504 million U.S. dollars, of which 461 million U.S. dollars in foreign direct investment. The annual total import and export amounted to 2.648 billion U.S. dollars, of which 1.197 billion U.S. dollars were exported. Products were exported to 169 countries and regions, including South Korea, the United States and Japan. Along with the economic development, the spiritual civilization construction and all social undertakings have developed comprehensively, and it has been awarded the national honorary titles of Advanced City in Creating Civilized Cities, National Model City of Double Embracing, National Hygienic City, National Advanced City in Landscaping and Greening and other national honorary titles. People's life in general has reached a well-off level. In 2005, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of farmers in the city reached 10,488 yuan and 4,582 yuan respectively.
Future development. At present, we have entered a new stage of building a moderately prosperous society and accelerating socialist modernization in an all-round way, Tangshan's future development faces good opportunities. The provincial party committee and the provincial government have high hopes for the development of Tangshan, the city is required to become the province's economic development leader and a regional economic center. We are determined to build a moderately prosperous society around the goal of comprehensive construction, adhere to the scientific development of the overall economic and social development of the overall situation, give full play to the location, resources, ports and marine advantages, seize the unprecedented opportunity of the development and construction of Caofeidian Industrial Zone, emancipation of the mind, keep pace with the times, innovative and pragmatic, and strive to be the first, the in-depth implementation of the outward drive, science and education in the city, urbanization and sustainable development strategy, accelerate the strategic adjustment of the economic structure. Improve the socialist market economic system, optimize the development environment, maintain social stability, comprehensively build socialist material, political and spiritual civilization, build a harmonious Tangshan, adhere to the people-oriented, and constantly improve people's living standards, in order to achieve the goal of walking in the forefront of the province to fight tirelessly.
In 2006, the total amount of national tax revenue of Tangshan City continued to rank first in the province and 19th in the national cities. Compared with the 21st place in 2005 moved forward 2 places. Surpassed Jinan, Shenyang, Changchun, Xi'an, Harbin and other sub-provincial provincial capitals and Dalian, Xiamen and other planned cities. 2006, the city's national tax system *** organization of tax revenues 18.418 billion yuan, accounting for 105.25% of the annual plan, an increase of 2.885 billion yuan, an increase of 18.6%.
Long history
Tangshan has a long and honorable history. According to archaeological confirmation, in ancient times, Tangshan's forefathers flourished on this piece of land. Claw village culture site is about 45,000 years ago, the discovery of Mengjiaquan people, so far, there are about 17,000 years, the Paleolithic site in Luanxian's East Gray Mountain, Zunhua's Junzikou and other places have been found． Since the 50's, the Tangshan area found more than 20 Neolithic sites, today's Tangshan City, Dacheng Hill, Qiangxi's Xizhai Village, Qian'an An Xinzhuang three representative sites, which indicates that the historical period of human civilization at that time in the history of this place has begun. 90's archaeological discoveries further proved that the people of Tangshan in this piece of land has long been the creation of a brilliant culture, Luan River Basin is one of the birthplaces of China's ancient civilization. The Luan River Basin is one of the birthplaces of our ancient civilization.
Tangshan in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties belong to the northern marquis Lone Bamboo State territory, at that time, the people by charcoal firing, strip mixing disk building method of production of three-legged, flat-bottomed pottery, has been made and use of bronze, the Lone Bamboo State of the story of Boyi, Shuqi has been passed down to this day. During the Warring States period, Tangshan was under the jurisdiction of Yan, and the productivity of the society at that time was significantly higher than before, the economy and culture took a big step forward, and there were a lot of fine pottery and copper ware. Weapons and production tools were made of copper and iron. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Tangshan was the right Beiping County and Liaoxi County, belonging to Youzhou. During the Western Han Dynasty, Tangshan began to learn how to cultivate rice and build water conservancy, and at the same time developed iron smelting, iron casting, and salt boiling, and set up officials specializing in the management of salt and iron. During the Wei, Jin, and North and South Dynasties, the Tangshan area still belonged to the Right Beiping County and Liaoxi County of Youzhou, and the various ethnic groups living here complemented each other's strengths and weaknesses, realizing the fusion of ethnic cultures. During the Sui Dynasty, the three levels of administration of the Han Dynasty were changed from prefectures, counties and counties to the two levels of prefectures and counties, and the eastern part of the present Tangshan area belonged to Beiping County. During the Sheng Tang Dynasty, Tangshan's economy showed a boom. In order to restore Liaodong, Tang Emperor Li Shimin sent troops to conquer Goryeo in the east, and Tangshan was the necessary place to pass through, leaving behind a lot of beautiful legends of Li Shimin and Tangshan, hence the appearance of cities and fortresses for cantonment of grain and troops, as well as temples, bazaars, pavilions, post stations and palaces. The social stability after the conquests also promoted the development of Tangshan's agriculture and handicrafts, making iron smelting and salt-boiling industries develop more rapidly. Liao ruled Tangshan for nearly 210 years, and after the destruction of Liao, Tangshan was ruled by the Jin people, during which Leting, Qian'an and Fengrun were built one after another, which made Tangshan densely populated with people, with economic development and prosperous trade, and a number of commercially prosperous cities and towns were formed. Yuan Dynasty when it became the "belly" place, the economic and social status improved significantly. In the Ming Dynasty, Tangshan people not only smelted iron, but also developed the coal mining industry, and became the center of the ceramic industry. Tangshan Town in the Qing Dynasty, in 1877 before Luanxian and Fenrun between a remote village, since 1876, the Qing government in Kaiping Town, built a coal mine began to develop gradually. After the gradual increase in population, business is becoming increasingly prosperous, so the establishment of Qiaotun Town, 1899, because the town north of the Tangshan (Dacheng Mountain) and named Tangshan Town, under the Zhangzhou. I938 in January formally established the city. 1948, after the liberation of Tangshan in December, the establishment of the People's Government of the city of Tangshan, belonging to the Jidong District. 1949 August for the provincial municipalities in 1958 to belong to the Tangshan Prefecture in 1960 the merger of the prefecture into a provincial municipality, March 1983 to become the city. Provincial municipalities, in March 1983 the implementation of the new system of municipal management of counties: the merger of municipalities, the abolition of the region, now under the jurisdiction of 2 cities, 6 counties, 6 districts and two state-owned farms, with a total area of 13,472 square kilometers ****.
Tangshan not only has a long history, but also a brilliant culture. Splendid culture. And has a glorious revolutionary tradition, in modern history for the Chinese revolutionary cause has made great contributions. In the British and French forces invaded China. Tangshan counties in Beijing and Tianjin under the influence of the Boxer Rebellion, the establishment of the "Boxer Rebellion", "Red Lantern", a powerful resistance to imperialist aggression. 1911 December the famous Luanzhou Uprising, a powerful complement to the Wuchang Uprising, an important part of the 1911 Revolution. 1919 May Fourth Movement broke out after the Tangshan carried out a vigorous After the May Fourth Movement broke out in 1919, Tangshan carried out a vigorous student movement, and the working class ascended to the political stage, displaying itself as the leading and backbone force of the revolution. With the spread of Marxism in Tangshan, the CPC was established in Tangshan in 1922, and carried out revolutionary struggles in an organized and led manner. The general strike of the Kailuan Mine Workers' Alliance became one of the most important strikes in the first climax of the labor movement in China. The Yutian Peasants' Armed Riot was the first time that peasants in the north raised the red flag of agrarian revolution. During the Anti-Japanese War, the famous Jidong Anti-Japanese Riot was held. During the War of Liberation, the people of Tangshan became the main rear base to support the two major battles of Liao-Shen and Ping-Tianjin, and the people of Jidong mobilized their human, material and financial resources to support the two major battles with the spirit of great sacrifice and made their due contribution to the victory of the battles.
Caofeidian is located in the southern coast of Tangshan City, the original is a northeast, southwest oriented band of sandy islands, for the ancient Luan River into the sea alluvial and has been more than 5,500 years of history, because the island of the original Caofei Temple and named.
"Facing the sea, there is a deep groove, backed by land, there is a shallow" is the most obvious natural geographic characteristics of Caofeidian, for the construction of large-scale deep-water port and the development of port-related industries to provide superior conditions, known as the "National Treasure Land".
The development and construction of Caofeidian is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Hebei Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government in response to the national energy and transportation development strategy, to adjust and optimize the productivity layout and industrial structure of heavy industries in the northern region of China, to accelerate the integrated development of the Bohai Rim economy, and to lead the modern industry to take the road of circular economy. Since 1992, the preliminary work of Caofeidian Project has been launched, with a total investment of more than 60 million yuan, more than 50 work results and scientific research topics have been completed, 14 academicians and more than 3,500 experts and scholars have been hired to repeatedly demonstrate, discuss and optimize the project, and a large number of scientific and informative bases and qualitative conclusions have been provided for the state's scientific decision-making. Caofeidian Project has been listed as "No.1 Project" by Hebei Province and Tangshan City; in October 2005, it was listed as one of the first batch of pilot industrial parks for the development of circular economy in the country, and in March 2006, it was listed in the national "Eleventh Five-Year" development plan. Caofeidian Industrial Zone, with a preliminary planning area of 310 square kilometers, will be based on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, backed by the "Three Norths" (North China, Northwest China, Northeast China), and facing the world, giving full play to the advantages of geographic location, deep-water ports, resource combinations, and industrial backwardness, and earnestly organizing the implementation of the strategy of "relying on the port to promote the industry, and reuse to establish the city, Port-city interaction" strategy, vigorously build modern port logistics, iron and steel, petrochemical and equipment manufacturing and other industrial clusters, to establish and improve transportation, water supply, power supply, communications, land, environmental protection, six basic support system, and strive to build Caofeidian into a modern industrial pioneering area, the hinterland development of the leading area, the hinterland development of the innovation area, the transformation of the mode of economic growth, and the high openness of the international market and the recycling economy demonstration area. Economic Demonstration Zone. In the next five years, the industrial zone plans to complete the development and construction investment of about 150 billion yuan, by 2010, the gross domestic product reached 56 billion yuan, fiscal revenue reached 7 billion yuan, and the built-up area of the port city reached 90 square kilometers.
Functional orientation: taking the construction of national scientific development demonstration zone as the umbrella, Caofeidian will be gradually built into an international energy and raw materials in the north of China's major ports, a world-class heavy chemical industrial base, a national commercial energy reserve and deployment center, and a national recycling economy demonstration zone.
Caofeidian Industrial Zone, as one of the first batch of pilot industrial parks for the development of circular economy in China, will adhere to the scientific concept of development, in accordance with the principle of "reduce, reuse, and resource", and focus on the establishment of the industrial system of the circular economy, the system of management and control of the comprehensive utilization of resources, and the system of eco-construction and environmental protection, and accelerate the gathering of iron and steel, petrochemical, electric power, petrochemicals and other industries. Accelerate the gathering of iron and steel, petrochemical, electric power and equipment manufacturing and other recycling economy demonstration industry clusters, the formation of a complete waste materials and waste recycling system, maximize the conservation of resources, protection of the environment, and the realization of the harmonious development of man and nature, the resources, environmental indicators to meet the standards of the national demonstration zone of the recycling economy, and to become a demonstration zone leading the development of China's recycling economy.
In order to meet the needs of the comprehensive development and construction of Caofeidian, on October 8, 2005, approved by the Hebei Provincial Party Committee, Caofeidian Industrial Zone CPC Working Committee, Management Committee was officially set up, and from then on, the development and construction of Caofeidian has entered a new stage.
Beginning in 2005, Caofeidian officially opened the prelude to large-scale development and construction. 250,000-ton ore wharf, only 13 months to complete the construction of the wharf's main engineering and ancillary facilities, the smooth realization of domestic and foreign navigation, this year has been unloading more than 10 million tons of imported iron ore, the annual 11 million tons will be reached; Coal wharf was approved by the State, is in the process of land making and wharf The main steel sheet pile construction; crude oil terminal has been approved by the state, is under construction of approach piles, the end of the year to start pipeline laying; LNG terminals and tank farms project has completed the project approval report of the group and preliminary design, is carrying out the land and ground investigation works, the recent official start of construction; Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Union Limited liability company high-quality steel base project has been completed the project approval report demonstration, foundation treatment test and No. 1 ironmaking blast furnace all 600 cement piles and auxiliary pile pouring, is stepping up the organization of equipment bidding and "three through one leveling"; China Resources Caofeidian power plant 2 × 300,000 kilowatts of thermoelectric power plant project approval of the required documents have been completed, is carrying out foundation treatment, test piles and the host of the bidding; 22 Metallurgical steel and other projects are also expected to Construction will begin within the year Economic and social
Since the reform and opening up, Tangshan's national economy and social undertakings have developed rapidly, and the comprehensive economic strength has increased significantly. As a result of the 1976 earthquake, the early stage of reform and opening up, Tangshan is in the period of construction while restoring; 1986 after the completion of the restoration and construction of the basic, Tangshan's economic development into the fast lane; 1988 the city's gross domestic product to achieve the first doubling; 1994 to achieve the second doubling; 1996 across the country's comprehensive strength of the top 50. 2001 gross domestic product on the 100 billion yuan step; "Tenth Five-Year Plan" to achieve the first doubling of the city's gross domestic product, the second doubling of the city's gross domestic product. In 2001, the city's GDP reached 100 billion yuan; during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the city's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 12.7%; in 2006, the city's GDP reached 236.168 billion yuan; the per capita GDP was 32,900 yuan,
All the financial revenue was 26.429 billion yuan, ranking first in Hebei Province. The proportion of value added of the three industries is 10.8:57.9:31.3. Agriculture and rural areas are developing in a comprehensive manner, with fruit and vegetables, dairy industry, lean hogs, corn, peanuts and aquatic products. The scale of the six dragon-type economy continues to grow, the city's 5 million yuan or more scale agricultural leading enterprises 225, including 16 sales income of more than 100 million yuan. Agricultural industrialization business amounted to 23 billion yuan, agricultural industrialization rate of 57.0%. Industry has formed coal, iron and steel, electric power, building materials, machinery, chemicals, ceramics, textiles, paper and other ten pillar industries, five industrial base: high-quality steel, basic energy, high-quality building materials, equipment manufacturing and chemicals. Mechatronics, electronic information, bio-engineering, new materials, four high-tech industry groups have made a solid start. Existing Kailuan, Tangshan Steel, Jidong Cement, rolling stock, Sanyou Alkali, Tangshan Ceramics and a large number of large-scale backbone advantageous enterprises. 1988, Tangshan City, approved by the State Council as a coastal open area, opening up to the outside world has initially formed a full range of multi-level, broad field pattern. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the city's total utilized foreign capital was 1.422 billion U.S. dollars. In 2006, the actual utilized foreign capital was USD 507 million. At the same time of economic development, the spiritual civilization construction and all social undertakings have developed comprehensively, and the city was awarded the Advanced City of Creating National Civilized Cities for three times in 1999, 2002 and 2005, the National Model City of Shuangcong for four times in 1994, 1997, 2000 and 2003, the National Hygienic City for 1995, the National Advanced City of Gardening and Greening for 1999 and 2003, and the National Advanced City of Landscaping and Greening for 2001 and 2003. Advanced City in Gardening and Greening, and National Excellent City in Comprehensive Management of Social Security from 2001 to 2004, and other national honors. People's life in general has reached a well-off level; in 2006, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of peasants in the city reached 12,376 yuan and 5,155 yuan respectively.
Administrative divisions
In 2005, Tangshan City governed six municipal districts and six counties, and administered two county-level cities.
Tangshan City has an area of 13,206 square kilometers and a population of 7.09 million (2004).
Lubei District Area 113 square kilometers, population 620,000 people. ZIP code 063015.
Lunan District Area 65 square kilometers, population 240,000 people.
Guye District Area: 263 square kilometers, population: 360,000 people.
Kaiping District Area: 253 square kilometers, population: 330,000; ZIP code: 063021. The district people's government is located in Kaiping Town.
Fengrun District Area 1334 square kilometers, population 890,000 people. The district people's government is located in Happiness Road.
Fengnan District Area 1568 square kilometers, population of 520,000 people. The People's Government of the district is located in Fengnan Town.
Zunhua City Area 1,521 square kilometers, population 690,000 people. The city has a population of 690,000 and an area of 1,208 square kilometers. The People's Government of the city is located in Qian'an Town.
Luan County Area 999 square kilometers, population 540,000 people. The People's Government of the county is located in Luanzhou Town.
Luannan County Area 1270 square kilometers, population of 570,000 people. Zip code 063500. county people's government is located in the town of temperatures.
Leting County covers an area of 1,308 square kilometers and has a population of 490,000 people. The people's government of the county is located in Leting Town.
Rengxi County covers an area of 1,439 square kilometers and has a population of 360,000 people. The county people's government is located in Xingcheng Town.
Yutian County covers an area of 1165 square kilometers and has a population of 660,000 people. The county people's government is located in Yutian town.
Tanghai County covers an area of 700 square kilometers and has a population of 140,000 people. The county people's government is located in Tanghai Town.
* The information on district and geographical names here is as of December 2005; the area and population data are based on the "Compendium of Administrative Divisions of the People's Republic of China (2006)", and the population is as of the end of 2004. *