According to Wuhu News Network, on the evening of April 22, some children in Changjiang Changxiaoyanzi Kindergarten in Wuhu developed vomiting symptoms. After the symptoms appeared, the clinic initially judged them to be acute gastroenteritis caused by common norovirus infection. .
After the incident, relevant departments of Wuhu City and Yijiang District promptly intervened in the investigation and required the kindergarten to temporarily suspend classes.
From October to March of the following year, it is the season when norovirus infectious diarrhea is prevalent. However, this does not mean that norovirus will not "cause trouble" in other seasons. If you want to avoid being "infected" with norovirus, everyone should quickly learn the protection knowledge.
Norovirus has strong survivability
The "Health Tips for Campus Prevention and Control of Norovirus Infectious Diarrhea High Incidence Season" issued by the National Health Commission's Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention pointed out that norovirus It has the characteristics of strong contagion, low infection dose, long detoxification time, short immune protection time and general susceptibility of the whole population, making schools, families, hospitals, communities, kindergartens, tourist areas and other crowd gathering places prone to norovirus infection Sexual diarrhea cluster epidemic.
Norovirus is mainly excreted through the patient's feces and vomitus, and patients with latent infection can also excrete the virus. Patients can shed norovirus during the incubation period. The peak shedding period is 2-5 days after onset and lasts for about 2-3 weeks. The longest shedding period has been reported to be more than 56 days.
Norovirus has strong environmental resistance and can survive in a temperature range of 0-60°C. It can survive on surfaces for 2 weeks and in water for more than 2 months. Alcohol and no-rinse hand sanitizer have no inactivating effect, but the use of high concentrations of chloride ions (the concentration used to treat sewage) can inactivate norovirus.
There is currently no vaccine or specific medicine
The incubation period of norovirus infection is short, usually 24-48 hours, with a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 72 hours. The symptoms are mainly mild, with the most common symptoms being diarrhea and vomiting, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills and muscle aches. Children mainly suffer from vomiting, while adults mostly suffer from diarrhea.
Norovirus infection is a self-limiting disease. Most patients do not need treatment after onset and can recover after 2-3 days of rest. A few patients require timely treatment due to serious complications. There is currently no vaccine or effective medicine.
Patients should replenish water in time
In the event of norovirus infectious diarrhea, antibiotics are not required. The water consumed during vomiting and diarrhea should be replenished in time. Adding sugar saline or oral rehydration salt can Help patients replenish fluids and electrolytes in a balanced manner. If you have severe symptoms of vomiting or diarrhea, you should seek medical advice promptly.
Dehydration is the main cause of death in patients. Therefore, severe cases, especially young children and the frail, should receive intravenous or oral rehydration in time to correct dehydration, acidosis and electrolyte imbalance.
Alcohol and hand sanitizer are ineffective
1. Maintain good hand hygiene
Follow the 6 steps before eating, after using the toilet, and before processing food. Wash your hands properly, using soap and running water for at least 20 seconds. It is important to note that disinfectant wipes and hand sanitizer are not effective against norovirus and are not a substitute for hand washing.
2. Pay attention to personal food hygiene
You should drink boiled water as much as possible, wash vegetables and fruits thoroughly, and cook food thoroughly, especially seafood such as shellfish. Cook thoroughly.
3. Isolate at home during the illness
Patients need to be quarantined at home or in hospital according to their condition until 3 days after the symptoms completely disappear. Those who test positive for norovirus but have no symptoms of infectious diarrhea People with latent infection also need to quarantine at home for 3 days.
4. Do a good job of disinfection
Chlorine-containing preparations need to be used to disinfect the environment and items contaminated by the patient's vomit or feces. When cleaning items contaminated with vomitus, you should wear plastic gloves and a mask to avoid direct contact with contaminants.
Chlorine-containing disinfectants are the most effective
When cleaning pollutants, use gauze, rags and other disposable absorbent materials to soak in 5000mg/L-10000mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant to completely cover the pollution. Objects, clean them carefully.
The cleaned pollutants should be centrally disposed of as medical waste, or soaked in disinfectant containing 5000mg/L effective chlorine for 30 minutes before disposal.
A sufficient amount of 5000mg/L-10000mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant can be poured into the toilet bowl for more than 30 minutes.
Tools such as mops and rags used in cleaning, and containers containing pollutants must be soaked and disinfected with a disinfectant solution containing 5000mg/L effective chlorine for 30 minutes and then rinsed thoroughly before they can be used again. Mops used for cleaning toilets and toilets in collective units should be used exclusively.