What are the laboratory instruments

Summary: Laboratory instruments are instruments used in physics, chemistry, biology experiments, there are many types of laboratory instruments, modern commonly used laboratory instruments are test tubes, beakers, evaporating dishes, crucibles, alcohol lamps, Brinell's funnels, gas-washing flasks, drying tubes, pallet balances, volumetric cylinders, volumetric flasks, burettes, measuring devices and so on. Here is a detailed look at the complete list of laboratory instruments and equipment. A complete list of laboratory instruments and equipment

(A) Glass instruments

1, chemical instruments

Main term: chemical instruments

Glue-ended burette, gas collection flask, beaker, test tube, measuring cylinder, alcohol lamp, iron stand, medicine spoon, reagent bottles, flasks, long-necked funnels, funnels, dispensing funnels, glass rods, measuring cups, and so on.

Use and precautions of chemical instruments: instruments that can be heated.

(1) Test tubes

Containers used to hold small quantities of medicines, to carry out reactions with small quantities of reagents at room temperature or under heat, and to prepare or collect small quantities of gases.

Precautions for use:

①Can be heated directly, with the test tube clamp in 1/3 from the mouth of the test tube.

② the liquid in the test tube, not more than l/2 of the volume of the test tube when not heated, not more than l/3 when heated.

③ can not be heated after the sudden cold, to prevent cracking.

④The mouth of the test tube should not be pointed at anyone when heated; when heating a solid, the test tube should be placed horizontally, with the mouth of the tube tilted slightly downward.

(2) Beaker

Used as a reaction vessel for preparing solutions and larger quantities of reagents, at room temperature or when heated.

Precautions for use:

①When heating, it should be placed on the asbestos mesh so that the heat is uniform.

②Dissolved substances with a glass rod stirring, can not touch the wall or bottom of the cup.

(3) flask

For reagents in large quantities and liquid substances to participate in the reaction of the container, can be divided into round-bottomed flasks, flat-bottomed flasks and distillation flasks. They can be used to assemble gas generating devices. Distillation flasks are used for distillation to separate mutually soluble substances with different boiling points.

Precautions for use:

①Round-bottomed flasks and distillation flasks can be used for heating with asbestos mesh pads, and can also be used for other heat baths (e.g., water baths for heating, etc.).

②Liquid add not more than 1/2 of the volume of the flask.

(4) evaporation dish

For evaporation of liquid or concentrated solution.

Precautions for use:

①Can be heated directly, but can not be cold suddenly.

②The amount of liquid should not exceed 2/3 of the volume of the evaporation dish.

③Take, put the evaporation dish should use the crucible clamp.

(5) crucible

Mainly used for solid material burning at high temperature.

Precautions for use:

①Place the crucible on the mud triangle on the tripod for direct heating.

②Take, put the crucible when the application of crucible tongs.

(6) alcohol lamp

Chemical experiments commonly used heating heat source.

Precautions for use:

① alcohol lamp wick should be flat.

②Add alcohol, no more than 2/3 of the volume of the alcohol lamp; alcohol not less than l/4.

③Absolutely prohibited to add alcohol to the burning alcohol lamp to avoid fire.

④It is absolutely forbidden to use an alcohol lamp to ignite another alcohol lamp.

5) When you have finished using an alcohol lamp, you must put it out with the cap and not blow it out with your mouth.

6 Do not touch the alcohol lamp, in case the spilled alcohol burns up on the table, you should immediately use a wet cloth to cover it.

2, separate substances of the instrument

(1) funnel

divided into ordinary funnel, long-necked funnel, liquid funnel. Ordinary funnels are used for filtration or transfer of liquids to small mouth containers. Long-necked funnels are used to inject liquid into the gas generator. Separation funnel for separation of different density and immiscible different liquids, can also be used to the reactor at any time to add liquid. It is also used for extractive separation.

(2) gas-washing bottle

Secondary schools are usually assembled with wide-mouth bottles, conical flasks or large test tubes. The liquid contained in the gas-washing cylinder is used to wash the gas and remove

the water or other gas impurities from it. When using the gas flow direction, generally "long in short out".

(3) drying tube

(B) experimental instruments

1, electrochemical

acidity meter conductivity meter dissolved oxygen meter ion meter titrator infrared moisture determination online analyzer electrode multi-parameter analyzer

2, day balancer

precision balance electronic scale analytical balance micro balance mechanical balance torque balance rack and pan day Calm water balance liquid specific gravity balance

3, Incubator

Electric incubator biochemical incubator oscillation incubator light incubator mold incubator isolation incubator anaerobic incubator constant humidity incubator CO2 incubator

4, drying box

blast drying box electric drying box vacuum drying box infrared drying box freeze dryer dryer

5、Spectroscopic Instruments

Spectrophotometer ultraviolet photometer flame photometer atomic absorption meter pesticide residue meter microscope video microscope metallurgical microscope fluorescence microscope biological microscope

6、Electric Furnace

Cabinet Resistance Furnace Universal Electric Furnace Closed Electric Furnace Program Electric Furnace Electric Heat Plate Electric Heat Sleeve

7、Pharmaceutical Instruments

Gene Amplification Instrument Drugs Dissolution meter intelligent disintegration meter tablet hardness tester ultraviolet analyzer clarity test Chinese medicine pulverizer

8, optical instruments

Whiteness meter turbidity meter gloss meter sugar Abbey meter digital melting point meter automatic spinning optical stress meter residual chlorine colorimeter

9, biochemical analysis

Electrophoresis instrument electrophoresis tank centrifuge pipettes super thermostat bath ultrasonic cleaning potentiometric titrator Microwave digestion instrument separation chromatograph

10, reaction instruments

Culture shaker colloid mill oscillator grinder high-speed disperser magnetic stirrer electric mixer vacuum pump rotary evaporator digital water bath moisture meter shear emulsifier water bath mixer high-speed pulverizer

11, the physical properties of the instrument

Rotational Viscometer Digital Viscometer Tu4 Viscosity cup reaction force meter digital melting point meter hardness tester test chamber artificial climate chamber salt spray test chamber aging test chamber high and low temperature test

12, dehumidification and purification instruments

Distiller water purifier dehumidifier fume hoods ultra-clean bench autoclave sterilizer biosafety cabinets

13, measurement and testing instruments

Scraper fineness meter infrared thermometer rotor flow meter black and white Grid plate iron cobalt colorimeter film thickness meter anemometer anemometer paint film applicator contact tachometer

14, petroleum testing

Law residual carbon test distillation range tester petroleum tester rust tester condensation point tester needle into the tester moisture tester Enschede viscometer petroleum viscometer

15, food instruments

Nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium determination of fiber tester fat tester nitrogen fixed Pesticide tester safety testing instruments

16, medical equipment

Disinfection equipment orthopedic dental medical utensils X-ray protection physiotherapy rehabilitation gynecological anal and urinary surgery first aid inspection equipment ophthalmology equipment

17, chemical raw materials

Surfactants amine halogen raw materials plating raw materials food additives flavors and fragrances class of raw materials for water treatment

18, environmental protection instruments

Thermal analyzers viscometer carbon monoxide determination of other environmental protection instruments cod monitor formaldehyde analyzer ultrasonic detector sewage treatment constant temperature oscillation constant temperature and humidity box gas bath oscillator

19, chromatography instruments

Liquid chromatography gas chromatography oscillator polarimeter